SpringBoot自动配置原理

自动配置原理：

我们点击启动类上的@SpringBootApplication注解可以，其实@SpringBootApplication是一个复核注解：

@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@SpringBootConfiguration    
@EnableAutoConfiguration    //开启自动配置功能
@ComponentScan(
    excludeFilters = {@Filter(
    type = FilterType.CUSTOM,
    classes = {TypeExcludeFilter.class}
), @Filter(
    type = FilterType.CUSTOM,
    classes = {AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class}
)}
)
public @interface SpringBootApplication {

 

1、通过@EnableAutoConfiguration开启自动配置:

SpringBoot启动的时候加载主配置类，开启了自动配置功能。

@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class})  //注入AutoConfigurationImportSelector类
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {
    String ENABLED_OVERRIDE_PROPERTY = "spring.boot.enableautoconfiguration";

    Class<?>[] exclude() default {};

    String[] excludeName() default {};
}

 

2、注入的AutoConfigurationImportSelector类

在AutoConfigurationImportSelector类中，我们可以找到一个String[] selectImports(AnnotaionMetadata annotationMetadata)方法。

public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
    if (!this.isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
        return NO_IMPORTS;
    } else {
        //
        AutoConfigurationImportSelector.AutoConfigurationEntry autoConfigurationEntry = this.getAutoConfigurationEntry(annotationMetadata);
        return StringUtils.toStringArray(autoConfigurationEntry.getConfigurations());
    }
}


protected AutoConfigurationImportSelector.AutoConfigurationEntry getAutoConfigurationEntry(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
    if (!this.isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
        return EMPTY_ENTRY;
    } else {
        AnnotationAttributes attributes = this.getAttributes(annotationMetadata);
        //获取候选的配置数组
        List<String> configurations = this.getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);
        configurations = this.removeDuplicates(configurations);
        Set<String> exclusions = this.getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes);
        this.checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions);
        configurations.removeAll(exclusions);
        configurations = this.getConfigurationClassFilter().filter(configurations);
        this.fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions);
        return new AutoConfigurationImportSelector.AutoConfigurationEntry(configurations, exclusions);
    }
}

3、获取候选配置

获取候选的配置的方法：
List<String> configurations = this.getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);

//获取候选配置
protected List<String> getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata, AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
    //SpringFactoriesLoader加载注入
    //将所扫描的文件中所有包含EnableAutoConfiguration注解的类加载到SpringFatoriesLoader中
    List<String> configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(this.getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(), this.getBeanClassLoader());
    Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories. If you are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");
    return configurations;
}


//返回一个注解类
protected Class<?> getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass() {
    return EnableAutoConfiguration.class;
}

protected ClassLoader getBeanClassLoader() {
    return this.beanClassLoader;
}

4、扫描所有jar包类路径下META_INF/spring.factories文件，并把扫描到的这些文件组装成Map对象，从Map中获取到EnableAutoConfiguration.calss类（类名)对应的值，然后把它们添加到容器中

//返回指定Class类型的对象List
public static List<String> loadFactoryNames(Class<?> factoryType, @Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
    ClassLoader classLoaderToUse = classLoader;
    if (classLoader == null) {
        classLoaderToUse = SpringFactoriesLoader.class.getClassLoader();
    }

    String factoryTypeName = factoryType.getName();
    return (List)loadSpringFactories(classLoaderToUse).getOrDefault(factoryTypeName, Collections.emptyList());
}

//扫描所有jar包类路径下的META_INF/spring.factories文件，并封装返回一个Map对象
private static Map<String, List<String>> loadSpringFactories(ClassLoader classLoader) {
    Map<String, List<String>> result = (Map)cache.get(classLoader);
    if (result != null) {
        return result;
    } else {
        HashMap result = new HashMap();

        try {

        	//扫描所有jar包类路径下的META_INF/spring.factories文件
            Enumeration urls = classLoader.getResources("META-INF/spring.factories");

            while(urls.hasMoreElements()) {
                URL url = (URL)urls.nextElement();
                UrlResource resource = new UrlResource(url);
                Properties properties = PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadProperties(resource);
                Iterator var6 = properties.entrySet().iterator();

                while(var6.hasNext()) {
                    Entry<?, ?> entry = (Entry)var6.next();
                    String factoryTypeName = ((String)entry.getKey()).trim();
                    String[] factoryImplementationNames = StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray((String)entry.getValue());
                    String[] var10 = factoryImplementationNames;
                    int var11 = factoryImplementationNames.length;

                    for(int var12 = 0; var12 < var11; ++var12) {
                        String factoryImplementationName = var10[var12];
                        ((List)result.computeIfAbsent(factoryTypeName, (key) -> {
                            return new ArrayList();
                        })).add(factoryImplementationName.trim());
                    }
                }
            }


            //封装成一个List的Map对象
            result.replaceAll((factoryType, implementations) -> {
                return (List)implementations.stream().distinct().collect(Collectors.collectingAndThen(Collectors.toList(), Collections::unmodifiableList));
            });
            cache.put(classLoader, result);
            return result;
        } catch (IOException var14) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unable to load factories from location [META-INF/spring.factories]", var14);
        }
    }
}