First_Week的作业练习1

1、导入一个小乌龟模块turtle,控制turtle的爬行轨迹组成一副图案

import turtle
turtle.pencolor('red')
turtle.fillcolor('red')
turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(-300,200)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.forward(660)
turtle.rt(90)
turtle.forward(440)
turtle.rt(90)
turtle.forward(660)
turtle.rt(90)
turtle.forward(440)
turtle.end_fill()
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(-190,156)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.pencolor('yellow')
turtle.fillcolor('yellow')
turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.rt(162)
for _ in range(5):
    turtle.forward(125)
    turtle.rt(144)

turtle.end_fill()
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(-80,150)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.fillcolor('yellow')
turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.rt(162)
for _ in range(5):
    turtle.forward(42)
    turtle.rt(144)
turtle.end_fill()
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(-36,100)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.fillcolor('yellow')
turtle.begin_fill()
for _ in range(5):
    turtle.forward(42)
    turtle.rt(144)
turtle.end_fill()
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(-36,20)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.fillcolor('yellow')
turtle.begin_fill()
for _ in range(5):
    turtle.forward(42)
    turtle.rt(144)
turtle.end_fill()
turtle.fillcolor('yellow')
turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(-80,-30)
turtle.pendown()
for _ in range(5):
    turtle.forward(42)
    turtle.rt(144)
turtle.end_fill()
turtle.mainloop()

2、求圆的面积

radius=float(input('输入圆的半径'))
PI=3.14
print('圆的面积=%f'%(PI*radius**2))
print('圆的周长=%f'%(2*PI*radius))

说明：在python中语言层面中没有定义常量的语法，但是我们可以通过把变量名用大写来做一个隐含提示（隐喻），全大写的变量要当常量来看待在代码中不能修改它的值（比如上面程序的PI），符号常量总是优于字面常量（比如3.14如果直接写数字的话，用到3.14的地方很多的话，每次都要写3.14太麻烦，所以我们把3.14赋值给PI即：PI=3.14）。在这里我们求圆的面积需要用到圆周率pi,这里我们也可以通过import math（导入一个数学模块）从数学模块提取pi格式：math.pi

3、英制单位转换为公制单位

inch = float(input('请输入英寸：'))
cm = inch * 2.54
print('换算后得到%.2fcm' % cm)
print(str(inch) + '英寸' + '=' + str(cm) + '厘米')

4、任意输入一年判断年份是否为闰年

year = int(input('请输入年份：'))
condition1 = year % 4 == 0
condition2 = year % 100 != 0
condition3 = year % 400 ==0
is_leap = condition1 and condition2 or condition3
print(is_leap)
if is_leap:
    print('%d年是闰年：' % year,is_leap)
else:
    print('%d年不是闰年' % year)

5、华氏温度和摄氏温度的转换

fahrenheit_temp=float(input('请输入一个华氏温度'))
celsius_temp=(fahrenheit_temp-32)/1.8
print('输出摄氏温度=',celsius_temp,'℃')
celsius_temp=float(input('请输入一个摄氏温度'))
fahrenheit_temp=(celsius_temp*1.8)+32
print('输出华氏温度=',fahrenheit_temp,'℉')

6、求修建泳池过道和围墙的费用

from math import pi
radius = float(input('请输入泳池的半径：'))
aisle_area = pi * (radius + 3) ** 2 - pi * radius ** 2
fence_length = 2 * pi * (radius + 3)
aisle_charge = 25 * aisle_area
fence_charge = 35.5 * fence_length
print('修建过道的费用%.2f' % aisle_charge)
print('修建围墙的费用%.2f' % fence_charge)

7、已知三角形三边求三角形面积

import math
a=float(input('请输入第一个边长'))
b=float(input('请输入第二个边长'))
c=float(input('请输入第三个边长'))
p=(a+b+c)/2
if a+b>c and a+c>b and b+c>a:
    # print('三角形的周长l=',a+b+c)
    # print('三角形的面积=',math.sqrt(p*(p-a)*(p-b)*(p-c)))
    print('三角形的周长=%f' % (a+b+c))
    print('三角形的面积=%f' % (math.sqrt(p*(p-a)*(p-b)*(p-c))))

else:
     print('这不能构成三角形')

8、求1到100数字之和，偶数之和,求3或者5的倍数数之和

my_num = 0
for num in range(101):
    my_num += num
print(my_num)
even_num = 0
for _ in range(0,101,2):
    even_num += num
print(even_num)
my_num = 0
for num in range(101)
    if num % 3 == 0 or num % 5 == 0:
        my_num += num
print(my_num)

9、计算机随机产生一个随机数，人来猜，机器来猜

from random import randint
com_num = randint(1,100)
while True:
    my_num = int(input('猜的数字：'))
    if my_num > com_num:
        print('请小一点')
    elif my_num < com_num:
        print('请大一点')
    else:
        print('恭喜你猜对啦')
        break 
print(my_num) 

from random import randint
my_num = int(input('我的数字='))
game_over = False
while not game_over:
    com_answer = randint(1,100)
    print(com_answer)
    if com_answer < my_num:
        print('请大一点')
    elif com_answer > my_num:
        print('请小一点')
    else:
        print('恭喜你猜正确了')
        game_over = True
print('游戏结束')

改进后

from random import randint
my_num = int(input('请输入我的数字:'))
a = 1
b =100
# com_num = randint(a,b)
game_over = 0
while not game_over: 
    com_num = randint(a,b)
    print(com_num)
    if com_num > my_num:
        print('请小一点')
        b = com_num - 1

    elif com_num < my_num:
        print('请大一点')
        a = com_num + 1

    else:
        print('恭喜猜正确了')
        game_over = 1
print('游戏结束')   

10、人机猜拳

from random import randint
my_asset = 1000
com_asset = 1000
# bet =int(input('请下注:'))
round = 1
while  my_asset != 0 and com_asset != 0:
    bet = int(input('请下注:'))
    if bet <= my_asset and bet <= com_asset:
        print('round %d' % round)
        my_num = int(input('你出的是：'))
        com_num = randint(1,3)
        if my_num == 1 and com_num == 2:
            print('电脑赢')
            my_asset -= bet
            com_asset += bet
            print(my_asset)
            print(com_asset)
            round += 1
        elif my_num == 1 and com_num == 3:
            print('人赢')
            my_asset += bet
            com_asset -= bet
            print(my_asset)
            print(com_asset)
            round += 1
        elif my_num == 2 and com_num == 1:
            print('人赢')
            my_asset += bet
            com_asset -= bet
            print(my_asset)
            print(com_asset)
            round += 1
        elif my_num == 2 and com_num == 3:
            print('电脑赢')
            my_asset -= bet
            com_asset += bet
            print(my_asset)
            print(com_asset)
            round += 1
        elif my_num == 3 and com_num == 1:
            print('电脑赢')
            my_asset -= bet
            com_asset += bet
            print(my_asset)
            print(com_asset)
            round += 1
        elif my_num == 3 and com_num == 2:
            print('人赢')
            my_asset += bet
            com_asset -= bet
            print(my_asset)
            print(com_asset)
            round += 1
        else:
            print('平局')
            print(my_asset)
            print(com_asset)
            round += 1
    else:
        print('请重新下注：')
print('game over')

11、计算个人所得税

personal_wage = float(input('个人工资：'))
insurance = float(input('五险一金'))
diff = personal_wage - insurance - 3500
if diff <= 1500:
    tax = 0
    deduction = 0
elif diff <= 4500:
    tax = 0.03
    deduction = 105
elif diff <= 9000:
    tax = 0.1
    deduction = 555
elif diff <= 35000:
    tax = 0.2
    deduction = 1005
elif diff <= 55000:
    tax = 0.25
    deduction = 2755
elif diff <= 80000:
    tax = 0.3
    deduction = 5505
elif diff <= 83500:
    tax = 0.35
    deduction = 13505
else:
    tax = 0.45
print('个人所得税=%.1f' % tax)