centos7安装mysql5.7过程

1. 将安装包复制到 /usr/local/ 下解压，重命名为mysql并在该目录下创建data目录

2. 安装

报错：

2019-07-09 11:52:38 [warning] mysql_install_db is deprecated. please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
2019-07-09 11:52:38 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
2019-07-09 11:52:43 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn't empty:
2019-07-09 11:52:43 [WARNING] 2019-07-09T15:52:38.658532Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead
2019-07-09T15:52:38.659866Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)
2019-07-09T15:52:38.659900Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000)

解决：

[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

安装

[root@localhost mysql]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# chown 777 /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost mysql]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# cd /etc/
[root@localhost etc]# touch my.cnf
[root@localhost etc]# vim my.cnf

3. my.cnf添加如下内容：

[mysqld]
# 设置3306端口
port = 3306
 
# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
 
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
 
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=200
 
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
character-set-server=utf8
 
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
lower_case_table_names=1

4. 启动mysql

1. /etc/init.d/mysqld start
启动成功：
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
报错：
Starting MySQL.2019-07-09T16:09:53.545882Z mysqld_safe error: log-error set to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log', however file don't exists. Create writable for user 'mysql'.
 ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid).
解决：
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir /var/log/mariadb/
[root@localhost mysql]# touch /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mariadb/
2./etc/init.d/mysqld start
报错：
Starting MySQL.2019-07-09T16:20:51.346363Z mysqld_safe Directory '/var/lib/mysql' for UNIX socket file don't exists.
 ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid).
解决：
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir /var/lib/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# chmod 777 /var/lib/mysql
3./etc/init.d/mysqld start
启动成功：
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!

5. 修改/etc/profile，在最后添加如下内容

# 修改/etc/profile文件
#set mysql environment
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
 
# 使文件生效
[root@localhost mysql]# source /etc/profile

6 . 修改密码

[root@VMTest bin]# cat /root/.mysql_secret
# Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2017-04-17 17:40:02
_pB*3VZl5T<6
[root@VMTest bin]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
报错：
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)
解决：
[root@localhost mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
给报错的/tmp/mysql.sock 创建链接
[root@localhost mysql]# ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
连接成功
[root@VMTest bin]# mysql -uroot -p

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
mysql> set PASSWORD = PASSWORD('root');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

7 . 添加远程访问权限

# 添加远程访问权限
mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
 
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 0 Warnings: 0