使用PB未公开的INDIRECT关键字

作者：Réal Gagnon

 

INDIRECT declaration statement enables a function to be called indirectly by simply setting an instance or shared variable. With a simple INDIRECTed variable, we need to provide 2 functions. One to set the value and one to retrieve the value.

[instance variable]
public:
 INDIRECT string i_username {of_SetUsername(*value),of_GetUsername()}

private:
 string zis_username

[Powerscript functions]
function integer of_SetUsername(string as_username)

    IF NOT IsNull(as_username) THEN
       zis_username = upper(as_username)
    END IF
    RETURN 1


function String of_GetUsername()
    RETURN zis_username

[test code]

// the of_SetUsername() function is called by PB
i_username = "powerbuilder howto"

// the of_GetUsername() function is called by PB
MessageBox("username", i_username) 

Here some notes from Jeremy Lakeman (thanks!).

• INDIRECT variables only compile with 2 or 6 functions in the array otherwise the compiler will crash.
• Arguments that start with a * will be replaced by the appropriate value at compile time and all arguments are optional, the compiler wont complain if you don't pass one of the valid values
• Arguments can be supplied in any order
• The compiler will crash if you define a function with an unsuported argument
• Extra identifiers can be passed to each method, but only if they are valid in the context of the calling code
• The argument names are :
  string *name the name of the variable (used with INDIRECT array)
  any *value the value being assigned
  long[] *args the array of array dimensions (used with INDIRECT array)
• Where a value is supplied as an argument, the compiler will call any matching method. This means that you could override the set methods to allow multiple types of values to be assigned.

INDIRECT keyword when used with an array is a little bit more tricky, we need to define 6 functions.

In the following example, the INDIRECT array converts its member to uppercase. A userobject is used to hold our INDIRECT array and the 6 required functions.

[EXPORT .sru file, save into a file _n_cst_indirect.sru_ and then IMPORT it in PB]

$PBExportHeader$n_cst_indirect.sru
forward
global type n_cst_indirect from nonvisualobject
end type
end forward

global type n_cst_indirect from nonvisualobject
end type
global n_cst_indirect n_cst_indirect

type variables

indirect string x[] {&
        of_set_array(*name, *value), &
        of_set_item(*name, *args, *value), &
        of_get_array(*name), &
        of_get_item(*name, *args), &
        of_upperbound(), &
        of_lowerbound()}

private:
string ix[]

end variables
forward prototypes
public function integer of_lowerbound ()
public function integer of_upperbound ()
private function any of_get_array (string s)
private function string of_get_item &
              (string s, long al_dimensions[])
private subroutine of_set_item &
    (string s, long al_dimensions[], string as_value)
private subroutine of_set_array (string s, string as_values[])
end prototypes

public function integer of_lowerbound ();
// provide the lower bound of the array
// can be defined with a *value argument
// but then must be called by lowerbound(x, 1)
// this method must be public

return lowerbound(ix)
end function

public function integer of_upperbound ();
// provide the upper bound of the array
// can be defined with a *value argument
// but then must be called by upperbound(x, 1)
// this method must be public

return upperbound(ix)
end function

private function any of_get_array (string s);
// return the entire array in an any variable
any la_ret

la_ret=ix
return la_ret
end function

private function string of_get_item &
     (string s, long al_dimensions[]);
// get an element of the array
return ix[al_dimensions[1]]
end function

private subroutine of_set_item &
     (string s, long al_dimensions[], string as_value);
// set an element of the array
ix[al_dimensions[1]]=upper(as_value)
end subroutine

private subroutine of_set_array (string s, string as_values[]);
integer i
String ls_blank[]

ix = ls_blank
// set the entire array
FOR i = 1 TO upperbound(as_values)
   x[i] = as_values[i]
NEXT
end subroutine

on n_cst_indirect.create
call super::create
TriggerEvent( this, "constructor" )
end on

on n_cst_indirect.destroy
TriggerEvent( this, "destructor" )
call super::destroy
end on
To use the userobject from Powerscript :
integer i
n_cst_indirect lnv_i
String tmp[] = &
  { "the uppercase conversion", &
  "was done with the", &
  "INDIRECT keyword!"}

lnv_i = create n_cst_indirect
lnv_i.x[1] = "powerbuilder howto"
MessageBox("", lnv_i.x[1])

lnv_i.x[2] = "http://www.rgagnon.com"
MessageBox("", lnv_i.x[2])

Messagebox("", string(upperbound(lnv_i.x)))

lnv_i.x = tmp
FOR i = 1 TO Upperbound(lnv_i.x)
   MessageBox("", lnv_i.x[i])
NEXT 

The same technique but this time, our array type is long.

$PBExportHeader$n_cst_indirect.sru
forward
global type n_cst_indirect from nonvisualobject
end type
end forward

global type n_cst_indirect from nonvisualobject
end type
global n_cst_indirect n_cst_indirect

type variables

indirect long x[] {&
        of_set_array(*name, *value), &
        of_set_item(*name, *args, *value), &
        of_get_array(*name), &
        of_get_item(*name, *args), &
        of_upperbound(), &
        of_lowerbound()}

private:
long ix[]

end variables

forward prototypes
public function integer of_lowerbound ()
public function integer of_upperbound ()
private function any of_get_array (string s)
private subroutine of_set_array (string s, long al_values[])
private function long of_get_item (string s, long al_dimensions[])
private subroutine of_set_item &
    (string s, long al_dimensions[], long al_value)
end prototypes

public function integer of_lowerbound ();
return lowerbound(ix)
end function

public function integer of_upperbound ();
return upperbound(ix)
end function

private function any of_get_array (string s);
any la_ret

la_ret=ix
return la_ret
end function

private subroutine of_set_array (string s, long al_values[]);
ix=al_values
end subroutine

private function long of_get_item (string s, long al_dimensions[]);
return ix[al_dimensions[1]]
end function

private subroutine of_set_item &
        (string s, long al_dimensions[], long al_value);
ix[al_dimensions[1]]=al_value
end subroutine

on n_cst_indirect.create
call super::create
TriggerEvent( this, "constructor" )
end on

on n_cst_indirect.destroy
TriggerEvent( this, "destructor" )
call super::destroy
end on 

Array with multi-dimensions needs functions with different signatures :

$PBExportHeader$n_cst_indirect.sru
forward
global type n_cst_indirect from nonvisualobject
end type
end forward

global type n_cst_indirect from nonvisualobject
end type
global n_cst_indirect n_cst_indirect

type variables

indirect long x[1,2,3] {&
        of_set_array(*name, *value, *eoseq), &
        of_set_item(*name, *nargs, *args, *value, *eoseq), &
        of_get_array(*name, *eoseq), &
        of_get_item(*name, *nargs, *args, *eoseq), &
        of_upperbound(*dims), &
        of_lowerbound(*dims)}

private:
long ix[]

/*
    indirect variables only compile with 2 or 6 functions in the array
    otherwise the compiler will crash

    arguments that start with a * will be replaced by the appropriate
    value at compile time
    all arguments are optional, the compiler wont complain if you don't
    expect one of the valid values
    arguments can be supplied in any order
    the compiler will crash if you define a function with an unsuported
    argument
    extra identifiers can be passed to each method, but only if they are
    valid in the context of the calling code
    Eg you could pass "this" as an argument

    string  *name   the name of the variable
    any     *value  the value being assigned
    long[]  *args   the array of array dimensions
    long    *nargs  the number of elements in *args
    boolean *eoseq  end of sequence
                      used to indicate if this is the end of a dot notation
                      sequence
    integer *dims   dimension for lower or upper bound?
                      the compiler doesn't seem to care which named value
                      you actually use though

    Where a value is supplied as an argument, the compiler will call any
    matching method. This means that you could override the set methods
    to allow multiple types of values to be assigned.
*/

end variables
forward prototypes
public function integer of_upperbound (integer al_dims)
public function integer of_lowerbound (integer al_dims)
private subroutine of_set_array &
   (string as_name, long al_values[], boolean ab_eoseq)
private function any of_get_array (string as_name, boolean ab_eoseq)
private function long of_get_item &
   (string as_name, long al_n_dimensions, &
    long al_dimensions[], boolean ab_eo_seq)
private subroutine of_set_item &
  (string as_name, long al_n_dimensions, &
   long al_dimensions[], long al_value, boolean ab_eoseq)
end prototypes

public function integer of_upperbound (integer al_dims);
// provide the upper bound of the array
// can be defined with a * argument doesn't seem to care which one
// but then must be called by upperbound(x, 1)
// this method must be public

return upperbound(ix)
end function

public function integer of_lowerbound (integer al_dims);
// provide the lower bound of the array
// can be defined with a * argument doesn't seem to care which one
// but then must be called by lowerbound(x, 1)
// this method must be public

return lowerbound(ix)
end function

private subroutine of_set_array &
    (string as_name, long al_values[], boolean ab_eoseq);
// set the entire array
ix=al_values
end subroutine

private function any of_get_array (string as_name, boolean ab_eoseq);
// return the entire array in an any variable
any la_ret

la_ret=ix
return la_ret
end function

private function long of_get_item &
  (string as_name, long al_n_dimensions, long al_dimensions[],&
    boolean ab_eo_seq);
// get an element of the array
return ix[al_dimensions[1]]
end function

private subroutine of_set_item &
  (string as_name, long al_n_dimensions, long al_dimensions[], &
   long al_value, boolean ab_eoseq);
// set an element of the array
ix[al_dimensions[1]]=al_value
end subroutine

on n_cst_indirect.create
call super::create
TriggerEvent( this, "constructor" )
end on

on n_cst_indirect.destroy
TriggerEvent( this, "destructor" )
call super::destroy
end on 

 由  Ericwoo 在 六月 07, 2008 15:44 发贴 |  永久链接 |  删除 |  回复这个