数据库复习（一） 数据、数据库、文件系统

数据、数据库、数据库管理系统、数据库系统

from wiki:In computing, a database is an organized collection of data stored and accessed electronically. Small databases can be stored on a file system, while large databases are hosted on computer clusters or cloud storage. The design of databases spans formal techniques and practical considerations including data modeling, efficient data representation and storage, query languages, security and privacy of sensitive data, and distributed computing issues including supporting concurrent access and fault tolerance.

A database management system (DBMS) is the software that interacts with end users, applications, and the database itself to capture and analyze the data. The DBMS software additionally encompasses the core facilities provided to administer the database. The sum total of the database, the DBMS and the associated applications can be referred to as a database system. Often the term “database” is also used loosely to refer to any of the DBMS, the database system or an application associated with the database.

数据：

可以对数据做如下定义：描述事物的符号记录称为数据。描述事物的符号可以是数字，也可以是文字、图形、图像、音频、视频等，数据有多种表现形式，它们都可以经过数字化后存入计算机。

数据库（Database）：

存放数据的仓库，这个仓库是在计算机存储设备上，而且数据是一定的格式存放的。 严格地讲，数据库是长期储存在计算机内、有组织的、可共享的大量数据的集合。数据库中的数据