Kubernetes监控体系（三）之Heapster介绍

本文个人博客地址：http://www.huweihuang.com/article/kubernetes/monitoring/heapster-introduction/

1. heapster简介

Heapster是容器集群监控和性能分析工具，支持Kubernetes和CoreOS。
Kubernetes有个监控agent—cAdvisor。在每个kubernetes Node上都会运行cAdvisor，它会收集本机以及容器的监控数据(cpu,memory,filesystem,network,uptime)。

2. heapster部署与配置

2.1. 注意事项

需同步部署机器和被采集机器的时间：ntpdate time.windows.com

加入定时任务，定期同步时间

crontab –e

30 5 * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate time.windows.com //每天早晨5点半执行

2.2. 容器式部署

以下为示例，请拉取官方镜像，根据实际情况修改参数。

#拉取镜像
docker pull heapster:latest
#运行容器
docker run -d -p 8082:8082 --net=host heapster:latest --source=kubernetes:http://<k8s-server-ip>:8080?inClusterConfig=false\&useServiceAccount=false --sink=influxdb:http://<influxdb-ip>:8086?db=<k8s_env_zone>

2.3. 配置说明

可以参考官方文档

2.3.1. –source

–source: 指定数据获取源。这里指定kube-apiserver即可。
后缀参数：
inClusterConfig:
kubeletPort: 指定kubelet的使用端口，默认10255
kubeletHttps: 是否使用https去连接kubelets(默认：false)
apiVersion: 指定K8S的apiversion
insecure: 是否使用安全证书(默认：false)
auth: 安全认证
useServiceAccount: 是否使用K8S的安全令牌

2.3.2. –sink

–sink: 指定后端数据存储。这里指定influxdb数据库。
后缀参数：
user: InfluxDB用户
pw: InfluxDB密码
db: 数据库名
secure: 安全连接到InfluxDB(默认：false)
withfields： 使用InfluxDB fields(默认：false)。

3. Metrics

分类	Metric Name	Description	备注
cpu	cpu/limit	CPU hard limit in millicores.	CPU上限
	cpu/node_capacity	Cpu capacity of a node.	Node节点的CPU容量
	cpu/node_allocatable	Cpu allocatable of a node.	Node节点可分配的CPU
	cpu/node_reservation	Share of cpu that is reserved on the node allocatable.
	cpu/node_utilization	CPU utilization as a share of node allocatable.
	cpu/request	CPU request (the guaranteed amount of resources) in millicores.
	cpu/usage	Cumulative CPU usage on all cores.	CPU总使用量
	cpu/usage_rate	CPU usage on all cores in millicores.
filesystem	filesystem/usage	Total number of bytes consumed on a filesystem.	文件系统的使用量
	filesystem/limit	The total size of filesystem in bytes.	文件系统的使用上限
	filesystem/available	The number of available bytes remaining in a the filesystem	可用的文件系统容量
	filesystem/inodes	The number of available inodes in a the filesystem
	filesystem/inodes_free	The number of free inodes remaining in a the filesystem
memory	memory/limit	Memory hard limit in bytes.	内存上限
	memory/major_page_faults	Number of major page faults.
	memory/major_page_faults_rate	Number of major page faults per second.
	memory/node_capacity	Memory capacity of a node.
	memory/node_allocatable	Memory allocatable of a node.
	memory/node_reservation	Share of memory that is reserved on the node allocatable.
	memory/node_utilization	Memory utilization as a share of memory allocatable.
	memory/page_faults	Number of page faults.
	memory/page_faults_rate	Number of page faults per second.
	memory/request	Memory request (the guaranteed amount of resources) in bytes.
	memory/usage	Total memory usage.
	memory/cache	Cache memory usage.
	memory/rss	RSS memory usage.
	memory/working_set	Total working set usage. Working set is the memory being used and not easily dropped by the kernel.
network	network/rx	Cumulative number of bytes received over the network.
	network/rx_errors	Cumulative number of errors while receiving over the network.
	network/rx_errors_rate	Number of errors while receiving over the network per second.
	network/rx_rate	Number of bytes received over the network per second.
	network/tx	Cumulative number of bytes sent over the network
	network/tx_errors	Cumulative number of errors while sending over the network
	network/tx_errors_rate	Number of errors while sending over the network
	network/tx_rate	Number of bytes sent over the network per second.
	uptime	Number of milliseconds since the container was started.

4. Labels

Label Name	Description
pod_id	Unique ID of a Pod
pod_name	User-provided name of a Pod
pod_namespace	The namespace of a Pod
container_base_image	Base image for the container
container_name	User-provided name of the container or full cgroup name for system containers
host_id	Cloud-provider specified or user specified Identifier of a node
hostname	Hostname where the container ran
labels	Comma-separated(Default) list of user-provided labels. Format is ‘key:value’
namespace_id	UID of the namespace of a Pod
resource_id	A unique identifier used to differentiate multiple metrics of the same type. e.x. Fs partitions under filesystem/usage

5. heapster API

见官方文档：https://github.com/kubernetes/heapster/blob/master/docs/model.md