iOS 音乐库

原文地址http://wsqwsq000.iteye.com/blog/1481320

1.访问音乐库的两种方法，

（只能访问音频文件，如music，podcast，audiobook等）

2.MPMusicPlayerController的使用

有两种播放器可以选择，一种是application　music　player，另外一种是iPod　music　player。

第一种播放器是一种内部播放器，当程序对出后停止播放；而第二种播放器则与iPod播放器内的信息相关，退出之后不会停止播放。获取方式如下：

• + applicationMusicPlayer
• + iPodMusicPlayer

播放之前需要设置播放器的播放队列

• – setQueueWithQuery:
• – setQueueWithItemCollection:

管理播放模式和播放状态的一些属性

•   currentPlaybackTime  property
•   nowPlayingItem  property
•   playbackState  property
•   repeatMode  property
•   shuffleMode  property
•   volume  property

播放状态　MPMusicPlaybackState

 

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enum {       MPMusicPlaybackStateStopped,       MPMusicPlaybackStatePlaying,       MPMusicPlaybackStatePaused,       MPMusicPlaybackStateInterrupted,       MPMusicPlaybackStateSeekingForward,       MPMusicPlaybackStateSeekingBackward   };   typedef NSInteger MPMusicPlaybackState;

 

播放控制方法

• – play
• – pause
• – stop
• – beginSeekingForward
• – beginSeekingBackward
• – endSeeking
• – skipToNextItem
• – skipToBeginning
• – skipToPreviousItem

播放状态发生变化时可以发送通知

• – beginGeneratingPlaybackNotifications
• – endGeneratingPlaybackNotifications

MPMusicPlayerControllerPlaybackStateDidChangeNotification

可以通过该通知来改变播放按钮的样式

MPMusicPlayerControllerNowPlayingItemDidChangeNotification

MPMusicPlayerControllerVolumeDidChangeNotification

具体步骤

１.注册和开始发送通知

 

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Listing 2-1  Registering for and activating music player notifications NSNotificationCenter *notificationCenter = [NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter];    [notificationCenter      addObserver: self      selector:    @selector (handle_NowPlayingItemChanged:)      name:        MPMusicPlayerControllerNowPlayingItemDidChangeNotification      object:      musicPlayer];    [notificationCenter      addObserver: self      selector:    @selector (handle_PlaybackStateChanged:)      name:        MPMusicPlayerControllerPlaybackStateDidChangeNotification      object:      musicPlayer];    [musicPlayer beginGeneratingPlaybackNotifications];

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Listing 2-2  Unregistering and deactivating music player notifications [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter]      removeObserver: self      name:           MPMusicPlayerControllerNowPlayingItemDidChangeNotification      object:         musicPlayer];    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter]      removeObserver: self      name:           MPMusicPlayerControllerPlaybackStateDidChangeNotification      object:         musicPlayer];    [musicPlayer endGeneratingPlaybackNotifications];

２.创建并配置一个Music　Player 

 

 

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Listing 2-3  Creating an application music player MPMusicPlayerController* appMusicPlayer =      [MPMusicPlayerController applicationMusicPlayer];    [appMusicPlayer setShuffleMode: MPMusicShuffleModeOff]; [appMusicPlayer setRepeatMode: MPMusicRepeatModeNone];

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Listing 2-4  Creating an iPod music player MPMusicPlayerController* iPodMusicPlayer =      [MPMusicPlayerController iPodMusicPlayer];    if ([iPodMusicPlayer nowPlayingItem]) {      // Update the UI (artwork, song name, volume indicator, etc.)      //        to reflect the iPod state }

３.设置播放队列

 

 

• – setQueueWithQuery:
• – setQueueWithItemCollection:

４.控制播放

3.MPMediaPickerController的使用

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- (IBAction)addSongsToMusicPlayer:(id)sender {      MPMediaPickerController *mpController = [[MPMediaPickerController alloc] initWithMediaTypes:MPMediaTypeMusic];      mpController.delegate = self;      mpController.prompt = @ "Add songs to play" ;      mpController.allowsPickingMultipleItems = YES;            [self presentModalViewController:mpController animated:YES];      [mpController release]; }

主要是设置代理和选择多媒体类型，然后通过代理方法来获取选中的歌曲

 

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#pragma mark - Media Picker Delegate Methods   - ( void )mediaPicker:(MPMediaPickerController *)mediaPicker didPickMediaItems:(MPMediaItemCollection *)mediaItemCollection {      [self.musicPlayer setQueueWithItemCollection:mediaItemCollection];      [self dismissModalViewControllerAnimated:YES]; }   - ( void )mediaPickerDidCancel:(MPMediaPickerController *)mediaPicker {      [self dismissModalViewControllerAnimated:YES]; }

 

4.MPMediaItem

用此方法来获取item的metadata

1	- (id) valueForProperty: (NSString *) property

NSString *const MPMediaItemPropertyTitle;                   

NSString *const MPMediaItemPropertyAlbumTitle;              

NSString *const MPMediaItemPropertyArtist;                 

 

 

5.MPMediaItemCollection

collection是一组有序的item集合，可用同样的方法来获取collection的metadata

1	- (id) valueForProperty: (NSString *) property

创建

• + collectionWithItems:
• – initWithItems:

属性

•   items  property
•   representativeItem  property
•   count  property
•   mediaTypes  property

6.MPMediaPlaylist

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MPMediaQuery *myPlaylistsQuery = [MPMediaQuery playlistsQuery]; NSArray *playlists = [myPlaylistsQuery collections];    for (MPMediaPlaylist *playlist in playlists) {      NSLog (@ "%@" , [playlist valueForProperty: MPMediaPlaylistPropertyName]);         NSArray *songs = [playlist items];      for (MPMediaItem *song in songs) {          NSString *songTitle =              [song valueForProperty: MPMediaItemPropertyTitle];          NSLog (@ "\t\t%@" , songTitle);      } }

7.MPMediaQuery

需要设置两个属性: filter  and  grouping type

filter描述查询内容，grouping type 描述返回内容的排列方式

查询可以获取items，也可以获取collections

• When you ask for items, the query returns a collection containing all the items that match the filter. The items are in “natural” order, meaning that they are ordered as iTunes shows them on the desktop.
• When you ask for collections, the media query employs not only its filter but also its grouping type.

获取全部歌曲

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MPMediaQuery *everything = [[MPMediaQuery alloc] init]; NSLog(@ "Logging items from a generic query..." ); NSArray *itemsFromGenericQuery = [everything items]; for (MPMediaItem *song in itemsFromGenericQuery) {      NSString *songTitle = [song valueForProperty: MPMediaItemPropertyTitle];      NSLog (@ "%@" , songTitle); }

获取名为“Happy the Clown”的艺术家的歌曲

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MPMediaPropertyPredicate *artistNamePredicate =      [MPMediaPropertyPredicate predicateWithValue: @ "Happy the Clown"                                       forProperty: MPMediaItemPropertyArtist];    MPMediaQuery *myArtistQuery = [[MPMediaQuery alloc] init]; [myArtistQuery addFilterPredicate: artistNamePredicate];    NSArray *itemsFromArtistQuery = [myArtistQuery items];

多个查找条件，查找名为"Sad the Joker"的艺术家的"Stair Tumbling"专辑

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MPMediaPropertyPredicate *artistNamePredicate =      [MPMediaPropertyPredicate predicateWithValue: @ "Sad the Joker"                                       forProperty: MPMediaItemPropertyArtist];    MPMediaPropertyPredicate *albumNamePredicate =      [MPMediaPropertyPredicate predicateWithValue: @ "Stair Tumbling"                                       forProperty: MPMediaItemPropertyAlbumTitle];    MPMediaQuery *myComplexQuery = [[MPMediaQuery alloc] init];    [myComplexQuery addFilterPredicate: artistNamePredicate]; [myComplexQuery addFilterPredicate: albumNamePredicate];

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Listing 4-4  Applying multiple predicates when initializing a media query NSSet *predicates =      [NSSet setWithObjects: artistNamePredicate, albumNamePredicate, nil];    MPMediaQuery *specificQuery =      [[MPMediaQuery alloc] initWithFilterPredicates: predicates];

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Listing 4-5  Testing if a property key can be used for a media property predicate if ([MPMediaItem canFilterByProperty: MPMediaItemPropertyGenre]) {      MPMediaPropertyPredicate *rockPredicate =          [MPMediaPropertyPredicate predicateWithValue: @ "Rock"                                           forProperty: MPMediaItemPropertyGenre];      [query addFilterPredicate: rockPredicate]; }

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Listing 4-6  Using grouping type to specify media item collections MPMediaQuery *query = [[MPMediaQuery alloc] init];    [query addFilterPredicate: [MPMediaPropertyPredicate                                 predicateWithValue: @ "Moribund the Squirrel"                                        forProperty: MPMediaItemPropertyArtist]]; // Sets the grouping type for the media query [query setGroupingType: MPMediaGroupingAlbum];    NSArray *albums = [query collections]; for (MPMediaItemCollection *album in albums) {      MPMediaItem *representativeItem = [album representativeItem];      NSString *artistName =          [representativeItem valueForProperty: MPMediaItemPropertyArtist];      NSString *albumName =          [representativeItem valueForProperty: MPMediaItemPropertyAlbumTitle];      NSLog (@ "%@ by %@" , albumName, artistName);         NSArray *songs = [album items];      for (MPMediaItem *song in songs) {          NSString *songTitle =              [song valueForProperty: MPMediaItemPropertyTitle];          NSLog (@ "\t\t%@" , songTitle);      } }

query的一些简便构造方法

专辑封面的使用

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Listing 4-7  Displaying album artwork for a media item MPMediaItemArtwork *artwork =      [mediaItem valueForProperty: MPMediaItemPropertyArtwork]; UIImage *artworkImage =      [artwork imageWithSize: albumImageView.bounds.size]; if (artworkImage) {      albumImageView.image = artworkImage; } else {      albumImageView.image = [UIImage imageNamed: @ "noArtwork.png" ]; }