如何在Spring Boot微服务中集成gRPC通讯

最新推荐文章于 2023-10-06 17:39:23 发布

麦神-mirson

最新推荐文章于 2023-10-06 17:39:23 发布

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分类专栏： RPC Spring Cloud 文章标签： spring spring boot java grpc

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/hxx688/article/details/120187172

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一、首先声明gRPC接口

这里引入的是最新的gRpc-core 1.37版本，采用的grcp-spring-boot-starter封装的版本进行实现，github地址：

https://github.com/yidongnan/grpc-spring-boot-starter

要实现gRpc通讯，先定义接口以及入参出参信息

syntax = "proto3";

option java_multiple_files = true;
option java_package = "com.grpc.spring.api.order";
option java_outer_classname = "OrderServiceProto";

// The service definition.
service OrderService {
    // The service method
    rpc GetOrderInfo (GetOrderRequest) returns (GetOrderReply) {
    }
}

// The request message
message GetOrderRequest {
    string orderNo = 1;
}

// The response message
message GetOrderReply {
    string orderNo = 1;
    string userName = 2;
    string address = 3;
    int64 price = 4;
}

定义好之后，就需要通过protoc工具，生成对应的JAVA代码。

为便于使用，这里封装了bat脚本，并提供了对应的protoc执行程序。
```
@echo off
for %%i in (proto/*.proto) do (
  d:/TestCode/protoc.exe --plugin=protoc-gen-grpc-java=d:/TestCode/protoc-grpc.exe --java_out=../java --grpc-java_out=../java ./proto/%%i
  echo generate %%i to java file successfully!
)
```
该脚本意思，会扫描当前proto目录下的所有proto脚本文件，通过protoc-grpc插件，在指定目录下生成gRpc通讯接口的JAVA代码。
生成后的JAVA代码

执行成功后，会生成GPRC通讯接口，入参和出参信息。

二、如何在服务端集成gRPC

首先整理配置好POM依赖，这里将共用的依赖抽取到父级POM文件中。

父级POM依赖：

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- spring boot grpc 依赖 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>net.devh</groupId>
        <artifactId>grpc-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>${gprc.spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- jackson -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
        <version>${jackson.verson}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
        <version>${jackson.verson}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
        <version>${jackson.verson}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- lombok 插件， 简化开发代码 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <optional>true</optional>
        <version>1.18.8</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.grpc.spring</groupId>
            <artifactId>grpc-spring-api</artifactId>
            <version>${grpc.api.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.boot.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.boot.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>2020.0.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>2021.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

服务端POM配置

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>net.devh</groupId>
        <artifactId>grpc-server-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>${gprc.spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.grpc.spring</groupId>
        <artifactId>grpc-spring-api</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.2</version>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

作为服务端，需要加入gRpc服务端的依赖grpc-server-spring-boot-starter，同时引入eureka，可以实现微服务之间的调用以及负载。

服务端接口实现

这里为作测试验证，定义个订单服务接口， GrpcOrderService：

/**
 * 订单服务接口实现
 */
@GrpcService
public class GrpcOrderService extends OrderServiceGrpc.OrderServiceImplBase {

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @Override
    public void getOrderInfo(GetOrderRequest request, StreamObserver<GetOrderReply> responseObserver) {
        GetOrderReply reply =GetOrderReply.newBuilder().setOrderNo(request.getOrderNo())
                .setAddress("广东省深圳市,端口号" + serverPort)
                .setUserName("tester")
                .setPrice(System.currentTimeMillis())
                .build();
        responseObserver.onNext(reply);
        responseObserver.onCompleted();
    }
}

要实现gRpc服务端接口，必须做声明，采用@GrpcService注解，然后继承gRpc生成的接口OrderServiceGrpc，重新getOrderInfo获取订单信息接口，实现具体的处理逻辑。

服务端的配置

application.yml

server:
  port: 18082
spring:
  application:
    name: grpc-spring-server
grpc:
  server:
    port: 0
eureka:
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetch-registry: false
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname:eureka.kyeapi.com}:${eureka.server.port:18761}/eureka/

服务端的gRpc端口配置为0代表随机分配， gRpc服务信息会注册至eureka。

三、如何在客户单集成gRPC：

客户端的POM依赖配置

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.grpc.spring</groupId>
        <artifactId>grpc-spring-api</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>net.devh</groupId>
        <artifactId>grpc-client-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>${gprc.spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 添加 Spring Boot 依赖 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.2</version>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

加入提供的客户端依赖grpc-client-spring-boot-starter，这里注意，添加的eureka-client依赖，要排除servlet-api，以免启动冲突。

客户端调用实现

GrpcOrderClientService：

/**
 *  订单信息获取客户端接口
 */
@Service
@Log4j2
public class GrpcOrderClientService {

    @GrpcClient("grpc-server")
    private OrderServiceGrpc.OrderServiceBlockingStub orderServiceBlockingStub;

    /**
     * 获取订单信息
     * @param orderNo
     * @return
     */
    public String getOrderInfo(String orderNo) {
        try {
            //将远程调用的Grpc服务端接口信息, 返回给客户端。
            GetOrderRequest request  = GetOrderRequest.newBuilder().setOrderNo(orderNo).build();
            final GetOrderReply response = orderServiceBlockingStub.getOrderInfo(request);
            String result = "orderNo: " + response.getOrderNo() + ", userName: " + response.getUserName() + ", address: " + response.getAddress();
            return result;
        }catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
            return "error! " + e.getMessage();
        }
    }
}

这里通过@GrpcClient注解，引入gRpc接口，这里的gRpc服务端名称grpc-server要与配置文件的名称保持一致。

客户端配置

application.yml

server:
  port: 18080
spring:
  application:
    name: grpc-spring-client
grpc:
  client:
    grpc-server:
      address: 'discovery:///grpc-spring-server'
      enableKeepAlive: true
      keepAliveWithoutCalls: true
      negotiationType: plaintext
eureka:
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true
    status-page-url-path: /actuator/info
    health-check-url-path: /actuator/health
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false
    fetch-registry: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname:eureka.kyeapi.com}:${eureka.server.port:18761}/eureka/