SpringMVC学习笔记

最新推荐文章于 2022-10-20 22:31:03 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-10-20 22:31:03 发布

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WEBAPP基础

通过url找到对应的servlet

<!--注册servlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.han.servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

servlet用来处理请求方法（常用的method：get、post）

public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        /* http://localhost:8080/hello?method=delete */
        //1、获取参数
        String method = req.getParameter("method");
        if("add".equals(method)){
            req.getSession().setAttribute("msg","执行了add方法");
        } else if("delete".equals(method)){
            req.getSession().setAttribute("msg","执行了delete方法");
        }
        //2、调用业务层
        //3、视图转发或重定向
        req.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/test.jsp").forward(req,resp);// '/'开头的是绝对路径从根目录开始
//        resp.sendRedirect();
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

会话（Session）跟踪是Web程序中常用的技术，用来跟踪用户的整个会话。常用的会话跟踪技术是Cookie与Session。Cookie通过在客户端记录信息确定用户身份，Session通过在服务器端记录信息确定用户身份。

SpringMVC

基础SpringMVC Demo

核心servlet：所有请求的servlet都统一让DispatcherServlet来分发调度，统一管理servlet

web.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <!--注册DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!--DispatcherServlet要绑定的配置文件 -->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!--启动级别 1-->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <!-- / 匹配所有的请求（不包括.jsp）-->
    <!-- /* 匹配所有的请求（包括.jsp）-->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

SpringMVC原理图

Spring的web框架围绕DispatcherServlet设计。DispatcherServlet的作用是将请求分发到不同的处理器。

配置文件：springmvc-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <!--写死-->
    
    <!-- 处理器映射器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>
    <!-- 处理器适配器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/>
    
    <!--处理器视图解析器DispatcherServlet提供的ModelAndView
    1、获取了ModelAndView的数据
    2、解析ModelAndView的视图名字
    3、拼接视图名字，找到对应的视图   /WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp
    4、将数据渲染到这个视图上
    -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--前缀-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <!--后缀-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
    
    <!--注入controller；id为请求地址-->
    <bean id="/hello" class="com.han.controller.HelloController"/>

</beans>

HelloController

package com.han.controller;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class HelloController implements Controller {

    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws Exception {
        //ModeAndView 模型和视图
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        //封装对象，放在ModelAndView中 这个应该是类似于JSON对象
        mv.addObject("msg","HelloSpringMVC!");
        //封装要跳转的视图，放在ModelAndView中
        mv.setViewName("hello"); //通过视图解析器解析成: /WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp
        return mv;
    }
}

@RequestMapping

注解变体

@GetMapping
@PostMapping
@PutMapping
@DeleteMapping
@PatchMapping

指定method

@RequestMapping(path = "url地址",method = RequestMethod.GET)

Annotation（注解）开发

@Component

自动将类对象注入到IOC容器中，其中@Controller（控制层）、@Service（业务层）、@Repository（dao层）均继承至它

配置文件：springmvc-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!-- 自动扫描包，让指定包下的注解生效,全部注入IOC容器由IOC容器统一管理 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.han.controller"/>
    <!-- 让Spring MVC不处理静态资源 -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />
    <!--
    支持mvc注解驱动
        在spring中一般采用@RequestMapping注解来完成映射关系
        要想使@RequestMapping注解生效
        必须向上下文中注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping（处理器映射器）
        和一个AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter（处理器适配器）实例
        这两个实例分别在类级别和方法级别处理。
        而annotation-driven配置帮助我们自动完成上述两个实例的注入。
     -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    <!-- 视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
          id="internalResourceViewResolver">
        <!-- 前缀 -->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <!-- 后缀 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>

</beans>

HelloController

@RequestMapping 以客户端请求method为get来处理

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/HelloController") 
public class HelloController {
    //真实访问地址 : 域名/HelloController/hello
    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String sayHello(Model model){
        //向模型中添加属性msg与值，可以在JSP页面中取出并渲染
        model.addAttribute("msg","hello,SpringMVC");
        //web-inf/jsp/hello.jsp
        return "hello";
    }
}

Controller层的各种形式

视图复用

@Controller
public class HelloController {

    @RequestMapping("/t1")
    public String test1 (Model model){
        model.addAttribute("msg","Hello!test1");
        return "test";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/t2")
    public String test2 (Model model){
        model.addAttribute("msg","Hello!test2");
        return "test";
    }

}

不依赖视图解析器（转发与重定向）

@Controller
public class ModelTest {

    //无需视图解析器的转发与重定向
    @RequestMapping("m1")
    public String test1(Model model){

        model.addAttribute("msg","ModelTest1");
        return "/WEB-INF/jsp/test.jsp";//转发1
    }
    @RequestMapping("m2")
    public String test2(Model model){
        
        model.addAttribute("msg","中文：ModelTest2");
        return "forward:/WEB-INF/jsp/test.jsp";//转发2
    }
    @RequestMapping("m3")
    public String test3(Model model){

        model.addAttribute("msg","ModelTest3");
        return "redirect:/index.jsp";//重定向
    }

    //需视图解析器的转发与重定向
    @RequestMapping("m4")
    public String test4(Model model){

        model.addAttribute("msg","ModelTest4");
        return "test";//转发
    }
    @RequestMapping("m5")
    public String test5(Model model){

        model.addAttribute("msg","中文：ModelTest5");
        return "redirect:m4";//重定向到m4
    }

}

RESTful风格Controller

@Controller
public class RESTfulController {
    //原来的：http://localhost:8080/add?a=1&b=2
    @RequestMapping("/add")
    public String test1(int a,int b,Model model){
        int res = a + b;
        model.addAttribute("msg",res);
        return "test";
    }

    //RESTful: http://localhost:8080/add/1/2
	//@RequestMapping(path = "/add/{a}/{b}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    @GetMapping("/add/{a}/{b}")
    public String test2(@PathVariable int a,@PathVariable int b, Model model){
        int res = a+b;
        model.addAttribute("msg",res);
        return "test";
    }
}

返回JSON对象

json本质是字符串

统一解决乱码

    <mvc:annotation-driven>
        <!--统一解决了乱码-->
        <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
                <constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/>
            </bean>
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
                <property name="objectMapper">
                    <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperFactoryBean">
                        <property name="failOnEmptyBeans" value="false"/>
                    </bean>
                </property>
            </bean>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>

Controller

@ResponseBody 会跳过视图解析器，直接返回一个字符串

/*
返回json字符串统一解决：
    在类上直接使用 @RestController ，这样子，里面所有的方法都只会返回 json 字符串了，不用再每一个都添加@ResponseBody ！
我们在前后端分离开发中，一般都使用 @RestController ，十分便捷！
*/
@Controller
@RestController
public class UserController {

    //解决乱码老办法：produces = "application/json;charset=utf-8"
    //新办法可以直接配置SpringMVC来处理
    @RequestMapping(value = "/j1",produces = "application/json;charset=utf-8")
    @ResponseBody   //会跳过视图解析器，直接返回一个字符串
    public String test1(){
        return new User("韩艺松j1","男",3).toString();
    }

    //对象转json
    @RequestMapping(value = "/j2")
    @ResponseBody   //已经有@RestController,@ResponseBody可有可无
    public String test2() throws JsonProcessingException {
        User user = new User("韩艺松j2","男",3);
        //创建一个jackson的对象映射器，用来解析数据
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        //将我们的对象解析成为json格式
        String str = mapper.writeValueAsString(user);
        //由于@ResponseBody注解，这里会将str转成json格式返回；十分方便
        return str;
    }

    //list转json map转json 结论：json本质就是个字符串
    @RequestMapping(value = "/j3")
    public String test3() throws JsonProcessingException {
        List list = new ArrayList<User>();
        Map map = new HashMap<User,Integer>();

        for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++){
            map.put(new User("韩艺松"+i,"男",3),i);
            list.add(new User("韩艺松"+i,"男",3));
        }
        //创建一个jackson的对象映射器，用来解析数据
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        //将我们的对象解析成为json格式
        String str = mapper.writeValueAsString(list);
        String mapStr = mapper.writeValueAsString(map);
        //由于@ResponseBody注解，这里会将str转成json格式返回；十分方便
        return str;
    }

    //时间转json jackson默认时间会转为时间差格式，所以要改成"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"格式
    @RequestMapping(value = "/j4")
    @ResponseBody   //已经有@RestController,@ResponseBody可有可无
    public String test4() throws JsonProcessingException {
        Date date = new Date();
        String str = Time2JsonUtil.getJson(date);
        return str;
    }

}

时间格式转化工具类

类名的2等同于to，这里为了偷懒写成2

public class Time2JsonUtil {
    public static String getJson(Object o){
        return getJson(o,"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
    }
    public static String getJson(Object o,String dateFormat){
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        //不使用时间差的方式
        mapper.configure(SerializationFeature.WRITE_DATES_AS_TIMESTAMPS,false);
        //自定义日期格式对象
        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(dateFormat);
        mapper.setDateFormat(sdf);
        String str = null;
        try {
            str = mapper.writeValueAsString(o);
        } catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return str;
    }
}

整合Spring、SpringMVC、Mybatis（SSM，一定要烂熟于❤）

database.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=UTC
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=1234

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <!-- 这里的配置均可通过mybatis-spring配置，所以可写可不写 -->
    <typeAliases>
        <!-- 设置别名后com.han.pojo.User在Mapper中写User就可 -->
        <package name="com.han.pojo"/> 
    </typeAliases>
    <mappers>
        <!-- 获得Mapper配置文件 -->
        <mapper resource="com/han/dao/BookMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>

</configuration>

整合spring配置文件applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <import resource="spring/spring-dao.xml"/>
    <import resource="spring/spring-service.xml"/>
    <import resource="spring/spring-mvc.xml"/>

</beans>

spring-dao.xml

mapper实例获得过程

读取database.properties信息
通过c3p0获得数据库连接池dataSource
配置SqlSessionFactoryBean（dataSource : dataSource、configLocation : mybatis-config.xml）获得SqlSessionFactory
配置扫描Dao接口( MapperScannerConfigurer )，注入sqlSessionFactory和basePackage（需要扫描的Dao接口位置），动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中
获得mapper

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 配置整合mybatis -->
    <!-- 1.关联数据库文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>

    <!-- 2.数据库连接池 -->
    <!--数据库连接池
        dbcp 半自动化操作 不能自动连接
        c3p0 自动化操作（自动的加载配置文件 并且设置到对象里面）
    -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!-- 配置连接池属性 -->
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>

        <!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
        <!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
        <!-- 获取连接超时时间 -->
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
        <!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!-- 配置MyBatis全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml -->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 -->
    <!--解释 ：https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/7799806.html-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.han.dao"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
   https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
    <!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解驱动 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean，注入到IOC容器中 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.han.controller" />

</beans>

spring-service.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 扫描service相关的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.han.service" />

    <!--BookServiceImpl注入到IOC容器中-->
    <bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.han.service.BookServiceImpl">
        <!--ref="bookMapper" 这个bookMapper是通过MapperScannerConfigurer自动获得的-->
        <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    </bean>

</beans>

Java代码

controller

BookController

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {

    @Autowired  //自动注入
    @Qualifier("BookServiceImpl") //指定bean id
    private BookService bookService;

    @RequestMapping("/allBook")
    public String list(Model model) {
        List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
        model.addAttribute("list", list);
        return "allBook";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
    public String toAddPaper() {
        return "addBook";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/addBook")
    public String addPaper(Books books) {
        System.out.println(books);
        bookService.addBook(books);
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")
    public String toUpdateBook(Model model, int id) {
        Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);
        System.out.println(books);
        model.addAttribute("book",books );
        return "updateBook";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/updateBook")
    public String updateBook(Model model, Books book) {
        System.out.println(book);
        bookService.updateBook(book);
        Books books = bookService.queryBookById(book.getBookID());
        model.addAttribute("books", books);
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/del/{bookId}")
    public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookId") int id) {
        bookService.deleteBookById(id);
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

}

dao

BookMapper

public interface BookMapper {

    //增加一个Book
    int addBook(Books book);

    //根据id删除一个Book
    int deleteBookById(int id);

    //更新Book
    int updateBook(Books books);

    //根据id查询,返回一个Book
    Books queryBookById(int id);

    //查询全部Book,返回list集合
    List<Books> queryAllBook();

}

BookMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.han.dao.BookMapper">

    <!--增加一个Book-->
    <insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
      insert into ssmbuild.books(bookName,bookCounts,detail)
      values (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail})
   </insert>

    <!--根据id删除一个Book-->
    <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
      delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID=#{bookID}
   </delete>

    <!--更新Book-->
    <update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
      update ssmbuild.books
      set bookName = #{bookName},bookCounts = #{bookCounts},detail = #{detail}
      where bookID = #{bookID}
   </update>

    <!--根据id查询,返回一个Book-->
    <select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">
      select * from ssmbuild.books
      where bookID = #{bookID}
   </select>

    <!--查询全部Book-->
    <select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
      SELECT * from ssmbuild.books
   </select>

</mapper>

service

BookService

public interface BookService {
    //增加一个Book
    int addBook(Books book);
    //根据id删除一个Book
    int deleteBookById(int id);
    //更新Book
    int updateBook(Books books);
    //根据id查询,返回一个Book
    Books queryBookById(int id);
    //查询全部Book,返回list集合
    List<Books> queryAllBook();
}

BookServiceImpl

public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {

    //调用dao层的操作，设置一个set接口，方便Spring管理
    private BookMapper bookMapper;

    public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
        this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
    }

    public int addBook(Books book) {
        return bookMapper.addBook(book);
    }

    public int deleteBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
    }

    public int updateBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
    }

    public Books queryBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
    }

    public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
        return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
    }
}

pojo

Book

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {
    private int bookID;
    private String bookName;
    private int bookCounts;
    private String detail;
}

WEB配置

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <!--DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <!--一定要注意:我们这里加载的是总的配置文件，之前被这里坑了！-->
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!--encodingFilter-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>
            org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
        </filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!--Session过期时间-->
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
    </session-config>

</web-app>

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
  <title>首页</title>
  <style type="text/css">
    a {
      text-decoration: none;
      color: black;
      font-size: 18px;
    }
    h3 {
      width: 180px;
      height: 38px;
      margin: 100px auto;
      text-align: center;
      line-height: 38px;
      background: deepskyblue;
      border-radius: 4px;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

<h3>
  <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">点击进入列表页</a>
</h3>
</body>
</html>

addBook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>

<html>
<head>
    <title>新增书籍</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>新增书籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">
        书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName"><br><br><br>
        书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts"><br><br><br>
        书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail"><br><br><br>
        <input type="submit" value="添加">
    </form>

</div>

allBook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>书籍列表</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>

<div class="container">

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-4 column">
            <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <table class="table table-hover table-striped">
                <thead>
                <tr>
                    <th>书籍编号</th>
                    <th>书籍名字</th>
                    <th>书籍数量</th>
                    <th>书籍详情</th>
                    <th>操作</th>
                </tr>
                </thead>

                <tbody>
                <c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('list')}">
                    <tr>
                        <td>${book.getBookID()}</td>
                        <td>${book.getBookName()}</td>
                        <td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td>
                        <td>${book.getDetail()}</td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> |
                            <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">删除</a>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                </c:forEach>
                </tbody>
            </table>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

updateBook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>修改信息</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>修改信息</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">
        <input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${book.getBookID()}"/>
        书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName" value="${book.getBookName()}"/>
        书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts" value="${book.getBookCounts()}"/>
        书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail" value="${book.getDetail() }"/>
        <input type="submit" value="提交"/>
    </form>

</div>

interceptor拦截器

拦截Demo

spring-servlet.xml配置

  <!--关于拦截器的配置-->
    <mvc:interceptors>
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <!--/** 包括路径及其子路径-->
            <!--/admin/* 拦截的是/admin/add等等这种 , /admin/add/user不会被拦截-->
            <!--/admin/** 拦截的是/admin/下的所有-->
            <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
            <!--bean配置的就是拦截器-->
            <bean class="com.han.interceptor.MyInterceptor"/>
        </mvc:interceptor>
    </mvc:interceptors>

拦截层MyInterceptor

public class MyInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {

    //请求处理的方法之前执行
    //如果返回true执行下一个拦截器
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("----------------处理前----------------");
        return true;
    }

    //在请求处理方法执行之后执行
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("----------------处理后----------------");
    }

    //在dispatcherServlet处理后执行,做清理工作.
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("----------------清理----------------");
    }
}

控制层

@Controller
public class InterceptorController {

    @RequestMapping("/interceptor")
    @ResponseBody
    public String testFunction(){
        System.out.println("控制器中的方法执行");
        return "hello";
    }
}

运行控制台输出

----------------处理前----------------
控制器中的方法执行
----------------处理后----------------
----------------清理----------------

登录与登出

spring-servlet.xml配置

    <mvc:interceptors>
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
            <bean class="com.han.interceptor.LoginInterceptor" id="interceptor"/>
        </mvc:interceptor>
    </mvc:interceptors>

登录请求拦截LoginInterceptor

public class LoginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        //如果是登录页面则放行
        //contains方法：匹配String中是否有子串
        if(request.getRequestURI().contains("Login")){
            return true;
        }
        //如果用户已登录也放行
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        if(session.getAttribute("user") != null){
            return true;
        }
        //如果用户没登录跳转到登录页面
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/login.jsp").forward(request,response);
        return false;
    }

    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {

    }

    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {

    }
}

控制层UserController

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

    //跳转到登录页面
    @RequestMapping("/jumplogin")
    public String jumpLogin(){
        return "login";
    }

    //跳转到成功页面
    @RequestMapping("/jumpsuccess")
    public String jumpSuccess(){
        return "success";
    }

    //登录提交
    @RequestMapping("/Login")
    public String login(HttpSession session,String username,String pwd){
//        System.out.println("接收前端==="+username);
        //session记录用户身份信息
        session.setAttribute("user",username);
        return "success";
    }

    //退出登录
    @RequestMapping("logout")
    public String LoginOut(HttpSession session){
        //session 过期
        session.invalidate();
        return "login";
    }

}

文件上传于下载

@Controller
public class FileController {

    @RequestMapping("/test")
    @ResponseBody
    public String test(){
        return "Hello";
    }

    //@RequestParam("file") 将name=file控件得到的文件封装成CommonsMultipartFile 对象
    //批量上传CommonsMultipartFile则为数组即可
    @RequestMapping("/upload")
    public String fileUpload(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {

        //获取文件名：file.getOriginalFilename();
        String uploadFileName = file.getOriginalFilename();

        //如果文件名为空，直接回到首页！
        if("".equals(uploadFileName)){
            return "redirect:/index.jsp";
        }
        System.out.println("上传文件名："+uploadFileName);

        //上传路径保存设置
        String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
        //如果路径不存在，创建一个
        File realPath = new File(path);
        if(!realPath.exists()){
            realPath.mkdir();//创建文件夹
        }
        System.out.println("上传文件保存地址：" + realPath);

        InputStream in = file.getInputStream();
        FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File(realPath, uploadFileName));
        int len = 0;
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        while ((len = in.read(buffer)) != -1){
            out.write(buffer,0,len);
            out.flush();
        }
        out.close();
        in.close();
        return "redirect:/index.jsp";
    }

    // 采用file.Transto 来保存上传的文件
    @RequestMapping("/upload2")
    public String fileUpload2(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {

        //上传路径保存设置

        String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
        File realPath = new File(path);
        if(!realPath.exists()){
            realPath.mkdir();
        }
        //上传文件地址
        System.out.println("上传文件地址：" + realPath);

        //通过CommonsMultipartFile的方法直接写文件（注意这个时候）
        file.transferTo(new File(realPath + "/" + file.getOriginalFilename()));

        return "redirect:/index.jsp";
    }

    //文件下载
    @RequestMapping(value = "/download")
    public String download(HttpServletResponse response , HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception{
        //要下载的图片地址
        String  path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
        String  fileName = "基础语法.jpg";
        //1、设置response 响应头
        response.reset(); //设置页面不缓存,清空buffer
        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); //字符编码
        response.setContentType("multipart/form-data"); //二进制传输数据
        //设置响应头
        response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;fileName="+ URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8"));

        File file = new File(path,fileName);
        //2、 读取文件--输入流
        InputStream input=new FileInputStream(file);
        //3、 写出文件--输出流
        OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();

        byte[] buff =new byte[1024];
        int index=0;
        //4、执行 写出操作
        while((index= input.read(buff))!= -1){
            out.write(buff, 0, index);
            out.flush();
        }
        out.close();
        input.close();
        return null;
    }

}

文件上传配置

切片上传

    <!--bean的id必须为multipartResolver ， 否则上传文件会报400的错误！-->
    <bean id="multipartResolver"  class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <!-- 请求的编码格式，必须和jSP的pageEncoding属性一致，以便正确读取表单的内容，默认为ISO-8859-1 -->
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/>
        <!-- 上传文件大小上限，单位为字节（10485760=10M） -->
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"/>
        <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"/>
    </bean>

index.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>$Title$</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <form action="/upload" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
      <input type="file" name="file"/>
      <input type="submit" value="upload">
    </form>
    <a href="/download">点击下载</a>
  </body>
</html>