基于Alexnet的植物病斑识别

a.准备数据
数据使用的是一个植物病害检测比赛中的数据，选择了四类苹果叶片进行识别，真实数据如下所示：

b.模型结构
本次实验我使用的是Alexnet网络，网络在2012年被提出。网络结构如下：

根据Alexnet网络结构，我使用Keras打印了模型信息如下：

c.代码实现
使用keras实现了Alexnet完整代码，数据放在train和test下，每个文件夹下有四个子文件夹，病害类别标签使用0、1、2、3统一标签。

from keras.preprocessing.image import ImageDataGenerator
from keras.models import Sequential
from keras.layers import Conv2D, MaxPooling2D
from keras.layers import Activation, Dropout, Flatten, Dense
from keras import backend as K


# dimensions of our images.
img_width, img_height = 227, 227

train_data_dir = '/home/p18301116/vgg/corn_data1/traindata/'
validation_data_dir = '/home/p18301116/vgg/corn_data1/vaildationdata/'
nb_train_samples = 2520
nb_validation_samples = 174
epochs = 100
batch_size = 20

if K.image_data_format() == 'channels_first':
    input_shape = (3, img_width, img_height)
else:
    input_shape = (img_width, img_height, 3)
model = Sequential()  
model.add(Conv2D(96,(11,11),strides=(4,4),input_shape=input_shape,padding='valid',activation='relu',kernel_initializer='uniform'))  
model.add(MaxPooling2D(pool_size=(3,3),strides=(2,2)))  
model.add(Conv2D(256,(5,5),strides=(1,1),padding='same',activation='relu',kernel_initializer='uniform'))  
model.add(MaxPooling2D(pool_size=(3,3),strides=(2,2)))  
model.add(Conv2D(384,(3,3),strides=(1,1),padding='same',activation='relu',kernel_initializer='uniform'))  
model.add(Conv2D(384,(3,3),strides=(1,1),padding='same',activation='relu',kernel_initializer='uniform'))  
model.add(Conv2D(256,(3,3),strides=(1,1),padding='same',activation='relu',kernel_initializer='uniform'))  
model.add(MaxPooling2D(pool_size=(3,3),strides=(2,2)))  
model.add(Flatten())  
model.add(Dense(4096,activation='relu'))  
model.add(Dropout(0.5))  
model.add(Dense(4096,activation='relu'))  
model.add(Dropout(0.5))  
model.add(Dense(4,activation='softmax'))  
model.compile(loss='categorical_crossentropy',optimizer='sgd',metrics=['accuracy'])  
model.summary()

# this is the augmentation configuration we will use for training
train_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(
    rescale=1. / 255,
    shear_range=0.2,
    zoom_range=0.2,
    horizontal_flip=True)

# this is the augmentation configuration we will use for testing:
# only rescaling
test_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(rescale=1. / 255)

train_generator = train_datagen.flow_from_directory(
    train_data_dir,
    target_size=(img_width, img_height),
    batch_size=batch_size,
    class_mode='categorical') #多分类

validation_generator = test_datagen.flow_from_directory(
    validation_data_dir,
    target_size=(img_width, img_height),
    batch_size=batch_size,
    class_mode='categorical') #多分类

model.fit_generator(
    train_generator,
    steps_per_epoch=nb_train_samples // batch_size,
    epochs=epochs,
    validation_data=validation_generator,
    validation_steps=nb_validation_samples // batch_size)

训练150次后我们可以得到准确率和loss曲线：