序列式容器List之初始化及其几种（不支持随机）访问形式

#include <list>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;

void show(char elem)
{
	cout << elem << " ";
}
int main()
{
	list<char> coll;      // list container for character elements

	// append elements from 'a' to 'z'
	for (char c = 'a'; c <= 'z'; ++c) {
		coll.push_back(c);
	}

	// print all elements:
	/* list容器不支持随机访问，即不可用[]操作符读取容器中某元素

	// WRONG CODE FOLLOWING
	for(int i =0; i<= coll.size(); ++i)
	{
		cout << coll[i] << " ";// wrong, 不支持随机访问
	}
	*/

	// 迭代器是位置，*迭代器是该位置的值
	// C++11后加入auto自动判断符。 for (auto pos = coll.begin(); pos != coll.end();++pos)
	for (list<char>::iterator pos = coll.begin(); pos != coll.end();++pos)
	{
		cout << *pos << " ";// OK
	}
	cout << endl;

	// - use range-based for loop
	for (auto elem : coll) {
		cout << elem << ' ';
	}
	cout << endl;

	// for_each and Lambdas
	for_each(coll.begin(), coll.end(), 
		[](char elem){ cout << elem << " "; });
	cout << endl;

	// for_each and function objects(functors)
	for_each(coll.begin(), coll.end(), show);

	cin.get();
	// return 0;// 可以不显式的写出返回值0。其实C++11厚int main()形式的main函数已经隐式提供了return 0;
}

运行结果：