const {useState} = React;
function App() {
const [name, setName] = useState('Mary');
const [age, setAge] = useState(16);
if (age < 16) {
return (
<div>
Name:{' '}
<input
value={name}
onChange={e => {
setName(e.target.value);
}}
/>
<br />
Age:{' '}
<input
value={age}
type="number"
onChange={e => {
setAge(+e.target.value);
}}
/>
</div>
);
}
const [license, setLicense] = useState('A123456');
return (
<div>
Name:{' '}
<input
value={name}
onChange={e => {
setName(e.target.value);
}}
/>
<br />
Age:{' '}
<input
value={age}
type="number"
onChange={e => {
setAge(+e.target.value);
}}
/>
<br />
Driver License:{' '}
<input
value={license}
onChange={e => {
setLicense(e.target.value);
}}
/>
</div>
);
}
ReactDOM.render(<App />, document.querySelector('#app'));
以上代码在执行之后,会报以下错误:
Uncaught Error: Rendered fewer hooks than expected. This may be caused by an accidental early return statement.
at invariant (react-dom.development.js:55)
at finishHooks (react-dom.development.js:11581)
at updateFunctionComponent (react-dom.development.js:14262)
at beginWork (react-dom.development.js:15103)
at performUnitOfWork (react-dom.development.js:17817)
at workLoop (react-dom.development.js:17857)
at HTMLUnknownElement.callCallback (react-dom.development.js:149)
at Object.invokeGuardedCallbackDev (react-dom.development.js:199)
at invokeGuardedCallback (react-dom.development.js:256)
at replayUnitOfWork (react-dom.development.js:17113)
at renderRoot (react-dom.development.js:17957)
at performWorkOnRoot (react-dom.development.js:18808)
at performWork (react-dom.development.js:18716)
at flushInteractiveUpdates$1 (react-dom.development.js:18987)
at batchedUpdates (react-dom.development.js:2210)
at dispatchEvent (react-dom.development.js:4946)
at interactiveUpdates$1 (react-dom.development.js:18974)
at interactiveUpdates (react-dom.development.js:2217)
at dispatchInteractiveEvent (react-dom.development.js:4923)
问题在于,第一次渲染时,useState调用了 3 个钩子 - name,age但是license将age修改为低于16后,不再调用useState ,导致只调用了前2个钩子。license此举正如React 文档所述:
不要在循环、条件或嵌套函数内调用 Hook。相反,请始终在 React 函数的顶层使用 Hooks。通过遵循此规则,您可以确保每次渲染组件时都以相同的顺序调用 Hook。useState就是允许 React 在多个和调用之间正确保留 Hooks 状态的原因。
调用钩子的顺序很重要,如果我们编写的代码导致钩子不被调用,React 将无法将钩子调用与其值匹配。
解决方案是将license挂钩移动到函数的顶部,以便无论是否需要它都会被调用。