C++多线程-互锁

多线程同步之WIN API互锁函数 （ 可以避免使用CriticalSection或Mutex） 一 互锁函数       互锁函数的家族十分的庞大，可以查看msdn（ http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms686360.aspx）以InterLocked开始的函数都是户数函数。使用互锁函数的优点是：他的速度要比其他的CriticalSection,Mutex,Event,Semaphore快很多。 二 简单实例       使用一些实例说明部分互锁函数的使用： 1) LONG InterlockedExchangeAdd(   PLONG plAddend,LONG Increment); 简单实例，在线程函数中对全局的变量自增，在开始使其为0，在线程都执行完以后输出全局变量的值，如果我们不使用互锁函数，则最后输出的结果，大部分情况是不正确的，比如我们一共有10000个线程的话，则全局变量的值一般是比10000要小；但是如果我们使用互锁函数来实现自增，则就快速的实现了线程安全，最后输出的全局变量一定是10000.

#include  < windows.h > #include  < process.h > #include  < stdio.h > #define  THREAD_MAX 100000 int  g_x  =   0 ; unsigned  __stdcall ThreadEntity( void   *  pVoid) {     g_x++;     //InterlockedExchangeAdd(reinterpret_cast<long*>(&g_x),1);         return 1;         } int  main() {          HANDLE   hth[THREAD_MAX];     unsigned  uiThreadID[THREAD_MAX];     printf("start create children threadings:/n");     for(int i = 0; i < THREAD_MAX; ++i)     {         hth[i] = (HANDLE)_beginthreadex( NULL,         // security             0,            // stack size             ThreadEntity,             (void*)&i,           // arg list             0,               &uiThreadID[i] );         if ( hth[i]== 0 )             printf("Failed to create thread 1/n");             }     WaitForMultipleObjects( THREAD_MAX, hth,true,10000);        for(int i = 0; i<THREAD_MAX; ++i)         CloseHandle( hth[i] );          printf("last: g_x is %d/n",g_x);     printf("Primary thread terminating./n"); }

在上面的代码中使用了 //InterlockedExchangeAdd(reinterpret_cast<long*>(&g_x),1); 来实现g_x的线程安全的自增。   2）使用LONG InterlockedExchange(PLONG plTarget,LONG lValue);实现循环锁：

//  Global variable indicating whether a shared resource is in use or not BOOL g_fResourceInUse  =  FALSE; void  Func1()  {    //Wait to access the resource.    while(InterlockedExchange(&g_fResourceInUse, TRUE) == TRUE)       Sleep(0);    //Access the resource.        //We no longer need to access the resource.    InterlockedExchange(&g_fResourceInUse, FALSE); }

  3）太多了，不举了，以后用到了再放到这里把。 三 互锁函数列表 一般的互锁函数：

Interlocked function	Description
InterlockedAdd	Performs an atomic addition operation on the specified LONG values.
InterlockedAdd64	Performs an atomic addition operation on the specified LONGLONG values.
InterlockedAddAcquire	Performs an atomic addition operation on the specified LONG values. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedAddAcquire64	Performs an atomic addition operation on the specified LONGLONG values. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedAddRelease	Performs an atomic addition operation on the specified LONG values. The operation is performed with release memory access semantics.
InterlockedAddRelease64	Performs an atomic addition operation on the specified LONGLONG values. The operation is performed with release memory access semantics.
InterlockedAnd	Performs an atomic AND operation on the specified LONG values.
InterlockedAndAcquire	Performs an atomic AND operation on the specified LONG values. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedAndRelease	Performs an atomic AND operation on the specified LONG values. The operation is performed with release memory access semantics.
InterlockedAnd8	Performs an atomic AND operation on the specified char values.
InterlockedAnd8Acquire	Performs an atomic AND operation on the specified char values. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedAnd8Release	Performs an atomic AND operation on the specified char values. The operation is performed with release memory access semantics.
InterlockedAnd16	Performs an atomic AND operation on the specified SHORT values.
InterlockedAnd16Acquire	Performs an atomic AND operation on the specified SHORT values. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedAnd16Release	Performs an atomic AND operation on the specified SHORT values. The operation is performed with release memory access semantics.
InterlockedAnd64	Performs an atomic AND operation on the specified LONGLONG values.
InterlockedAnd64Acquire	Performs an atomic AND operation on the specified LONGLONG values. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedAnd64Release	Performs an atomic AND operation on the specified LONGLONG values. The operation is performed with release memory access semantics.
InterlockedBitTestAndReset	Tests the specified bit of the specified LONG value and sets it to 0.
InterlockedBitTestAndReset64	Tests the specified bit of the specified LONG64 value and sets it to 0.
InterlockedBitTestAndSet	Tests the specified bit of the specified LONG value and sets it to 1.
InterlockedBitTestAndSet64	Tests the specified bit of the specified LONG64 value and sets it to 1.
InterlockedCompare64Exchange128	Performs an atomic compare-and-exchange operation on the specified values. The function compares the specified 64-bit values and exchanges with the specified 128-bit value based on the outcome of the comparison.
InterlockedCompare64ExchangeAcquire128	Performs an atomic compare-and-exchange operation on the specified values. The function compares the specified 64-bit values and exchanges with the specified 128-bit value based on the outcome of the comparison. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedCompare64ExchangeRelease128	Performs an atomic compare-and-exchange operation on the specified values. The function compares the specified 64-bit values and exchanges with the specified 128-bit value based on the outcome of the comparison. The operation is performed with release memory access semantics.
InterlockedCompareExchange	Performs an atomic compare-and-exchange operation on the specified values. The function compares two specified 32-bit values and exchanges with another 32-bit value based on the outcome of the comparison.
InterlockedCompareExchange64	Performs an atomic compare-and-exchange operation on the specified values. The function compares two specified 64-bit values and exchanges with another 64-bit value based on the outcome of the comparison.
InterlockedCompareExchangeAcquire	Performs an atomic compare-and-exchange operation on the specified values. The function compares two specified 32-bit values and exchanges with another 32-bit value based on the outcome of the comparison. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedCompareExchangeAcquire64	Performs an atomic compare-and-exchange operation on the specified values. The function compares two specified 64-bit values and exchanges with another 64-bit value based on the outcome of the comparison. The exchange is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedCompareExchangePointer	Performs an atomic compare-and-exchange operation on the specified pointer values. The function compares two specified pointer values and exchanges with another pointer value based on the outcome of the comparison.
InterlockedCompareExchangePointerAcquire	Performs an atomic compare-and-exchange operation on the specified pointer values. The function compares two specified pointer values and exchanges with another pointer value based on the outcome of the comparison. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedCompareExchangePointerRelease	Performs an atomic compare-and-exchange operation on the specified pointer values. The function compares two specified pointer values and exchanges with another pointer value based on the outcome of the comparison. The operation is performed with release memory access semantics.
InterlockedCompareExchangeRelease	Performs an atomic compare-and-exchange operation on the specified values. The function compares two specified 32-bit values and exchanges with another 32-bit value based on the outcome of the comparison. The exchange is performed with release memory access semantics.
InterlockedCompareExchangeRelease64	Performs an atomic compare-and-exchange operation on the specified values. The function compares two specified 64-bit values and exchanges with another 64-bit value based on the outcome of the comparison. The exchange is performed with release memory access semantics.
InterlockedDecrement	Decrements (decreases by one) the value of the specified 32-bit variable as an atomic operation.
InterlockedDecrement64	Decrements (decreases by one) the value of the specified 64-bit variable as an atomic operation.
InterlockedDecrementAcquire	Decrements (decreases by one) the value of the specified 32-bit variable as an atomic operation. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedDecrementAcquire64	Decrements (decreases by one) the value of the specified 64-bit variable as an atomic operation. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedDecrementRelease	Decrements (decreases by one) the value of the specified 32-bit variable as an atomic operation. The operation is performed with release memory access semantics.
InterlockedDecrementRelease64	Decrements (decreases by one) the value of the specified 64-bit variable as an atomic operation. The operation is performed with release memory access semantics.
InterlockedExchange	Sets a 32-bit variable to the specified value as an atomic operation.
InterlockedExchange64	Sets a 64-bit variable to the specified value as an atomic operation.
InterlockedExchangeAcquire	Sets a 32-bit variable to the specified value as an atomic operation. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedExchangeAcquire64	Sets a 32-bit variable to the specified value as an atomic operation. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedExchangeAdd	Performs an atomic addition of two 32-bit values.
InterlockedExchangeAdd64	Performs an atomic addition of two 64-bit values.
InterlockedExchangeAddAcquire	Performs an atomic addition of two 32-bit values. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedExchangeAddAcquire64	Performs an atomic addition of two 64-bit values. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedExchangeAddRelease	Performs an atomic addition of two 32-bit values. The operation is performed with release memory access semantics.
InterlockedExchangeAddRelease64	Performs an atomic addition of two 64-bit values. The operation is performed with release memory access semantics.
InterlockedExchangePointer	Atomically exchanges a pair of pointer values.
InterlockedExchangePointerAcquire	Atomically exchanges a pair of pointer values. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedIncrement	Increments (increases by one) the value of the specified 32-bit variable as an atomic operation.
InterlockedIncrement64	Increments (increases by one) the value of the specified 64-bit variable as an atomic operation.
InterlockedIncrementAcquire	Increments (increases by one) the value of the specified 32-bit variable as an atomic operation. The operation is performed using acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedIncrementAcquire64	Increments (increases by one) the value of the specified 64-bit variable as an atomic operation. The operation is performed using acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedIncrementRelease	Increments (increases by one) the value of the specified 32-bit variable as an atomic operation. The operation is performed using release memory access semantics.
InterlockedIncrementRelease64	Increments (increases by one) the value of the specified 64-bit variable as an atomic operation. The operation is performed using release memory access semantics.
InterlockedOr	Performs an atomic OR operation on the specified LONG values.
InterlockedOrAcquire	Performs an atomic OR operation on the specified LONG values. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedOrRelease	Performs an atomic OR operation on the specified LONG values. The operation is performed with release memory access semantics.
InterlockedOr8	Performs an atomic OR operation on the specified char values.
InterlockedOr8Acquire	Performs an atomic OR operation on the specified char values. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedOr8Release	Performs an atomic OR operation on the specified char values. The operation is performed with release memory access semantics.
InterlockedOr16	Performs an atomic OR operation on the specified SHORT values.
InterlockedOr16Acquire	Performs an atomic OR operation on the specified SHORT values. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedOr16Release	Performs an atomic OR operation on the specified SHORT values. The operation is performed with release memory access semantics.
InterlockedOr64	Performs an atomic OR operation on the specified LONGLONG values.
InterlockedOr64Acquire	Performs an atomic OR operation on the specified LONGLONG values. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedOr64Release	Performs an atomic OR operation on the specified LONGLONG values. The operation is performed with release memory access semantics.
InterlockedXor	Performs an atomic XOR operation on the specified LONG values.
InterlockedXorAcquire	Performs an atomic XOR operation on the specified LONG values. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedXorRelease	Performs an atomic XOR operation on the specified LONG values. The operation is performed with release memory access semantics.
InterlockedXor8	Performs an atomic XOR operation on the specified char values.
InterlockedXor8Acquire	Performs an atomic XOR operation on the specified char values. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedXor8Release	Performs an atomic XOR operation on the specified char values. The operation is performed with release memory access semantics.
InterlockedXor16	Performs an atomic XOR operation on the specified SHORT values.
InterlockedXor16Acquire	Performs an atomic XOR operation on the specified SHORT values. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedXor16Release	Performs an atomic XOR operation on the specified SHORT values. The operation is performed with release memory access semantics.
InterlockedXor64	Performs an atomic XOR operation on the specified LONGLONG values.
InterlockedXor64Acquire	Performs an atomic XOR operation on the specified LONGLONG values. The operation is performed with acquire memory access semantics.
InterlockedXor64Release	Performs an atomic XOR operation on the specified LONGLONG values. The operation is performed with release memory access semantics.

链表的互锁函数：

Singly-linked list function	Description
InitializeSListHead	Initializes the head of a singly linked list.
InterlockedFlushSList	Flushes the entire list of items in a singly linked list.
InterlockedPopEntrySList	Removes an item from the front of a singly linked list.
InterlockedPushEntrySList	Inserts an item at the front of a singly linked list.
QueryDepthSList	Retrieves the number of entries in the specified singly linked list.
RtlFirstEntrySList	Retrieves the first entry in a singly linked list.
RtlInitializeSListHead	Initializes the head of a singly linked list. Applications should call InitializeSListHead instead.
RtlInterlockedFlushSList	Flushes the entire list of items in a singly linked list. Applications should call InterlockedFlushSList instead.
RtlInterlockedPopEntrySList	Removes an item from the front of a singly linked list. Applications should call InterlockedPopEntrySList instead.
RtlInterlockedPushEntrySList	Inserts an item at the front of a singly linked list. Applications should call InterlockedPushEntrySList instead.
RtlQueryDepthSList	Retrieves the number of entries in the specified singly linked list. Applications should call QueryDepthSList instead.