1. Nginx安装
1.1. 安装编译环境
yum groupinstall Development Tools和DevelopmentLibraries
注:该安装包包含大多数的编译工具。例如c++、c等等
1.2. 安装依赖包
安装:yum install gcc openssl-devel pcre-devel zlib-devel pcre-devel.x86_64
1.3. 创建用户和用户组
为了方便nginx运行而不影响linux安全
创建组:groupadd-r nginx
创建用户:useradd-r -g nginx -M nginx
-M表示不创建用户的家目录。
1.4. 编译安装nginx
#./configure \
--prefix=/usr \
--sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \
--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \
--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \
--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \
--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi \
--with-pcre
# make && make install
1.5. 配置Nginx为系统服务,以方便管理
1、在/etc/rc.d/init.d/目录中建立文本文件nginx
2、在文件中粘贴下面的内容:
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops thenginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no"] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && ./etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs() {
#make required directories
user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
for opt in $options; do
if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
# echo "creating"$value
mkdir -p $value && chown-R $user $value
fi
fi
done
}
start() {
[-x $nginx ] || exit 5
[-f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
make_dirs
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[$retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[$retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0{start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac
3、修改nginx文件的执行权限
chmod+x nginx
4、添加该文件到系统服务中去
chkconfig--add nginx
查看是否添加成功
chkconfig--list nginx
启动,停止,重新装载
service nginx start|stop
2. Nginx集群(轮训权重)
配置nginx.conf文件
upstream cluster {
server 192.168.118.135:8080 weight=2;
server 192.168.118.137:8080;
}
location / {
proxy_pass http://cluster;
}
3. Memcache实现会话一致
1、安装libevent
2、安装memcached
3、启动memcached
memcached-d -m 128m -p 11211 -l 192.168.197.128 -u root -P /temp/
-d:后台启动服务
-m:缓存大小
-p:端口
-l:IP
-P:服务器启动后的系统进程ID,存储的文件
-u:服务器启动是以哪个用户名作为管理用户
3、拷贝jar到tomcat的lib下
4、配置tomcat,每个tomcat里面的context.xml中加入:
<ManagerclassName="de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager"
memcachedNodes="n1:192.168.197.128:11211"
sticky="false"
lockingMode="auto"
sessionBackupAsync="false"
requestUriIgnorePattern=".*\.(ico|png|gif|jpg|css|js)$"
sessionBackupTimeout="1000"transcoderFactoryClass="de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.kryo.KryoTranscoderFactory"
/>
<ManagerclassName="de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager"
memcachedNodes="n1:host1.yourdomain.com:11211,n2:host2.yourdomain.com:11211"
sticky="false"
sessionBackupAsync="false"
lockingMode="uriPattern:/path1|/path2"
requestUriIgnorePattern=".*\.(ico|png|gif|jpg|css|js)$"
transcoderFactoryClass="de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.kryo.KryoTranscoderFactory"
/>
错误:
如果启动时出现“memcached: error while loading shared libraries:libevent-2.0.so.5:cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory”之类的信息,表示memcached找不到
libevent 的位置
所以,请先使用whereislibevent 得到位置,然后连接到memcached 所寻找的路径
首先查看,libevent 在哪里
# whereislibevent
libevent:/usr/local/lib/libevent.la /usr/local/lib/libevent.so /usr/local/lib/libevent.a
然后,再看memcached 从哪里找它
#LD_DEBUG=libs memcached -v 2>&1 > /dev/null | less
可以看到:是/usr/lib/libevent-2.0.so.5,所以,创建软链
[root@localhost tools]# ln -s/usr/local/lib/libevent-2.0.so.5 /usr/lib/libevent-2.0.so.5