Android基础学习笔记-简单实现绘画板

前言：这是一个初学者的笔记.....感觉在学校搞来搞去的一大堆课程，很多东西学了不久又会忘记，这个假期在家看视频学习，准备将学习过程的一些实例放到博客里，这样自己再查看代码也就方便一点了。
黑马Android视频学习笔记，Android简单实现绘画板笔记
主要涉及内容：OnTouchListener触摸监听、Canvas、Paint、Bitmap保存图片

界面截图

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener{                      

    private ImageView iv;                                                                        
    private Paint paint;                                                                         
    private Canvas canvas;                                                                       
    private TextView tv_red;                                                                     
    private TextView tv_green;                                                                   
    private TextView tv_blue;                                                                    
    private Bitmap bitmap;                                                                       


    @Override                                                                                    
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {                                         
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);                                                      
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);                                                  
        iv = findViewById(R.id.iv);                                                              
        tv_red = findViewById(R.id.tv_red);                                                      
        tv_green = findViewById(R.id.tv_green);                                                  
        tv_blue = findViewById(R.id.tv_blue);                                                    
        tv_red.setOnClickListener(this);                                                         
        tv_green.setOnClickListener(this);                                                       
        tv_blue.setOnClickListener(this);                                                        

        //1.获取屏幕大小                                                                               
        int width = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getWidth();                           
        int height = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getHeight();                         
        //2.创建一张和屏幕大小一样纸                                                                         
        bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(width,height,Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);                      
        //3.创建画板,将纸放入                                                                            
        canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);                                                             
        canvas.drawColor(Color.WHITE);                                                           
        paint = new Paint();                                                                     
        paint.setColor(Color.BLACK);                                                             
        paint.setStrokeWidth(10); //画笔宽度                                                         


        iv.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {                                       
            int startX;                                                                          
            int startY;                                                                          
            @Override                                                                            
            public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {                                  
                switch (event.getAction()){                                                      
                    case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: //按下动作                                         
                        Log.d("MainActivity", "onTouch: 按下");                                    
                        startX = (int) event.getRawX();  //获取按下位置距离屏幕左边缘的距离                      
                        startY = (int) event.getRawY();  //获取按下位置激励屏幕上边缘的距离                      
                        break;                                                                   
                    case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:  //移动动作                                        
                        Log.d("MainActivity", "onTouch: 移动");                                    
                        int endX = (int) event.getRawX(); //获取移动后的坐标                             
                        int endY = (int) event.getRawY();                                        
                        //将起始坐标和画笔传入画板，画直线                                                       
                        canvas.drawLine(startX,startY,endX,endY,paint);                          
                        //重新定义起始位置                                                               
                        startX = (int) event.getRawX();                                          
                        startY = (int) event.getRawY();                                          
                        iv.setImageBitmap(bitmap);                                               
                        break;                                                                   
                    case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:                                                  
                        Log.d("MainActivity", "onTouch: 放开");                                    
                }                                                                                

                return true;                                                                     
            }                                                                                    
        });                                                                                      
    }                                                                                            
     /*                                                                                          
      * TextView修改Paint画笔颜色*/                                                                    
    @Override                                                                                    
    public void onClick(View v) {                                                                
        switch (v.getId()){                                                                      
            case R.id.tv_red:                                                                    
                paint.setColor(Color.RED);                                                       
                break;                                                                           
                case R.id.tv_green:                                                              
                    paint.setColor(Color.GREEN);                                                 
                break;                                                                           
                case R.id.tv_blue:                                                               
                    paint.setColor(Color.BLUE);                                                  
                    break;                                                                       
        }                                                                                        
    }                                                                                            

    //保存图片                                                                                       
    public void saveImage(View v) {                                                              
        try {                                                                                    
            File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),                      
                    System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg");     //Android4.0之后保存需要手动授权             
            FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);                                   
            bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, fos); //100表示图片输出质量                 
            fos.close();                                                                         
            Toast.makeText(this, "保存成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                             
            //模拟SD卡cherub事件                                                                      
            Intent intent = new Intent();                                                        
            intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_MOUNTED);                                       
            intent.setData(Uri.fromFile(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()));             
            sendBroadcast(intent);                                                               
        }catch (Exception e){                                                                    
            e.printStackTrace();                                                                 
            Toast.makeText(this, "保存失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                             
        }                                                                                        
    }                                                                                            
}                                                                                                

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布局文件代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.zran.ontouch.MainActivity">
    <ImageView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:id="@+id/iv"
        android:background="#ffffff"
        />
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_red"
            android:layout_width="20dp"
            android:layout_height="20dp"
            android:background="#ff0008"
            />
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_green"
            android:layout_width="20dp"
            android:layout_height="20dp"
            android:background="#2bff00"
            />
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_blue"
            android:layout_width="20dp"
            android:layout_height="20dp"
            android:background="#0400ff"
            />
    </LinearLayout>
    <Button
        android:onClick="saveImage"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="保存图片"/>

</RelativeLayout>