Oracle 设置数据库字符集以及修改服务端字符集

1. 设置数据库字符集

选择高级安装，默认是基本安装

2. 修改数据库服务端字符集

首先查看服务端字符集

select * from v$nls_parameters where parameter = 'NLS_CHARACTERSET'

然后用sys用户进行修改

#sqlplus "/as sysdba"

>shutdown immediate;
>startup mount;
>ALTER SESSION SET SQL_TRACE=TRUE;
>ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;
>ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;
>ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;
>ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
>alter database character set AL32UTF8;

ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set
RROR at line 1:

结果报错，提示新字符集必须是老字符集的超集。

于是强制转换

>ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE AL32UTF8;

>shutdown immediate;

>STARTUP;

问题解决。

INTERNAL_USE是没有写在文档中的参数，用于强制完成字符集转化
alter database character set internal_use &charset;
alter database national character set internal_use &ncharset;