【设计模式】——观察者模式（11）

一、定义

观察者模式定义了一种一对多的依赖关系，让多个观察者同时监听某一个主题对象，这个主题对象在状态发生变化时会通知所有观察者对象，使他们能够更新自己。

二、框架运用

现实中我们监听MQ消息并消费的模式使用的就是观察者模式

三、实战

1、观察者

public interface Observer {
    void update();
}

public class ConcreteObserver implements Observer {
    private String name;
    private String state;
    private ConcreteSubject concreteSubject;

    public ConcreteObserver( ConcreteSubject concreteSubject,String name) {
        this.concreteSubject = concreteSubject;
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public void update() {
        state = concreteSubject.getState();
        System.out.println("观察者"+name+"的新状态是"+state);
    }
}

2、通知者

public abstract class Subject {
    private List<Observer> observers = new ArrayList<>();

    public void Attach(Observer observer){
        observers.add(observer);
    }

    public void Detach(Observer observer){
        observers.remove(observer);
    }

    public void  notifyObserver(){
        observers.forEach(Observer::update);
    }
}


public class ConcreteSubject extends Subject {
    private  String state;

    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }

    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
}

3、执行类

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConcreteSubject concreteSubject = new ConcreteSubject();
        concreteSubject.Attach(new ConcreteObserver(concreteSubject,"A"));
        concreteSubject.Attach(new ConcreteObserver(concreteSubject,"B"));
        concreteSubject.Attach(new ConcreteObserver(concreteSubject,"C"));

        concreteSubject.setState("停止");
        concreteSubject.notifyObserver();
    }
}

4、结果

Connected to the target VM, address: '127.0.0.1:54539', transport: 'socket'
观察者A的新状态是停止
观察者B的新状态是停止
观察者C的新状态是停止
Disconnected from the target VM, address: '127.0.0.1:54539', transport: 'socket'