备份&恢复系列之二：在linux中对oracle用热备份！

测试环境：

1 操作系统：Redhat Linux 6

[oracle@bld-tdb1 ~]$ cat /proc/version
Linux version 2.6.18-164.el5 (mockbuild@x86-003.build.bos.redhat.com) (gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-46)) #1 SMP Tue Aug 18 15:51:48 EDT 2009

2 数据库版本：Oracle11g


SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
CORE 11.2.0.1.0 Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

3 数据库的名字：orcl

SQL> show parameter db_name;

.
SQL> show parameter db_name;

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_name string PULSEINP


4 数据库的所有数据文件所在位置
select file#, status, enabled, name from v$datafile;

1 SYSTEM READ WRITE /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PULSEINP/system01.dbf
2 ONLINE READ WRITE /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PULSEINP/sysaux01.dbf
3 ONLINE READ WRITE /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PULSEINP/undotbs01.dbf
4 ONLINE READ WRITE /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PULSEINP/users01.dbf
5 ONLINE READ WRITE /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PULSEINP/user202.dbf


5 控制文件的所在位置
select * from v$controlfile;

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PULSEINP/control01.ctl NO 16384 594
/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/PULSEINP/control02.ctl NO 16384 594


6 重做日志文件位置
select * from v$logfile;

ONLINE /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PULSEINP/redo011.log NO
ONLINE /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PULSEINP/redo012.log NO
ONLINE /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PULSEINP/redo021.log NO
ONLINE /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PULSEINP/redo022.log NO
ONLINE /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PULSEINP/redo031.log NO
ONLINE /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PULSEINP/redo032.log NO


7 写个hotbak.sql脚本

脚本内容如下：
#rem script.:hotbak.sql
#rem creater:mengzhaoliang
#rem data:2008/2/4
#rem desc:backup all database datafile in archive
#enter database
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus "/as sysdba" <<EOF
alter system archive log current;
#start
alter tablespace system begin backup;
!cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PULSEINP/system01.dbf /home/oracle/oraclescript/;
alter tablespace system end backup;

alter tablespace system begin backup;
!cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PULSEINP/undotbs01.dbf /home/oracle/oraclescript/;
alter tablespace system end backup;

alter tablespace system begin backup;
!cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PULSEINP/users01.dbf /home/oracle/oraclescript/;
alter tablespace system end backup;

alter tablespace system begin backup;
!cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PULSEINP/sysaux01.dbf /home/oracle/oraclescript/;
alter tablespace system end backup;

alter tablespace system begin backup;
!cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PULSEINP/user202.dbf /home/oracle/oraclescript/;
alter tablespace system end backup;

#backup control file
#binary
alter database backup controlfile to '/home/oracle/oraclescript/controlbinarybackup';

#ascii
alter database backup controlfile to trace;

alter system archive log current;

<<EOF


附上piner的说明：
说明：
1、热备份必须在数据库归档方式下才可以运行
2、以上脚本可以在数据库运行状态下备份数据库所有的数据文件（除了临时数据文件），没有必要备份联机日志。
3、归档日志至少需要一次完整备份之后的所有日志。
4、如果以上命令没有成功依次执行，那么备份也是无效的，如连接数据库不成功，那么备份则无效。