[Masonry] 实现原理及链式调用分析

Masonry is a light-weight layout framework which wraps AutoLayout with a nicer syntax. Masonry has its own layout DSL which provides a chainable way of describing your NSLayoutConstraints which results in layout code that is more concise and readable. Masonry supports iOS and Mac OS X.

翻译：

Masonry是一个轻量级的布局框架，它使用更好的语法包装AutoLayout。 Masonry有自己的布局DSL，它提供了一种链式调用的方式来描述NSLayoutConstraints，从而使布局代码更简洁，更易读。 Masonry支持iOS和Mac OS X.

什么是DSL

DSL(Domain Specific Language) 翻译成中文就是:“领域特定语言”。首先，从定义就可以看出，DSL 也是一种编程语言，只不过它主要是用来处理某个特定领域的问题。

下边介绍iOS中如何实现链式调用的DSL。

为什么需要使用Masonry

首先看下直接用NSLayoutConstraints方式布局视图需要什么操作：

例如：我们需要布局一个视图view1，使他距离父视图上下左右都为10，NSLayoutConstraints布局代码如下：

公式：view1.top = superview.top * 1.0 + 10

UIView *superview = self.view;        UIView *view1 = [[UIView alloc] init];    view1.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;    view1.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];    [superview addSubview:view1];        UIEdgeInsets padding = UIEdgeInsetsMake(10, 10, 10, 10);        [superview addConstraints:@[                                //view1 constraints                                [NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem:view1                                                             attribute:NSLayoutAttributeTop                                                         relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual                                                            toItem:superview                                                         attribute:NSLayoutAttributeTop                                                        multiplier:1.0                                                          constant:padding.top],                            [NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem:view1                                                         attribute:NSLayoutAttributeLeft                                                         relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual                                                            toItem:superview                                                         attribute:NSLayoutAttributeLeft                                                        multiplier:1.0                                                          constant:padding.left],                            [NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem:view1                                                         attribute:NSLayoutAttributeBottom