java NIO

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-03 23:30:01 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-11-03 23:30:01 发布

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文章标签： java nio 开发语言

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/hwqdoc/article/details/126225173

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java NIO 同步非阻塞IO

三大组件

Buffer

buffer 用来存储数据，对8中基本类型有7中buffer 实现，ByteBuffer,ShortBuffer,IntBuffer,CharBuffer,FloatBuffer,DoubleBuffer,LongBuffer,对于boolean ,可以使用其他方式表示，0 表示false 1 表示true
Buffer 的三个要素，position(对buffer 进行 get ,put 操作时position 会自动向后移动) , limit(buffer 可以操作的极限范围) ,capctiy（buffer 的容量），三者的关系 position<= limit<=capctiy

Channel

channel 用来传输数据，传输单位为 buffer，BIO 只能单向传输数据，但是NIO 可以双向传输数据，可以通过 buffer.flip()函数进行切换
常见的Channel
. FileChannel
. UDPChannel: DatagramChannel
. TCPChannel: SocketChannel, ServerSocketChannel
如果不设置，channel 默认时阻塞的，可以通过
channel.configureBlocking(false); 设置为非阻塞

Selector

多路复用选择器

package server;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.*;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;

public class ServerChannel {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建serverSocketChannel
        ServerSocketChannel ssc = ServerSocketChannel.open();
        ssc.configureBlocking(false);
        // 绑定端口
        ssc.bind(new InetSocketAddress(8088));

        Selector selc = Selector.open();
        SelectionKey register = ssc.register(selc, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
        while(true){
            selc.select();
            Set<SelectionKey> selectionKeys = selc.selectedKeys();
            Iterator<SelectionKey> iterator = selectionKeys.iterator();
            while(iterator.hasNext()){
                SelectionKey selectionKey = iterator.next();
                if(selectionKey.isAcceptable()){
                    //接受事件
                    ServerSocketChannel socketChannel = (ServerSocketChannel) selectionKey.channel();
                    SocketChannel sc = socketChannel.accept();
                    sc.configureBlocking(false);
                    //注册可读可写事件
                    sc.register(selc,SelectionKey.OP_READ+SelectionKey.OP_WRITE);
                }
                if(selectionKey.isReadable()){
                    SocketChannel sc  = (SocketChannel) selectionKey.channel();
                    sc.configureBlocking(false);
                    sc.register(selc,SelectionKey.OP_READ);
                    ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
                    sc.read(bb);
                    System.out.println(new String(bb.array(),0,bb.position()));
                    //从selector 中移除写事件
                    sc.register(selc,selectionKey.interestOps()-SelectionKey.OP_READ);
                }
                if(selectionKey.isWritable()){
                    SocketChannel sc  = (SocketChannel) selectionKey.channel();
                    sc.configureBlocking(false);
                    //写出数据
                    sc.write(ByteBuffer.wrap("hello client".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
                    // 从selector 中移除写事件
                    sc.register(selc,selectionKey.interestOps()-SelectionKey.OP_WRITE);

                }
            }
            iterator.remove();
        }

    }
}

package client;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

public class ClientChannel {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //打开 socketChannel
        SocketChannel sc = SocketChannel.open();

        // 获取连接
        sc.connect(new InetSocketAddress("localhost", 8088));

        //定义buffer
        ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.wrap("hello server".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));

        //发送数据
        sc.write(bb);

        ByteBuffer b = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
        sc.read(b);
        byte[] array = b.array();
        System.out.println(new String(array,0,b.position()));
        //关闭通道
        sc.close();

    }
}