stream(流) iterator之一个例子

The following two simple programs sort all strings read from the standard input and print them without duplicates, by using two different containers. Compared with ordinary C or C++, the example does a lot of complex processing by using only a few statements:

• Using vector

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
#include <iterator>
using namespace std;

void main()
{
	vector<string> coll;
	// read all words from the standard input
	// - source: all strings until end-of-file (or error)
	// - destination: coll (inserting)

	copy(istream_iterator<string>(cin),  // start of source
		 istream_iterator<string>(),     // end of source
		 back_inserter(coll));           // destination
	// vector<string> coll(istream_iterator<string> (cin), istream_iterator());

	sort(coll.begin(), coll.end());     // sort elements

	// print all elements without duplicates
	// - source: coll
	// - destination: standard output (with newline between elements)
	unique_copy(coll.begin(), coll.end(), // source
		ostream_iterator<string>(cout, "\n")); // // destination

	cin.get();
}

• Using set

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
#include <set>
using namespace std;
void main()
{
	// create a string set
	// - initialized by all words from standard input
	set<string> coll((istream_iterator<string>(cin)),
		istream_iterator<string>());

	// print all elements
	copy(coll.cbegin(), coll.cend(),
		ostream_iterator<string>(cout, "\n"));
}