算法导论红黑树的C++实现

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按照算法导论里的红黑树伪代码用C++实现了一下,
并附带一些测试代码。

#include <iostream>
#include <utility>
using namespace std;
enum Color{RED,BLACK};//颜色标记
template<class T>
class Binary_Tree_Node//红黑树节点
{
public:
	Binary_Tree_Node()
	{
		parent=NULL;
		leftchild=NULL;
		rightchild=NULL;
		C=BLACK;
	}
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * parent;//*/父节点*/
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * leftchild;//左子树
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * rightchild;//后子树
	T Key;//键值
	Color C;//颜色标记


};
template<class T>
class Binary_Tree//红黑树结构
{
public:
	Binary_Tree()
	{
		root =NULL;
	}
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * root;//根节点
};
template<class T>
void Inorder_Tree_Walk( Binary_Tree_Node<T> * A)//顺序打印树
{
	if (A!=NULL)
	{
		Inorder_Tree_Walk(A->leftchild);
		cout<<A->Key<<"  ";
		Inorder_Tree_Walk(A->rightchild);
	}
}
template<class T>
Binary_Tree_Node<T> * Tree_Search( Binary_Tree_Node<T> * A,const T & Search_Key)//递归查找
{
	if (A==NULL||A->Key==Search_Key)
	{
		return A;
	}
	if (A->Key<Search_Key)
	{
		return Tree_Search(A->rightchild,Search_Key);
	}
	else
	{
		return Tree_Search(A->leftchild,Search_Key);
	}
}
template<class T>
Binary_Tree_Node<T> * Interative_Tree_Search( Binary_Tree_Node<T> * A,const T   & Search_Key )//非递归查找
{
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * temp=A;
	while(temp!=NULL&& temp->Key!=Search_Key)
	{

		if (temp->Key<Search_Key)
		{
			temp=temp->leftchild;
		}
		else
		{
			temp=temp->rightchild;
		}
	}
	return temp;
}
template<class T>
Binary_Tree_Node<T> * Tree_Min(Binary_Tree_Node<T> * A)//求节点下的最小值
{
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * temp=A;
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * tempRt=NULL;
	while (temp!=NULL)
	{
		tempRt=temp;
		temp=temp->leftchild;
	}
	return tempRt;
}
template<class T>
Binary_Tree_Node<T> * Tree_Max(Binary_Tree_Node<T> * B)//求节点下的最大值
{
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * temp=B;
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * tempRt=NULL;
	while(temp!=NULL)
	{
		tempRt=temp;
		temp=temp->rightchild;
	}
	return tempRt;
}
template<class T>
Binary_Tree_Node<T> * Successor(Binary_Tree_Node<T> * A)//求比节点的大的后一个值
{
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * temp=A;
	if (temp!=NULL)
	{
		if (temp->rightchild!=NULL)
		{
			return Tree_Min(temp->rightchild);
		}
		Binary_Tree_Node<T> * y=temp->parent;
		while(y!=NULL && temp==y->rightchild)
		{
			temp=y;
			y=y->parent;
		}
		return y;
	}
	else
	{
		return temp;
	}
}
template<class T> 
Binary_Tree_Node<T> * Predecessor(Binary_Tree_Node<T> * A)//求比节点小的前一个值
{
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * temp=A;
	if (temp!=NULL)
	{
		if (temp->leftchild!=NULL)
		{
			return Tree_Max(temp->leftchild);
		}
		Binary_Tree_Node<T> * y=temp->parent;
		while(y!=NULL && temp==y->leftchild)
		{
			temp=y;
			y=y->parent;
		}
		return y;
	}
	else
	{
		return temp;
	}
}
template<class T>
void RB_Tree_Insert(Binary_Tree<T> & Tree,const T & InsertKey)//红黑树插入
{
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * y=NULL;
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * x=Tree.root;
	while(x!=NULL)
	{
		y=x;
		if (x->Key<InsertKey)
		{
			x=x->rightchild;
		}
		else
		{
			x=x->leftchild;
		}
	}
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * NewNode=new Binary_Tree_Node<T>;
	NewNode->Key=InsertKey;
	NewNode->parent=y;
	if (y==NULL)
	{
		Tree.root=NewNode;
	}
	else
	{
		if (y->Key<InsertKey)
		{
			y->rightchild=NewNode;
		}
		else
		{
			y->leftchild=NewNode;
		}
	}
	NewNode->C=RED;
	RB_Tree_Insert_Fixup(Tree,NewNode);//插入后修复红黑树属性

}
template<class T>
void RB_Tree_Insert_Fixup(Binary_Tree<T> & Tree,Binary_Tree_Node<T> * NewNode)
{
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * Z=NULL;
	/*Binary_Tree_Node<T> Nil;*/
	Z=NewNode;
	while(Z->parent!=NULL&&Z->parent->C==RED)
	{
		Binary_Tree_Node<T> * y=NULL;
		if (Z->parent==Z->parent->parent->leftchild)
		{
			y=Z->parent->parent->rightchild;
			if (y!=NULL&&y->C==RED)
			{
				y->C=BLACK;
				Z->parent->C=BLACK;
				Z->parent->parent->C=RED;
				Z=Z->parent->parent;
				continue;
			}
			else
			{

				if (Z==Z->parent->rightchild)
				{
					Z=Z->parent;
					Left_Roation(Tree,Z);
					continue;
				}
				else
				{
					Z->parent->C=BLACK;
					Z->parent->parent->C=RED;
					Right_Roation(Tree,Z->parent->parent);
				}
			}
		}
		else 
		{
			y=Z->parent->parent->leftchild;
			if (y!=NULL&&y->C==RED)
			{
				y->C=BLACK;
				Z->parent->C=BLACK;
				Z->parent->parent->C=RED;
				Z=Z->parent->parent;
				continue;
			}
			else
			{
				if (Z==Z->parent->leftchild)
				{
					Z=Z->parent;
					Right_Roation(Tree,Z);
					continue;
				}
				else
				{
					Z->parent->C=BLACK;
					Z->parent->parent->C=RED;
					Left_Roation(Tree,Z->parent->parent);
				}
			}
		}
	}
	Tree.root->C=BLACK;
}
template<class T>
void Tree_Insert(Binary_Tree<T> & Tree,const T & InsertKey)//普通二叉树插入
{
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * y=NULL;
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * x=Tree.root;
	while(x!=NULL)
	{
		y=x;
		if (x->Key<InsertKey)
		{
			x=x->rightchild;
		}
		else
		{
			x=x->leftchild;
		}
	}
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * NewNode=new Binary_Tree_Node<T>;
	NewNode->Key=InsertKey;
	NewNode->parent=y;
	if (y==NULL)
	{
		Tree.root=NewNode;
	}
	else
	{
		if (y->Key<InsertKey)
		{
			y->rightchild=NewNode;
		}
		else
		{
			y->leftchild=NewNode;
		}
	}
	return ;
}
template<class T>
void RB_Tree_Delete(Binary_Tree<T> & Tree,Binary_Tree_Node<T> * DeleteNode)//红黑树删除
{
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * tempDeleteNode=DeleteNode;
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * y=NULL;
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * x=NULL;
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> Nil;//本地临时的Nil
	if (tempDeleteNode!=NULL)
	{
		if (tempDeleteNode->leftchild==NULL
			||tempDeleteNode->rightchild==NULL)
		{
			y=tempDeleteNode;
		}
		else
		{
			y=Successor(tempDeleteNode);
		}
		if (y->leftchild!=NULL)
		{
			x=y->leftchild;
		}
		else
		{
			x=y->rightchild;
		}
		if (x==NULL)
		{
			x=&Nil;//x为null 则赋值为nil的指针;.
		}
		x->parent=y->parent;
		if (y->parent==NULL)
		{
			Tree.root=x;
		}
		else if (y==y->parent->leftchild)
		{
			y->parent->leftchild=x;
		}
		else
		{
			y->parent->rightchild=x;
		}
		if (y!=DeleteNode)
		{
			DeleteNode->Key=y->Key;
		}
		if (y->C==BLACK)
		{
			RB_Tree_Delete_FixUp(Tree,x);//修复红黑树属性
		}
		if (Nil.parent!=NULL)//将临时插入的nil还原为null指针
		{
			if (&Nil==Nil.parent->leftchild)
			{
				Nil.parent->leftchild=NULL;
			}
			else if (&Nil==Nil.parent->rightchild)
			{
				Nil.parent->rightchild=NULL;
			}
		}
		if (Tree.root==&Nil)
		{
			Tree.root=NULL;
		}
		delete y;
		return;

	}
	else
	{
		return ;
	}
}
template<class T>
void RB_Tree_Delete_FixUp(Binary_Tree<T> & Tree,Binary_Tree_Node<T> * x)
{
	while(x!=Tree.root&&x->C==BLACK)
	{
		Binary_Tree_Node<T> * w=NULL;
		if (x==x->parent->leftchild)
		{
			w=x->parent->rightchild;
			if (w!=NULL&&w->C==RED)
			{
				w->C=BLACK;
				x->parent->C=RED;
				Left_Roation(Tree,x->parent);
				w=x->parent->rightchild;
			}
			if (w==NULL||(w!=NULL&&(w->leftchild==NULL||w->leftchild->C==BLACK)
				&&(w->rightchild==NULL||w->rightchild->C==BLACK)))
			{
				if (w!=NULL)
				{
					w->C=RED;
				}
				x=x->parent;
				continue;
			}
			else if(w->rightchild==NULL||w->rightchild->C==BLACK)
			{
				w->C=RED;
				w->leftchild->C=BLACK;
				Right_Roation(Tree,w);
				w=x->parent->rightchild;
			}
			w->C=x->parent->C;
			x->parent->C=BLACK;
			w->rightchild->C=BLACK;
			Left_Roation(Tree,x->parent);
			x=Tree.root;
		}
		else
		{
			w=x->parent->leftchild;
			if (w!=NULL&&w->C==RED)
			{
				w->C=BLACK;
				x->parent->C=RED;
				Right_Roation(Tree,x->parent);
				w=x->parent->leftchild;
			}
			if (w==NULL||(w!=NULL&&(w->leftchild==NULL||w->leftchild->C==BLACK)
				&&(w->rightchild==NULL||w->rightchild->C==BLACK)))
			{
				if (w!=NULL)
				{
					w->C=RED;
				}
				x=x->parent;
				continue;
			}
			else if (w->leftchild==NULL||w->leftchild->C==BLACK)
			{
				w->C=RED;
				w->rightchild->C=BLACK;
				Left_Roation(Tree,w);
				w=x->parent->leftchild;
			}
			w->C=x->parent->C;
			x->parent->C=BLACK;
			w->leftchild->C=BLACK;
			Right_Roation(Tree,x->parent);
			x=Tree.root;
		}
	}
	x->C=BLACK;
	return;
}
template<class T>
void Tree_Delete(Binary_Tree<T> & Tree,Binary_Tree_Node<T> * DeleteNode)//普通二叉树删除
{
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * tempDeleteNode=DeleteNode;
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * y=NULL;
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * x=NULL;
	if (tempDeleteNode!=NULL)
	{
		if (tempDeleteNode->leftchild==NULL
			||tempDeleteNode->rightchild==NULL)
		{
			y=tempDeleteNode;
		}
		else
		{
			y=Successor(tempDeleteNode);
		}
		if (y->leftchild!=NULL)
		{
			x=y->leftchild;
		}
		else
		{
			x=y->rightchild;
		}
		if (x!=NULL)
		{
			x->parent=y->parent;
		}
		if (y->parent==NULL)
		{
			Tree.root=x;
		}
		else if (y==y->parent->leftchild)
		{
			y->parent->leftchild=x;
		}
		else
		{
			y->parent->rightchild=x;
		}
		if (y!=DeleteNode)
		{
			DeleteNode->Key=y->Key;
		}
		delete y;
		return;

	}
	else
	{
		return ;
	}
}
template<class T>
void Left_Roation(Binary_Tree<T> & Tree,Binary_Tree_Node<T> * Node)//左旋
{
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * y=NULL;
	y=Node->rightchild;
	if (y!=NULL)
	{
		if (y->leftchild!=NULL)
		{
			Node->rightchild=y->leftchild;
			y->leftchild->parent=Node;
		}
		else
		{
			Node->rightchild=NULL;
		}
		y->parent=Node->parent;
		if (Node->parent==NULL)
		{
			Tree.root=y;
		}
		else
		{
			if (Node->parent->leftchild==Node)
			{
				Node->parent->leftchild=y;
			}
			else
			{
				Node->parent->rightchild=y;
			}
		}
		y->leftchild=Node;
		Node->parent=y;
	}
	return;
}
template<class T>
void Right_Roation(Binary_Tree<T> & Tree,Binary_Tree_Node<T> * Node)//右旋
{
	Binary_Tree_Node<T> * y=NULL;
	y=Node->leftchild;
	if (y!=NULL)
	{
		if (y->rightchild!=NULL)
		{
			Node->leftchild=y->rightchild;
			y->rightchild->parent=Node;
		}
		else
		{
			Node->leftchild=NULL;
		}
		y->parent=Node->parent;
		if (Node->parent==NULL)
		{
			Tree.root=y;
		}
		else
		{
			if (Node->parent->leftchild==Node)
			{
				Node->parent->leftchild=y;
			}
			else
			{
				Node->parent->rightchild=y;
			}
		}
		y->rightchild=Node;
		Node->parent=y;
	}
	return;
}
#include <algorithm>
int * randIntGernate(int Num,bool output=true)//生成随机测试数组
{
	if (Num<=0)
	{
		return NULL;
	}
	int * RT=new int[Num];
	for (int i=0;i<Num;i++)
	{
		RT[i]=i;
	}
	random_shuffle(RT,RT+Num);
	//
	if (output)
	{
		cout<<"gernate rand "<<Num<<" Int array:"
			<<endl;
		for (int i=0;i<Num;i++)
		{
			cout<<RT[i]<<" ";
		}
		cout<<endl;
	}

	//
	return RT;	
}

#include <utility>
typedef pair<int,int> count_Pair;
template<class T>
void count_Path_Color(Binary_Tree_Node<T> * Node,count_Pair PathCount=count_Pair(0,0))
//打印红黑树的节点分布情况,检测红黑树是否正确
{
	if (Node!=NULL)
	{
		if (Node->C==RED)
		{
			PathCount.first++;
		}
		else
		{
			PathCount.second++;
		}
		count_Path_Color(Node->leftchild,PathCount);
		count_Path_Color(Node->rightchild,PathCount);
	}
	else
	{
		PathCount.second++;
		cout<<"RED:  "<<PathCount.first<<"  BLACK:  "<<PathCount.second<<endl;
	}
}
#include <string>
template<class T> 
void Print_Tree(Binary_Tree_Node<T> * Node, string s ="")//递归打印一颗树
{
	cout<<s;
	if (Node!=NULL)
	{
		if (Node->leftchild==NULL&&Node->rightchild==NULL)
		{
			cout<<Node->Key<<"_"<<(Node->C==RED?'R':'B')<<endl;//leaf
			return;
		}
		cout<<Node->Key<<"_"<<(Node->C==RED?'R':'B')<<" :[";
		Inorder_Tree_Walk(Node);
		cout<<"]"<<endl;
		//
		Print_Tree(Node->leftchild,s+"|  ");
		Print_Tree(Node->rightchild,s+"   ");
	}
	else
	{
		cout<<"NULL_B\r\n";
	}
}
void doTest(bool output=true)//测试
{
	while(1)
	{
		cout<<"How many nodes do you want the RB_Tree to have"<<endl;
		int num;
		cin>>num;
		int * arrayInt=randIntGernate(num,output);//随机化一个数组,填充红黑树
		Binary_Tree<int> tttt;
		for (int i=0;i<num;i++)
		{
			RB_Tree_Insert(tttt,arrayInt[i]);
		}
		delete [] arrayInt;
		Print_Tree(tttt.root);
		cout<<endl;
		count_Path_Color(tttt.root);
		while(1)
		{
			cout<<"Please chose an operator \r\n0:search\r\n1:delete\r\n2:insert\r\n-1:new RB_Tree\r\n";
			int a;
			cin>>a;
			if (a==-1)//新的树
			{
				break;
			}
			if (a==0)//查询
			{
				cout<<"please input the number to be searched:"<<endl;
				int number;
				cin>>number;
				Binary_Tree_Node<int> * find=Tree_Search(tttt.root,number);
				if (find!=NULL)
				{
					cout<<"find "<<number<<endl;
				}
				else
				{
					cout<<"can not find "<<number<<endl;
				}
			}
			if (a==1)//删除
			{
				cout<<"please input the number to be deleted:"<<endl;
				int number;
				cin>>number;
				Binary_Tree_Node<int> * find=Tree_Search(tttt.root,number);
				if (find==NULL)
				{
					cout<<number<<" not exist"<<endl;
				}
				cout<<"before delete"<<endl;
				Print_Tree(tttt.root);
				cout<<endl;
				count_Path_Color(tttt.root);
				cout<<endl;
				RB_Tree_Delete(tttt,find);
				cout<<"after delete "<<endl;
				Print_Tree(tttt.root);
				cout<<endl;
				count_Path_Color(tttt.root);
				cout<<endl;
			}
			else if (a==2)//插入
			{

				cout<<endl;
				cout<<"Please input the number to be inserted:"<<endl;
				int Num;
				cin>>Num;
				cout<<"before insert "<<endl;
				Print_Tree(tttt.root);
				cout<<endl;
				count_Path_Color(tttt.root);
				cout<<endl;
				RB_Tree_Insert(tttt,Num);
				cout<<"after insert:"<<Num<<endl;
				Print_Tree(tttt.root);
				cout<<endl;
				count_Path_Color(tttt.root);
				cout<<endl;
			}
		}

	}

}


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