Oracle Data guard 物理standby 测试

作者：ikmb@163.com

 

测试环境：

OS:Win 2008 EE R2

Oracle:11G R2 EE

 

测试过程：

1、两机同时open
主库插入commit后，备库能实时看到

 

2、主库open，备库down后
主库能正常插入commit
备库重记后，主备会变为maximize performance，重设主库为maximize availability，以只读打开备库，再重设备库为maximize availability
主
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE disconnect from session;
备
startup mount;
alter database open read only;
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE disconnect from session;

 

3、主库down，备库open后
主
startup
备
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE disconnect from session;
备实时应用和就与主库同步了

 

4、将备库转为主库
转换standby 角色为primary
alter database recover managed standby database finish force;
alter database commit to switchover to primary;
alter database open;

 

5、备库转为主库后再创建备库（以下提到主库为以前备库）
确保有备库重做日志
SELECT GROUP#,THREAD#,SEQUENCE#,ARCHIVED,STATUS FROM V$STANDBY_LOG;

查看主库归档路径
show parameter log_archive_dest;
主库
log_archive_dest_1='location=E:/app/Administrator/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/database/archive MANDATORY'
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=ydgt LGWR SYNC AFFIRM REOPEN=1800 VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=ydgt'
确保数据库处于归档模式：
archive log list;
在主库上面创建从库的初始化参数文件ydgt.ora（将其拷贝回从库后转换成从库的 spfile）：
create pfile='D:/backup/ydgt.ora' from spfile;
shutdown immediate;
将主库E:/app/Administrator/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/database/PWDstandby.ora拷到d:/backup/PWDydgt.ora
将主库E:/app/Administrator/oradata/ydgt内除了ctl文件全部拷贝到d:/backup/standby

重设主库
create pfile='E:/app/Administrator/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/database/initstandby.ora' from spfile;
修改以下内容：
FAL_SERVER='standby';
FAL_CLIENT='ydgt';
LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(standby,ydgt)';
DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='E:/app/Administrator/oradata/standby','E:/app/Administrator/oradata/ydgt';
LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='E:/app/Administrator/oradata/standby','E:/app/Administrator/oradata/ydgt';
shutdown immediate;
create spfile from pfile='E:/app/Administrator/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/database/initstandby.ora';

在主库上面创建从库的控制文件ydgt.ctl ：
startup
alter database create standby controlfile as 'D:/backup/ydgt.ctl';

在从库中创建目录：
E:/app/Administrator/oradata/ydgt
E:/app/Administrator/flash_recovery_area
E:/app/Administrator/admin/ydgt/adump
E:/app/Administrator/admin/ydgt/pfile

文件拷贝：
将主库d:/backup/ydgt/内文件拷贝到从库E:/app/Administrator/oradata/ydgt/
将主库d:/backup/PWDydgt.ora拷贝到从库e:/app/Administrator/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/database/PWDydgt.ora
将主库D:/backup/ydgt.ora拷贝到从库e:/
将主库D:/backup/ydgt.ctl拷贝到从库E:/app/Administrator/oradata/ydgt/

修改两主机host
192.168.0.227 ydgt
192.168.0.228 standby

在备库创建实例：
oradim -new -sid ydgt -startmode manual

在备库上运行netca，将创建listener.ora、tnsnames.ora 和监听服务

修改两主机listener.ora中的host为ydgt和standby

修改主库listener.ora中SID_LIST_LISTENER
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = standby)
      (ORACLE_HOME = E:/app/Administrator/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
    )
  )

修改备库listener.ora中SID_LIST_LISTENER
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = ydgt)
      (ORACLE_HOME = E:/app/Administrator/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
    )
  )

重启两库listener

在主从库的tnsnames.ora内容为：
YDGT =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.227)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = ydgt)
    )
  )

standby =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.228)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = standby)
    )
  )

修改从库e:/ydgt.ora ，里面的全部内容如下（删除了原来的control_files参数，将instance_name改成了STANDBY）：
*.audit_file_dest='E:/app/Administrator/admin/ydgt/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_cache_size=1543503872
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='ydgt'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ydgtXDB)','(PROTOCOL=TCP)'
*.fast_start_mttr_target=300
*.instance_name='ydgt'
*.java_pool_size=16777216
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.large_pool_size=16777216
*.sga_target=2063597568
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=E:/app/Administrator/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/database/archive MANDATORY'
*.log_archive_start=TRUE
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=1375731712
*.memory_target=3430940672
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.shared_pool_size=452984832
*.star_transformation_enabled='FALSE'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.standby_file_management=AUTO
*.lock_name_space='ydgt'
*.control_files='E:/app/Administrator/oradata/ydgt/YDGT.CTL'

db_unique_name=ydgt
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(standby,ydgt)'
*.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='E:/app/Administrator/oradata/standby','E:/app/Administrator/oradata/ydgt'
*.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='E:/app/Administrator/oradata/standby','E:/app/Administrator/oradata/ydgt'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=ydgt%t_%s_%r.arc

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=standby LGWR SYNC AFFIRM REOPEN=1800 VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE
*.REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE
*.FAL_SERVER=standby
*.FAL_CLIENT=ydgt
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO

进入sqlplus将ydgt.ora创建成从库的spfile
sqlplus /nolog
conn / as sysdba;
shutdown immediate;
Sql>create spfile from pfile='e:/ydgt.ora';
可能会出现TNS: 协议适配器错误，解决：set oracle_sid=ydgt

 

创建备用重做日志
startup mount;
SELECT GROUP#,THREAD#,SEQUENCE#,ARCHIVED,STATUS FROM V$STANDBY_LOG;
比主库多一组：
alter database add standby logfile group 9 ('E:/app/Administrator/oradata/ydgt/sby_redo06.rdo') size 50M;

重启备库：
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
只读方式打开
alter database open read only;
后台实时应用
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE disconnect from session;