用python来解析xml文件(简单情况)

首先，sax解析最直观，当然，也可以容许xml文件出些错。

先给定一个xml文件book.xml,

< catalog >
   < book  isbn ="0-596-00128-2" >
     < title > Python  &amp;  XML </ title >
     < author > Jones, Drake </ author >
   </ book >
   < book  isbn ="0-596-00085-5" >
     < title > Programming Python </ title >
     < author > Lutz </ author >
   </ book >
    < book  isbn ="0-596-00281-5" >
     < title > Learning Python </ title >
     < author > Lutz, Ascher </ author >
   </ book >
    < book  isbn ="0-596-00797-3" >
     < title > Python Cookbook </ title >
     < author > Martelli, Ravenscroft, Ascher </ author >
   </ book >
  <!--  imagine more entries here  -->
</ catalog >

写一个BookHandler, 如下：

 

#  -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import  xml.sax.handler

class  BookHandler(xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler):
   def   __init__ (self):
    self.inTitle  =  0                                 #  handle XML parser events
    self.mapping  =  {}                                #  a state machine model

   def  startElement(self, name, attributes):
     if  name  ==   " book " :                               #  on start book tag
      self.buffer  =   ""                                #  save ISBN for dict key
      self.isbn  =  attributes[ " isbn " ]
     elif  name  ==   " title " :                            #  on start title tag
      self.inTitle  =   1                                #  save title text to follow

   def  characters(self, data):
     if  self.inTitle:                                 #  on text within tag
      self.buffer  +=  data                            #  save text if in title

   def  endElement(self, name):
     if  name  ==   " title " :
      self.inTitle  =  0                               #  on end title tag
      self.mapping[self.isbn]  =  self.buffer          #  store title text in dict

import  xml.sax
import  pprint

parser  =  xml.sax.make_parser( )
handler  =  BookHandler( )
parser.setContentHandler(handler)
parser.parse( ' book.xml ' )

pprint.pprint(handler.mapping)

      

结果如下：

Process started >>>
{u'0-596-00085-5': u'Programming Python',
 u'0-596-00128-2': u'Python & XML',
 u'0-596-00281-5': u'Learning Python',
 u'0-596-00797-3': u'Python Cookbook'}<<< Process finished.
================ READY ================

不过，这是比较简单的情况了。而且我们可以看到，结果全是以unicode串输出的。


 

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