YAML文件常用指令
配置文件说明:
定义配置时,指定最新稳定版API(当前为v1)。
配置文件应该存储在集群之外的版本控制仓库中。如果需要,可以快速回滚配置、重新创建和恢复。
应该使用YAML格式编写配置文件,而不是JSON。尽管这些格式都可以使用,但YAML对用户更加友好。
可以将相关对象组合成单个文件,通常会更容易管理。
不要没必要的指定默认值,简单和最小配置减少错误。
在注释中说明一个对象描述更好维护。
YAML是一种标记语言很直观的数据序列化格式,可读性高。类似于XML数据描述语言,语法比XML简单的很多。
YAML数据结构通过缩进来表示,连续的项目通过减号来表示,键值对用冒号分隔,数组用中括号括起来,hash用花括号括起来。
YAML文件格式注意事项:
1.不支持制表符tab键缩进,需要使用空格缩进
2.通常开头缩进2个空格
3.字符后缩进1个空格,
4.“—” 表示YAML格式,一个文件的开始
5.“#”注释
#指定api版本
apiVersion:
#指定需要创建的资源对象
kind:
#源数据、可以写name,命名空间,对象标签
metadata:
#指定对象名称
name:
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-deployment
#描述资源相关信息
spec:
#指定pod 副本数,默认1
replicas:
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-deployment
spec:
replicas: 3
#资源标签选择器
selector:
#描述资源具体信息
template:
#匹配标签字段
matchLabels:
#指定pod标签value:key
labels:
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-deployment
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
#指定容器信息
containers:
#指定容器名称
-name:
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-deployment
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx:1.9
ports:
- containerPort: 80
#指定镜像名称
image:
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-deployment
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx:1.9
ports:
- containerPort: 80
#暴露容器端口
ports:
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-deployment
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx:1.9
ports:
- containerPort: 80
#指定暴露容器端口
-containerPort:
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-deployment
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx:1.9
ports:
- containerPort: 80
#添加环境变量
env:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: pod-test
labels:
os: centos
spec:
containers:
- name: hello
image: centos:6
env:
# 变量key
- name: Test
# 变量value
value: "123456"
#启动容器后执行命令
command:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: pod-test
labels:
os: centos
spec:
containers:
- name: hello
image: centos:6
command: ["bash","-c","while true;do date;sleep 1;done"]
#重启策略 可添加(Always,OnFailure,Never)
restartPolicy:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: pod-test
labels:
os: centos
spec:
containers:
- name: hello
image: centos:6
restartPolicy: OnFailure
#健康检查模式(httpGet、exec、tcpSocket)
livenessProbe:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: nginx-pod
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx:1.10
ports:
- containerPort: 80
livenessProbe:
# 健康检查模式
httpGet:
# 指定检查目录
path: /index.html
# 访问端口
port: 80
#容器内管理volume数据卷
volumeMounts:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: pod-test
labels:
test: centos
spec:
containers:
- name: hello-read
image: centos:6
# 容器内管理数据卷
volumeMounts:
# 数据卷名称
- name: data
# 容器数据卷路径
mountPath: /data
# 数据卷
volumes:
# 数据卷名称
- name: data
# 数据宿主机卷路径
hostPath:
# 指定宿主机数据卷路径
path: /data
#宿主级管理volume数据卷管理
volumes:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: pod-test
labels:
test: centos
spec:
containers:
- name: hello-read
image: centos:6
# 容器内管理数据卷
volumeMounts:
# 数据卷名称
- name: data
# 容器数据卷路径
mountPath: /data
# 数据卷
volumes:
# 数据卷名称
- name: data
# 数据宿主机卷路径
hostPath:
# 指定宿主机数据卷路径
path: /data
#hsotip监听IP,可通过哪些宿主级ip访问
hostIP:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: nginx-pod2
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx:1.10
# hostport管理
ports:
# 指定http
- name: http
# 指定端口
containerPort: 80
# hsotip监听IP,可通过哪些宿主级ip访问
hostIP: 0.0.0.0
# 宿主级暴露端口,它会映射到containerport的容器端口
hostPort: 89
# 指定协议类型
protocol: TCP
#宿主级暴露端口,它会映射到containerport的容器端口
hostPort:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: nginx-pod2
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx:1.10
# hostport管理
ports:
# 指定http
- name: http
# 指定端口
containerPort: 80
# hsotip监听IP,可通过哪些宿主级ip访问
hostIP: 0.0.0.0
# 宿主级暴露端口,它会映射到containerport的容器端口
hostPort: 89
# 指定协议类型
protocol: TCP
#暴露端口的协议类型
protocol:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: nginx-pod2
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx:1.10
# hostport管理
ports:
# 指定http
- name: http
# 指定端口
containerPort: 80
# hsotip监听IP,可通过哪些宿主级ip访问
hostIP: 0.0.0.0
# 宿主级暴露端口,它会映射到containerport的容器端口
hostPort: 89
# 指定协议类型
protocol: TCP
#固定IP地址
clusterIP:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: nginx-service
spec:
selector:
app: nginx
ports:
- name: http
protocol: TCP
port: 888
targetPort: 80
clusterIP: "10.10.10.11"
#服务类型
type:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: nginx-service2
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
selector:
app: nginx
ports:
- name: http
port: 8080
targetPort: 80
#服务类型
type: NodePort
#node节点创建socker的暴露端口,默认30000~32767
nodePort:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: nginx-service2
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
selector:
app: nginx
ports:
- name: http
port: 8080
targetPort: 80
# 服务类型
type: NodePort