NFS+DHCP+TFTP+KICKSTART无人值守安装RHEL4及NIS+autofs身份统一验证
实现上述KICKSTART安装的过程是这样的:PXE网卡启动------DHCP服务器------获得IP------从TFTP上下载 pxelinux.0、vmlinuz、initrd------启动系统------通过PEXlinux去NFS服务器下载ks.cfg文件-----跟据ks.cfg去NFS服务器下载RPM包及安装系统和配置系统------完成安装。
服务器IP设为192.168.0.109
1、配置nis并集成autofs环境
1)安装ypserv ypbind yptools 软件包
2)配置NIS
在/etc/sysconfig/network文件中加入
NISDOMAIN=greatsky.com(我选的域)
/etc/sysconfig/network文件内容:
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=route.greatsky.com
NISDOMAIN=greatsky.com
修改当前域为greatsky.com
# domainname greatsky.com
编辑/var/yp/Makefile文件all部分:
all: passwd group auto.master auto.home
这样就在NIS服务器端就集成了autofs了.
执行/usr/lib/ypinit -m或用make编译
启动 yppasswdd 和 ypserv 服务
# service yppasswdd start
# service ypserv restart
2、 配制一个NFS服务器及生成kickstart文件:
1)共享RHEL4安装树目录和/home目录(为NIS客户端自动挂载服务器用户主目录做准备)
服务器/etc/exports文件内容:
/pub *(ro,sync)
/home *(rw,sync)
在/pub/RHEL4U5目录下存放RHEL4U5安装树文件
2)用system-config-kickstart命令做一个ks.cfg文件,在“安装方法”选项中 选NFS,写入正确的NFS服务器的
IP地址和安装树共享路径,身份验证选NIS服务;在安装后的执行脚本写入rm -rf /etc/auto.master确保客户端使用服
务器的auto.master文件.生成的配置文件ks.cfg复制到共享目录/pub下.
ks.cfg文件内容:
#SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
#XWindows configuration information
xconfig --depth=32 --resolution=1024x768 --defaultdesktop=GNOME
#Package install information
%packages --resolvedeps
@ base-x
@ gnome-desktop
@ editors
@ graphical-internet
@ text-internet
@ server-cfg
@ web-server
@ mail-server
@ smb-server
@ ftp-server
@ network-server
@ development-tools
@ x-software-development
@ gnome-software-development
@ kde-software-development
@ compat-arch-development
@ legacy-software-development
@ admin-tools
@ system-tools
%post
rm -rf /etc/auto.master
rm -rf /etc/auto.home
3、 配制DHCP、TFTP、和PXElinux。(当然这些服务可以和HTTP放在一台服器上)
1)安装tftp软件包。用chkconfig tftp on 打开xinetd代理的tftp服务,重新启动xientd服务
2)配置DHCP服务器内容如下:
ddns-update-style interim;
ignore client-updates;
subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
# --- default gateway
option routers 192.168.0.1;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
# option nis-domain "greatsky.com";
option domain-name "greatsky.com";
option domain-name-servers 192.168.0.109;
option time-offset -18000; # Eastern Standard Time
# option ntp-servers 192.168.0.1;
# option netbios-name-servers 192.168.0.1;
# --- Selects point-to-point node (default is hybrid). Don't change this unless
# -- you understand Netbios very well
# option netbios-node-type 2;
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.0.100 192.168.0.254;
default-lease-time 21600;
max-lease-time 43200;
# we want the nameserver to appear at a fixed address
# host ns {
# next-server marvin.redhat.com;
# hardware ethernet 12:34:56:78:AB:CD;
# fixed-address 207.175.42.254;
# }
}
allow bootp;
allow booting;
next-server 192.168.0.109;
filename "/pxelinux.0";
最后4行是新加的,保证让网卡PXE启动分配IP和启动时加载pxelinux.0
3)配制PEXlinux。要远程启动机器,就必须要有PXElinux这个由syslinux、isolinux派生出来的,支持PXE的
bootloader,它可以实现远程通过PXE启动一台机器。把/usr/lib/syslinux/pxelinux.0考到/tftpboot目录下,把
RedHat第一张安装光盘上/image/pxeboot/initr.img和vmlinux也考到/tftpboot目录下。在 /tftpboot建一个
pxelinux.cfg目录,用于放syslinux的配制文件。Sysconfig的配制文件有现成的可用,把安装树
isolinux/isolinux.cfg文件复制为/tftpboot/default,把isolinux/*(所有文件)复制到 /tftpboot下(Loader就是
个isolinux)。
命令如下:
# cp /usr/lib/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /tftpboot/
# mkdir /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/
# cp /pub/RHEL4U5/isolinux/* /tftpboot/
# cp /tftpboot/isolinux.cfg /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
4、为了加快在安装时解域,需要配置DNS
/etc/named.conf文件内容中加入:
zone "greatsky.com" IN {
type master;
file "greatsky.com.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
在/var/named/chroot/var/named/greatsky.com.zone文件写入相应的记录:
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA greatsky.com. root.greatsky.com. (
42 ; serial (d. adams)
3H ; refresh
15M ; retry
1W ; expiry
1D ) ; minimum
@ IN NS route.greatsky.com
route.greatsky.com IN A 192.168.0.109
stu100 IN A 192.168.0.100
stu101 IN A 192.168.0.101
stu102 IN A 192.168.0.102
stu103 IN A 192.168.0.103
stu104 IN A 192.168.0.104
stu105 IN A 192.168.0.105
stu106 IN A 192.168.0.106
.
.
.
stu248 IN A 192.168.0.248
stu249 IN A 192.168.0.249
stu250 IN A 192.168.0.250
stu251 IN A 192.168.0.251
stu252 IN A 192.168.0.252
stu253 IN A 192.168.0.253
stu254 IN A 192.168.0.254
实现上述KICKSTART安装的过程是这样的:PXE网卡启动------DHCP服务器------获得IP------从TFTP上下载 pxelinux.0、vmlinuz、initrd------启动系统------通过PEXlinux去NFS服务器下载ks.cfg文件-----跟据ks.cfg去NFS服务器下载RPM包及安装系统和配置系统------完成安装。
服务器IP设为192.168.0.109
1、配置nis并集成autofs环境
1)安装ypserv ypbind yptools 软件包
2)配置NIS
在/etc/sysconfig/network文件中加入
NISDOMAIN=greatsky.com(我选的域)
/etc/sysconfig/network文件内容:
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=route.greatsky.com
NISDOMAIN=greatsky.com
修改当前域为greatsky.com
# domainname greatsky.com
编辑/var/yp/Makefile文件all部分:
all: passwd group auto.master auto.home
这样就在NIS服务器端就集成了autofs了.
执行/usr/lib/ypinit -m或用make编译
启动 yppasswdd 和 ypserv 服务
# service yppasswdd start
# service ypserv restart
2、 配制一个NFS服务器及生成kickstart文件:
1)共享RHEL4安装树目录和/home目录(为NIS客户端自动挂载服务器用户主目录做准备)
服务器/etc/exports文件内容:
/pub *(ro,sync)
/home *(rw,sync)
在/pub/RHEL4U5目录下存放RHEL4U5安装树文件
2)用system-config-kickstart命令做一个ks.cfg文件,在“安装方法”选项中 选NFS,写入正确的NFS服务器的
IP地址和安装树共享路径,身份验证选NIS服务;在安装后的执行脚本写入rm -rf /etc/auto.master确保客户端使用服
务器的auto.master文件.生成的配置文件ks.cfg复制到共享目录/pub下.
ks.cfg文件内容:
#SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
#XWindows configuration information
xconfig --depth=32 --resolution=1024x768 --defaultdesktop=GNOME
#Package install information
%packages --resolvedeps
@ base-x
@ gnome-desktop
@ editors
@ graphical-internet
@ text-internet
@ server-cfg
@ web-server
@ mail-server
@ smb-server
@ ftp-server
@ network-server
@ development-tools
@ x-software-development
@ gnome-software-development
@ kde-software-development
@ compat-arch-development
@ legacy-software-development
@ admin-tools
@ system-tools
%post
rm -rf /etc/auto.master
rm -rf /etc/auto.home
3、 配制DHCP、TFTP、和PXElinux。(当然这些服务可以和HTTP放在一台服器上)
1)安装tftp软件包。用chkconfig tftp on 打开xinetd代理的tftp服务,重新启动xientd服务
2)配置DHCP服务器内容如下:
ddns-update-style interim;
ignore client-updates;
subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
# --- default gateway
option routers 192.168.0.1;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
# option nis-domain "greatsky.com";
option domain-name "greatsky.com";
option domain-name-servers 192.168.0.109;
option time-offset -18000; # Eastern Standard Time
# option ntp-servers 192.168.0.1;
# option netbios-name-servers 192.168.0.1;
# --- Selects point-to-point node (default is hybrid). Don't change this unless
# -- you understand Netbios very well
# option netbios-node-type 2;
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.0.100 192.168.0.254;
default-lease-time 21600;
max-lease-time 43200;
# we want the nameserver to appear at a fixed address
# host ns {
# next-server marvin.redhat.com;
# hardware ethernet 12:34:56:78:AB:CD;
# fixed-address 207.175.42.254;
# }
}
allow bootp;
allow booting;
next-server 192.168.0.109;
filename "/pxelinux.0";
最后4行是新加的,保证让网卡PXE启动分配IP和启动时加载pxelinux.0
3)配制PEXlinux。要远程启动机器,就必须要有PXElinux这个由syslinux、isolinux派生出来的,支持PXE的
bootloader,它可以实现远程通过PXE启动一台机器。把/usr/lib/syslinux/pxelinux.0考到/tftpboot目录下,把
RedHat第一张安装光盘上/image/pxeboot/initr.img和vmlinux也考到/tftpboot目录下。在 /tftpboot建一个
pxelinux.cfg目录,用于放syslinux的配制文件。Sysconfig的配制文件有现成的可用,把安装树
isolinux/isolinux.cfg文件复制为/tftpboot/default,把isolinux/*(所有文件)复制到 /tftpboot下(Loader就是
个isolinux)。
命令如下:
# cp /usr/lib/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /tftpboot/
# mkdir /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/
# cp /pub/RHEL4U5/isolinux/* /tftpboot/
# cp /tftpboot/isolinux.cfg /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
4、为了加快在安装时解域,需要配置DNS
/etc/named.conf文件内容中加入:
zone "greatsky.com" IN {
type master;
file "greatsky.com.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
在/var/named/chroot/var/named/greatsky.com.zone文件写入相应的记录:
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA greatsky.com. root.greatsky.com. (
42 ; serial (d. adams)
3H ; refresh
15M ; retry
1W ; expiry
1D ) ; minimum
@ IN NS route.greatsky.com
route.greatsky.com IN A 192.168.0.109
stu100 IN A 192.168.0.100
stu101 IN A 192.168.0.101
stu102 IN A 192.168.0.102
stu103 IN A 192.168.0.103
stu104 IN A 192.168.0.104
stu105 IN A 192.168.0.105
stu106 IN A 192.168.0.106
.
.
.
stu248 IN A 192.168.0.248
stu249 IN A 192.168.0.249
stu250 IN A 192.168.0.250
stu251 IN A 192.168.0.251
stu252 IN A 192.168.0.252
stu253 IN A 192.168.0.253
stu254 IN A 192.168.0.254