XPATH路径查询语言,帮助简化对节点的获取。
(1)XPath介绍:
XPath是在XML文档中查找信息的语言;
XPath是通过元素和属性进行查找;
XPath简化了Dom4j查找节点的过程;
使用XPath必须导入jaxen-1.1-beta-6.jar否则出现NoClassDefFoundError:org/jaxen/JaxenException
(2)XPath语法:
/students/student:通过绝对路径获取students根节点下所有的直接子节点students元素对象
students/student:通过相对路径获取students根节点下所有的直接子节点students元素对象
//name:获取所有的那么元素对象,不考虑位置
student//name:获取student元素下所有的name元素对象
//@id:获取所有的id属性对象
//student[@id]:获取所有带id属性的student元素的对象
//student[@id='002']:获取id等于002的student元素对象
//student[age>20]:获取所有子元素age的值大于20的student元素对象
<pre name="code" class="java">package com.dom4j.demo;
import java.io.File;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
public class XMLUtils {
public static Document readXML(String path) throws DocumentException{
SAXReader reader=new SAXReader();
File file=new File(path);
Document document=reader.read(file);
return document;
}
}
package com.dom4j.demo;
import java.util.List;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.Element;
public class XPath {
public static void main(String[] args) throws DocumentException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Document document=XMLUtils.readXML("stu.xml");
Element root=document.getRootElement();
String xpath="/students/student";//绝对路径
String xpath1="students/student";//相对路径
List list=root.selectNodes(xpath);
System.out.println(list.size());
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<students>
<student id="001">
<name>zhangsan</name>
<age>30</age>
</student>
<student id="002">
<name>lisi</name>
<age>20</age>
</student>
<student id="003">
<name>wangwu</name>
<age>28</age>
</student>
</students>