一、在网页后台,常量除0,去除小数
var number=10
undefined
var x=number/0
undefined
console.log(x)
Infinity debugger eval code:1:9
undefined
parseInt("10.5")
10
二、搜索并在页面上打出
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<input type="text" placeholder="请输入想要查询的信息" id="text">
<button onclick="getValue()">将查询信息打到页面上</button>
<div id="a">显示搜索内容</div>
</body>
<script src="2.js"></script>
</html>
function getValue()
{
var value = document.getElementById('text').value;
console.log(value);
document.getElementById('a').innerHTML = value;
}
三、div颜色渐变
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<style>
#a1{
height: 200px;
background-image: linear-gradient(0deg,red,yellow);
}
#a2{
height: 200px;
background-image: linear-gradient(-90deg,red,yellow);
}
#a3{
height: 200px;
background-image: linear-gradient(90deg,red,yellow);
}
#a4{
height: 200px;
background-image: linear-gradient(180deg,red,yellow);
}
</style>
<div id="a1"></div>
<div id="a2"></div>
<div id="a3"></div>
<div id="a4"></div>
</body>
<script src="2.js"></script>
</html>
四、输出语句
<script>
alert('11');
</script>
<script>
var myname=prompt('请输入您的名字');
alert(myname);
</script>
五、JavaScript
1、js输出
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>我的第一张网页</h2>
<p>我的第一个段落。</p>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = 5 + 6;
</script>
<script>
document.write(3 + 6);
</script>
<button onclick="document.write(5 + 6)">试一试</button>
<script>
window.alert(5 + 2);
</script>
</body>
</html>
2、js语句
JavaScript 语句由以下构成:值、运算符、表达式、关键词和注释。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>JavaScript 语句</h2>
<p><b>JavaScript 程序</b> 是一系列由计算机执行的 <b>语句</b>。</p>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
var x, y, z; // 语句 1
x = 22; // 语句 2
y = 3; // 语句 3
z = x - y; // 语句 4
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML =
"z 的值是" + z + "。";
</script>
</body>
</html>
3、JS语法
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>JavaScript 字符串</h2>
<p>字符串可由双引号或单引号包围。</p>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = "Bill Gates";
</script>
<script>
var x; //var来声明变量
x = 7;
</script>
<script>
var lastname, lastName,FirstName;
FirstName = "Bill";//JS对大小写敏感
lastName = "Gates";
lastname = "Jobs"
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = FirstName + lastName;
//表达式的值可以是字符串
</script>
</body>
</html>
4、Let 全局作用域和函数作用域
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h1>JavaScript 全局作用域</h1>
<p>可以从任何脚本或函数中访问全局变量。</p>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
var carName = "porsche";
myFunction();
function myFunction() {
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML =
"I can display " + carName;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h1>JavaScript 局部作用域</h1>
<p>myFunction() 之外的 carName 未定义。</p>
<p id="demo1"></p>
<p id="demo2"></p>
<script>
myFunction();
function myFunction() {
var carName = "porsche";
document.getElementById("demo1").innerHTML =
typeof carName + " " + carName;
}
document.getElementById("demo2").innerHTML =
typeof carName;
</script>
</body>
</html>
5、Const
(1)无法更改原始值
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>JavaScript const</h2>
<p>您无法更改原始值。</p>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
try {
const PI = 3.141592653589793;
PI = 3.14;
}
catch (err) {
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = err;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
(2)声明常量对象不会使对象属性不可更改
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>JavaScript const</h2>
<p>声明常量对象不会使对象属性不可更改:</p>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
// 创建对象:
const car = {type:"Porsche", model:"911", color:"white"};
// 更改属性:
car.color = "red";
// 添加属性:
car.owner = "Steve";
// 显示属性:
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = "车主是:" + car.owner;
</script>
</body>
</html>
(3)不能重新赋值一个常量对象
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>JavaScript const</h2>
<p>但是你不能重新赋值一个常量对象:</p>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
try {
const car = {type:"Porsche", model:"911", color:"white"};
car = {type:"BMW", model:"M5", color:"red"};
}
catch (err) {
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = err;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
(4)可以更改常量数组的元素
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>JavaScript const</h2>
<p>声明常量数组不会使元素不可更改:</p>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
// 创建数组:
const cars = ["Audi", "BMW", "Porsche"];
// 更改元素:
cars[0] = "Lucy";
// 添加元素:
cars.push("Honda");
// 显示数组:
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = cars;
</script>
</body>
</html>
(5)无法重新为常量数组赋值
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>JavaScript const</h2>
<p>您无法重新赋值常量数组:</p>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
try {
const cars = ["Saab", "Volvo", "BMW"];
cars = ["Toyota", "Volvo", "Audi"];
}
catch (err) {
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = err;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
(6)重新声明
var x = 2;
var x = 3;
x = 4;
//在程序中的任何位置都允许重新声明 JavaScript var 变量
var x = 2; // 允许
const x = 2; // 不允许
{
let x = 2; // 允许
const x = 2; // 不允许
}
//在同一作用域或块中,不允许将已有的 var 或 let 变量重新声明或重新赋值给 const
const x = 2; // 允许
const x = 3; // 不允许
x = 3; // 不允许
var x = 3; // 不允许
let x = 3; // 不允许
{
const x = 2; // 允许
const x = 3; // 不允许
x = 3; // 不允许
var x = 3; // 不允许
let x = 3; // 不允许
}
//在同一作用域或块中,为已有的 const 变量重新声明声明或赋值是不允许的
const x = 2; // 允许
{
const x = 3; // 允许
}
{
const x = 4; // 允许
}
//在另外的作用域或块中重新声明 const 是允许的
(7)提升
carName = "Volvo"; // 可以在此处使用 carName
var carName;
carName = "Volvo"; // 不可以在此处使用 carName
const carName = "Volvo";
6、JavaScript 数据类型
<script>
var x = 911 + "Porsche";
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = x;
//当数值和字符串相加时,JavaScript 将把数值视作字符串
</script>
<script>
var x = 911 + 7 + "Porsche";
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = x;
</script>
<script>
var x = "Porsche" + 911 + 7;
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = x;
//从左向右计算表达式,不同的次序会产生不同的结果
</script>
<script>
var x; // 现在 x 是 undefined
var x = 7; // 现在 x 是数值
var x = "Bill"; // 现在 x 是字符串值
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = x;
//JavaScript 拥有动态类型
</script>
7、JS函数
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>JavaScript 函数</h2>
<p>本例调用了一个执行计算的函数,然后返回结果:</p>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
var x = myFunction(7, 8); // 调用函数,返回值被赋值给 x
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = x;
function myFunction(a, b) {
return a * b; // 函数返回 a 和 b 的乘积
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
8、JS对象
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h1>JavaScript 对象创建</h1>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
// 创建对象:
var person = {firstName:"Bill", lastName:"Gates", age:62, eyeColor:"blue"};
// 显示对象中的数据:
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML =
person.firstName + " 已经 " + person.age + " 岁了。";
</script>
</body>
</html>