实现实时同步数据rsync && sersync

1. inotify+rsync+shell脚本实现实时数据同步

[root@backup-server ~]#yum -y install rsync-daemon

#创建rsync服务器的配置文件
[root@backup-server ~]#vim /etc/rsyncd.conf 
uid = root  #提定以哪个用户来访问共享目录，将之指定为生成的文件所有者，默认为nobody
gid = root  #默认为nobody
#port = 874 可指定非标准端口,默认873/tcp
#use chroot =no
max connections = 0
ignore errors
exclude = lost+found/
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
lock file =/var/run/rsyncd.lock
reverse lookup = no
#hosts allow =10.0.0.0/24

[backup] #每个模块名对应一个不同的path目录，如果同名后面模块生效
path = /data/backup
comment = /backup dir
read only = no  #默认是yes,即只读
auth users = rsyncuser  #默认anonymous可以访问rsync服务器
secrets file = /etc/rsync.pas  #存放密码文件

#服务器端准备目录
[root@backup-server ~]#mkdir -pv /data/backup

#服务器端生成验证文件
[root@backup-server ~]#echo "rsyncuser:magedu" > /etc/rsync.pas
[root@backup-server ~]#chmod 600 /etc/rsync.pas #此为必要项,权限必须修改

#服务器端启动rsync服务
[root@backup-server ~]#rsync --daemon        #可加入/etc/rc.d/rc.local实现开机启动

[root@backup-server ~]#systemctl start rsyncd



#客户端配置密码文件
#也可将密码赋值给环境变量RSYNC_PASSWORD变量,但不安全
#export RSYNC_PASSWORD=magedu
[root@data-server ~]#echo "magedu" > /etc/rsync.pas
[root@data-server ~]#chmod 600 /etc/rsync.pas  #此为必要项,权限必须修改
[root@data-server ~]#mkdir /data/www

#查看远程rsync服务器的模块信息
[root@data-server ~]#rsync rsync://10.0.0.18

#查看具体模块内的文件需要验证
[root@data-server ~]#rsync   rsync:/10.0.0.18/backup
Password:

#客户端测试同步数据
[root@data-server ~]#rsync  -avz --delete --password-file=/etc/rsync.pas /data/www/ rsyncuser@10.0.0.18::backup


#在数据服务器上创建inotify_rsync.sh脚本

[root@data-server ~]#vim inotify_rsync.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
#********************************************************************
#Author:            Tangtao
#QQ:                1812237069
#Date:              2020-11-05
#FileName：         inotify_rsync.sh
#Website(URL):      http://www.magedu.com
#Description：      The test script
#Copyright (C):    2020 All rights reserved
#********************************************************************
SRC='/data/www/'
DEST='rsyncuser@rsync服务器IP::backup'
rpm -q rsync &> /dev/null || yum -y install rsync
inotifywait -mrq --exclude=".*\.swp" --timefmt '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' --format '%T %w %f' -e create,delete,moved_to,close_write,attrib ${SRC} |while read DATE TIME DIR FILE;do
        FILEPATH=${DIR}${FILE}
        rsync -az --delete --password-file=/etc/rsync.pas $SRC $DEST && echo "At ${TIME} on ${DATE}, file $FILEPATH was backuped up via rsync" >> /var/log/changelist.log
done

[root@data-server ~]#yum -y install inotify-tools
[root@data-server ~]#nohup bash inotify_rsync.sh 
nohup: ignoring input and appending output to 'nohup.out'


#查看文件传输日志
[root@data-centos8 ~]#tail -f /var/log/changelist.log

2. sersync实现实时数据同步

2.1 基于rsync daemon 实现 sersync

[root@backup-server ~]#yum -y install rsync-daemon

#创建rsync服务器的配置文件
[root@backup-server ~]#vim /etc/rsyncd.conf 
uid = root  #提定以哪个用户来访问共享目录，将之指定为生成的文件所有者，默认为nobody
gid = root  #默认为nobody
#port = 874 可指定非标准端口,默认873/tcp
#use chroot =no
max connections = 0
ignore errors
exclude = lost+found/
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
lock file =/var/run/rsyncd.lock
reverse lookup = no
#hosts allow =10.0.0.0/24

[backup] #每个模块名对应一个不同的path目录，如果同名后面模块生效
path = /data/backup
comment = /backup dir
read only = no  #默认是yes,即只读
auth users = rsyncuser  #默认anonymous可以访问rsync服务器
secrets file = /etc/rsync.pas  #存放密码文件

#服务器端准备目录
[root@backup-server ~]#mkdir -pv /data/backup

#服务器端生成验证文件
[root@backup-server ~]#echo "rsyncuser:magedu" > /etc/rsync.pas
[root@backup-server ~]#chmod 600 /etc/rsync.pas #此为必要项,权限必须修改

#服务器端启动rsync服务
[root@backup-server ~]#rsync --daemon        #可加入/etc/rc.d/rc.local实现开机启动

[root@backup-server ~]#systemctl start rsyncd






#在数据服务器上下载sersync，并拷贝至相应的目录
[root@data-server ~]#cd /usr/local/src
[root@data-server src]#wget https://storage.googleapis.com/google-code-archive-downloads/v2/code.google.com/sersync/sersync2.5.4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz

[root@data-centos8 src]#tar xf sersync2.5.4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz

[root@data-centos8 src]#cp -a GNU-Linux-x86 /usr/local/sersync
或者创建软连接
[root@data-server src]#ln /usr/local/src/GNU-Linux-x86  /usr/local/sersync

#设置PATH变量
[root@data-server ~]#echo 'PATH=/usr/local/sersync:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/sersync.sh
[root@data-server ~]#source /etc/profile.d/sersync.sh


#sersync目录只有两个文件：一个是二进制程序文件，一个是xml格式的配置文件
[root@data-centos8 ~]#ls /usr/local/sersync/
confxml.xml sersync2

#确认安装rsync客户端工具
[root@data-server ~]#rpm -q rsync &> /dev/null || dnf -y install rsync

#备份sersync配置文件
[root@data-server ~]#cp /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml{,.bak}

#修改sersync配置文件
[root@data-server ~]#vim /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>                                      
<head version="2.5">
    <host hostip="localhost" port="8008"></host>
    <debug start="false"/>    #是否开启调试模式
    <fileSystem xfs="false"/>
    <filter start="false">    #不开启文件过滤功能，当为true时,以下类型的文件将不同步
    <exclude expression="(.*)\.svn"></exclude>
    <exclude expression="(.*)\.gz"></exclude>
    <exclude expression="^info/*"></exclude>
    <exclude expression="^static/*"></exclude>
    </filter>
    <inotify>      #监控事件，默认监控
    <delete start="true"/>
    <createFolder start="true"/>
    <createFile start="false"/>
    <closeWrite start="true"/>
    <moveFrom start="true"/>
    <moveTo start="true"/>
    <attrib start="true"/>   #修改此行为true，文件属性变化后也会同步
    <modify start="false"/>
    </inotify>

    <sersync>      #rsync命令的配置段
    <localpath watch="/data/www">   #修改此行,需要同步的源目录或文件，建议同步目录
        <remote ip="10.0.0.18" name="backup"/>   #修改此行,指定备份服务器地址和rsync daemon的模块名，如果下面开启了ssh start，此时name为远程shell方式运行时的目标绝对路径目录
        <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.39" name="tongbu"/>-->
        <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.40" name="tongbu"/>-->
    </localpath>
    <rsync>
        <commonParams params="-artuz"/>  #指定rsync选项
        <auth start="true" users="rsyncuser" passwordfile="/etc/rsync.pas"/>  #修改此行为true,指定备份服务器的rsync配置的用户和密码文件
		<userDefinedPort start="false" port="874"/><!-- port=874 --> #指定rsync的非标准端口号
        <timeout start="false" time="100"/><!-- timeout=100 -->
        <ssh start="false"/>   #默认使用rsync daemon运行rsync命令,true为使用远程shell模式
    </rsync>
    <failLog path="/tmp/rsync_fail_log.sh" timeToExecute="60"/><!--default every 
60mins execute once-->  #错误重传及日志文件路径
    <crontab start="false" schedule="600"><!--600mins-->  #不开启crontab功能
        <crontabfilter start="false">   #不开启crontab定时传输的筛选功能
        <exclude expression="*.php"></exclude>
        <exclude expression="info/*"></exclude>
        </crontabfilter>
    </crontab>
    <plugin start="false" name="command"/>
    </sersync>

#####################################以下行不需要修改
    <plugin name="command">
    <param prefix="/bin/sh" suffix="" ignoreError="true"/>  <!--prefix /opt/tongb
u/mmm.sh suffix-->
    <filter start="false">
        <include expression="(.*)\.php"/>
        <include expression="(.*)\.sh"/>
    </filter>
    </plugin>

    <plugin name="socket">
    <localpath watch="/opt/tongbu">
        <deshost ip="192.168.138.20" port="8009"/>
    </localpath>
    </plugin>
    <plugin name="refreshCDN">  
<localpath watch="/data0/htdocs/cms.xoyo.com/site/">
        <cdninfo domainname="ccms.chinacache.com" port="80" username="xxxx" passw
d="xxxx"/>
        <sendurl base="http://pic.xoyo.com/cms"/>
        <regexurl regex="false" match="cms.xoyo.com/site([/a-zA-Z0-9]*).xoyo.com/
images"/>
    </localpath>
    </plugin>
</head>

#创建连接rsynd服务器的用户密码文件,并必须修改权限
[root@backup-server ~]#echo "magedu" > /etc/rsync.pas
[root@backup-server ~]#chmod 600 /etc/rsync.pas

#准备客户端目录
[root@backup-server ~]#mkdir -p /data/www

#查看帮助
[root@data-server www]#sersync2 -h
set the system param
execute：echo 50000000 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches
execute：echo 327679 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_queued_events
parse the command param
_______________________________________________________
参数-d:启用守护进程模式
参数-r:在监控前，将监控目录与远程主机用rsync命令推送一遍
c参数-n: 指定开启守护线程的数量，默认为10个
参数-o:指定配置文件，默认使用confxml.xml文件
参数-m:单独启用其他模块，使用 -m refreshCDN 开启刷新CDN模块
参数-m:单独启用其他模块，使用 -m socket 开启socket模块
参数-m:单独启用其他模块，使用 -m http 开启http模块
不加-m参数，则默认执行同步程序
________________________________________________________________


#以后台方式执行同步
[root@data-server www]#sersync2 -dro /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml
set the system param
execute：echo 50000000 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches
execute：echo 327679 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_queued_events
parse the command param
option: -d 	run as a daemon
option: -r 	rsync all the local files to the remote servers before the sersync work
option: -o 	config xml name：  /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml
daemon thread num: 10
parse xml config file
host ip : localhost	host port: 8008
daemon start，sersync run behind the console 
use rsync password-file :
user is	rsyncuser
passwordfile is 	/etc/rsync.pas
config xml parse success
please set /etc/rsyncd.conf max connections=0 Manually
sersync working thread 12  = 1(primary thread) + 1(fail retry thread) + 10(daemon sub threads) 
Max threads numbers is: 22 = 12(Thread pool nums) + 10(Sub threads)
please according your cpu ，use -n param to adjust the cpu rate
------------------------------------------
rsync the directory recursivly to the remote servers once
working please wait...
execute command: cd /data/www && rsync -artuz -R --delete ./ rsyncuser@10.0.0.18::backup --password-file=/etc/rsync.pas >/dev/null 2>&1 
run the sersync: 
watch path is: /data/www

#如果同步失败,可以手动执行下面命令,观察过程
[root@data-centos8 ~]# cd /data/www && rsync -artuz -R --delete ./ rsyncuser@backup-server::backup --password-file=/etc/rsync.pas >/dev/null 2>&1 
run the sersync: 
watch path is: /data/www
________________________________________________________________
#sersync支持多实例，也即监控多个目录时，只需分别配置不同配置文件，然后使用sersync2指定对应配置文件运行
[root@data-centos8 ~]#sersync2 -rd -o /etc/sersync.d/nginx.xml

2.2 基于远程shell 实现 sersync

不需要配置rsync daemon,只需要配置基于key验证的ssh即可

#服务器端安装rsync工具
[root@backup-server ~]#yum -y install rsync
[root@backup-server ~]#mkdir -p /data/backup

#实现基于Key验证
[root@data-server ~]#ssh-keygen
[root@data-server ~]#ssh-copy-id 10.0.0.18


#在数据服务器上下载sersync，并拷贝至相应的目录
[root@data-server ~]#cd /usr/local/src
[root@data-server src]#wget https://storage.googleapis.com/google-code-archive-downloads/v2/code.google.com/sersync/sersync2.5.4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz

[root@data-centos8 src]#tar xf sersync2.5.4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz

[root@data-centos8 src]#cp -a GNU-Linux-x86 /usr/local/sersync
或者创建软连接
[root@data-server src]#ln -s /usr/local/src/GNU-Linux-x86  /usr/local/sersync

#设置PATH变量
[root@data-server ~]#echo 'PATH=/usr/local/sersync:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/sersync.sh
[root@data-server ~]#source /etc/profile.d/sersync.sh

#确认安装rsync客户端工具
[root@data-server ~]#rpm -q rsync &> /dev/null || dnf -y install rsync

#修改sersync配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>                                      
<head version="2.5">
    <host hostip="localhost" port="8008"></host>
    <debug start="false"/>
    <fileSystem xfs="false"/>
    <filter start="false">
    <exclude expression="(.*)\.svn"></exclude>
    <exclude expression="(.*)\.gz"></exclude>
    <exclude expression="^info/*"></exclude>
    <exclude expression="^static/*"></exclude>
    </filter>
    <inotify>
    <delete start="true"/>
    <createFolder start="true"/>
    <createFile start="false"/>
    <closeWrite start="true"/>
    <moveFrom start="true"/>
    <moveTo start="true"/>
    <attrib start="true"/>    #修改此行为true
    <modify start="false"/>
    </inotify>

    <sersync>
    <localpath watch="/data/www/">   #修改此行,指定源数据目录
        <remote ip="10.0.0.18" name="/data/backup"/>    #修改此行指定备份服务器地址和备份目标目录
        <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.39" name="tongbu"/>-->
        <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.40" name="tongbu"/>-->
    </localpath>
    <rsync>
        <commonParams params="-artuz"/>
        <auth start="false" users="root" passwordfile="/etc/rsync.pas"/>  #此行必须为false,不启用认证
<userDefinedPort start="false" port="874"/><!-- port=874 -->
        <timeout start="false" time="100"/><!-- timeout=100 -->
        <ssh start="true"/>  #修改此行为true,使用远程shell方式的rsync连接方式，无需在目标主机上配置启动rsync daemon服务
        
        
#####################################以下行不需要修改
    </rsync>
    <failLog path="/tmp/rsync_fail_log.sh" timeToExecute="60"/><!--default every 60mins execute once-->
    <crontab start="false" schedule="600"><!--600mins-->
        <crontabfilter start="false">
        <exclude expression="*.php"></exclude>
        <exclude expression="info/*"></exclude>
        </crontabfilter>
    </crontab>
    <plugin start="false" name="command"/>
    </sersync>
#此空间中间的行可以删除
</head>  

#准备服务器端目录
[root@data-server src]#mkdir /data/www/


[root@data-server src]#sersync2 -dro /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml
set the system param
execute：echo 50000000 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches
execute：echo 327679 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_queued_events
parse the command param
option: -d 	run as a daemon
option: -r 	rsync all the local files to the remote servers before the sersync work
option: -o 	config xml name：  /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml
daemon thread num: 10
parse xml config file
host ip : localhost	host port: 8008
daemon start，sersync run behind the console 
config xml parse success
please set /etc/rsyncd.conf max connections=0 Manually
sersync working thread 12  = 1(primary thread) + 1(fail retry thread) + 10(daemon sub threads) 
Max threads numbers is: 22 = 12(Thread pool nums) + 10(Sub threads)
please according your cpu ，use -n param to adjust the cpu rate
------------------------------------------
rsync the directory recursivly to the remote servers once
working please wait...
execute command: cd /data/www && rsync -artuz -R --delete ./  -e ssh 10.0.0.18:/data/backup >/dev/null 2>&1 
run the sersync: 
watch path is: /data/www