dubbo (速度)更快,(并发)更高,(性能)更强

原理:前人之述备矣

1. 何为dubbo

dubbo 是阿里巴巴公司开源的高性能服务框架,底层实现是基于原生的TCP协议

2. dubbo VS Feign

feign同样也可以用作微服务之间的调用,dubbo 的优势何在

1. dubbo支持多种传输协议,在传输小数据量时性能更高
2. dubbo的负载均衡设置最小单位是方法 , 而feign是客户端
3. dubbo协议采用单一长连接和NIO通讯，支持大并发量

3. 项目构造

1. ticket 电影票微服务 (基本搭建略过)
2. order 订单微服务 (基本搭建略过)
3. 微服务间调用使用dubbo

3.1 父级项目搭建

	<!--公共的一些配置-->
    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR2</spring-cloud.version>
        <alibaba.version>2.1.0.RELEASE</alibaba.version>
        <spring-boot.version>2.1.13.RELEASE</spring-boot.version>
    </properties>

    <!--1.管理SpringBoot的依赖-->
    <parent>
        <groupId> org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.13.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${alibaba.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>

            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.16.20</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

3.2 dubbo-api公共接口引入

import com.qiuming.alibaba.domain.Ticket;
import com.qiuming.alibaba.domain.to.TicketTO;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author 
 * dubbo提供的tpc协议，实现微服务之间相互调用
 */
public interface TicketService {

    /**
     * 展示所有上线的电影票
     * 
     * @return
     */
    List<Ticket> listAllOnlineTicket();
    
}

3.3 改造ticket服务 (提供者)

1. 在项目中引入dubbo 的 maven

   <!--该包为上述引入的dubbo-api包-->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>com.qiuming</groupId>
       <artifactId>alibaba-dubbo-api</artifactId>
       <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
       <scope>compile</scope>
   </dependency>
   
   <dependency>
       <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-dubbo</artifactId>
   </dependency>
   

2. 实现dubbo-api接口

   ! 注解@service 的 全限定名为org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.Service

   import com.qiuming.alibaba.domain.to.TicketTO;
   import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.Service;
   import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
   import com.qiuming.alibaba.api.TicketService;
   import com.qiuming.alibaba.domain.Ticket;
   import com.qiuming.alibaba.mapper.TicketMapper;
   
   import java.util.List;
   
   /**
    * dubbo api的实现
    *
    * @author 
    **/
   @Service
   public class DubboTicketServiceImpl implements TicketService {
   
       @Autowired
       private TicketMapper ticketMapper;
   
       @Override
       public List<Ticket> listAllOnlineTicket() {
           return ticketMapper.listAllOnlineTicket();
       }
   
   }
   

3. 增加yml配置

   dubbo:
     scan:
       base-packages: com.qiuming.alibaba.api #dubbo扫描包,一定要将dubbo-api和其实现都放在该包下面
     protocol:
       name: dubbo #通信协议的名称,默认dubbo
       port: 20883 #使用的通讯协议的默认端口,注意端口冲突
     registry:
       address: spring-cloud://192.168.1.7 #使用springcloud进行注册
   

3.4 改造order服务(消费者)

1. maven引入

   <!--dubbo-api的引入-->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>com.qiuming</groupId>
       <artifactId>alibaba-dubbo-api</artifactId>
       <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
       <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-dubbo</artifactId>
   </dependency>
   

2. 在业务层中引入dubbo-api

   ! 注解@Reference 的 全限定名为org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.Reference

   ! 注解@Service 的 全限定名为org.springframework.stereotype.Service

   package com.qiuming.alibaba.service.impl;
   
   import com.qiuming.alibaba.api.TicketService;
   import com.qiuming.alibaba.domain.Ticket;
   import com.qiuming.alibaba.service.OrderService;
   import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.Reference;
   import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
   import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
   import java.util.*;
   
   /**
    * @author 
    * 业务实现类
    **/
   @Service
   @Transactional
   public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {
       
       @Reference
       private TicketService ticketService;
   
       @Override
   	public List<Ticket> listAllOnlineTicket(){
           List<Ticket> tickets = ticketService.listAllOnlineTicket();
           return tickets;
       }
   
   }
   
   

3. yml配置增加

   dubbo:
     scan:
       base-packages: com.qiuming.alibaba.api #dubbo扫描包,一定要将dubbo-api放在该包下面
     protocol:
       name: dubbo #通信协议的名称,默认dubbo
       port: 20889 #使用的通讯协议的默认端口,注意端口冲突
     registry:
       address: spring-cloud://192.168.1.7 #使用springcloud进行注册
     cloud:
       subscribed-services: ticket-service #指向提供者的服务名