重载 重写 覆盖

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int f(int i){cout<<"int f(int i)"<<endl;}
int f(){return 1;}
int main()
{
    int f();   
    f(2);
}

overload_test.cpp: In function ‘int main()’:
overload_test.cpp:8:8: error: too many arguments to function ‘int f()’
     f(2);
        ^
overload_test.cpp:7:9: note: declared here
     int f(); 

第７行的int f() 声明隐藏了外面所有的f

重写虚函数

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Base
{
    public:
        virtual int f()
        {
            cout<<"base::f"<<endl;
            return 1;
        }
};
class Derive: public Base
{
    public:
//重写不需要加virtual（当然加了也行） 如果只有返回类型不同既不是重载也不是重写，如void f()报错
        int f()　
        {
            cout<<"derive::f"<<endl;
            return 1;
        }
};

int main()
{
    Derive d;   
    Base* pb=&d;
    pb->f();//输出 derive::f
}

类内重载

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Base
{
    public:
        virtual int f()
        {
            cout<<"base::f"<<endl;
            return 1;
        }
};
class Derive: public Base
{
    public:
        /*int f()
        {
            cout<<"derive::f"<<endl;
            return 1;
        }*/
        int f(int)
        {
            cout<<"derive::f_I"<<endl;
            return 1;
        }
         
};
class Grand:public Derive
{

};
int main()
{
    Derive d;   
    Base* pb=&d;
    Grand g;
   // g.f(); //报错，
    g.f(2);//输出derive::f_I
    //d.f();//报错　被隐藏了
    d.f(2);//输出derive::f_I
    pb->f();//输出　base::f
    //pb->f(2);//报错 因为base并没有定义 int f(int)
}

带有命名空间的