NFS

实验目标

1. 搭建nfs服务器
2. 开放/nfs/shared目录，供所有用户查阅资料
3. 开放/nfs/upload目录为172.168.161.0/24网段的数据上传目录，并将所有用户及所属的用户组都映射为nfs-upliad，其UID与GID均为300

实验

布置实验所需环境

服务器端
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install nfs-utils    //安装nfs服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start rpcbind nfs-server  //开启服务
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q      Local Address:Port                     Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128                     *:111                                 *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                     *:20048                               *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                     *:37014                               *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                     *:22                                  *:*                  
LISTEN      0      100             127.0.0.1:25                                  *:*                  
LISTEN      0      64                      *:2049                                *:*                  
LISTEN      0      64                      *:34210                               *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                    :::111                                :::*                  
LISTEN      0      128                    :::20048                              :::*                  
LISTEN      0      128                    :::55284                              :::*                  
LISTEN      0      128                    :::22                                 :::*                  
LISTEN      0      100                   ::1:25                                 :::*                  
LISTEN      0      64                     :::40960                              :::*                  
LISTEN      0      64                     :::2049                               :::*                  

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status firewalld      //查看防火墙是否关闭
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld        //关闭防火墙
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0                    //关闭selinux

客户端
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install nfs-utils    //安装nfs服务，客户端不用开启服务，但是需要安装nfs执行后续命令
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld        //同上
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0

实验内容

完成实验内容一、二

在服务端创建服务所需目录

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /nfs
[root@localhost ~]# cd /nfs
[root@localhost nfs]# mkdir shared
[root@localhost nfs]# ls
shared

编辑配置文件  /etc/exports

[root@localhost nfs]# vim /etc/exports
[root@localhost nfs]# exportfs -r       //重新读取/etc/exports文件中的设置，并使其立即生效，无需重启服务
[root@localhost nfs]# cat /etc/exports
/nfs/shared *(sync) 

客户端验证上述结果
[root@localhost ~]# showmount -e 192.168.161.150       //显示指定的NFS服务器上所有输出的共享目录 
Export list for 192.168.161.150:
/nfs/shared *

完成实验内容三

服务器端

[root@localhost nfs]# mkdir upload
[root@localhost nfs]# ls
shared  upload

[root@localhost nfs]# groupadd -g 300 nfs-upliad
[root@localhost nfs]# useradd -u 300 -g 300 nfs-upliad
[root@localhost nfs]# tail -5 /etc/passwd
sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin
rpc:x:32:32:Rpcbind Daemon:/var/lib/rpcbind:/sbin/nologin
rpcuser:x:29:29:RPC Service User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
nfsnobody:x:65534:65534:Anonymous NFS User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
nfs-upliad:x:300:300::/home/nfs-upliad:/bin/bash

[root@localhost upload]# vim /etc/exports
[root@localhost upload]# cat /etc/exports
/nfs/shared *(sync)
/nfs/upload 192.168.161.0/24(rw,anonuid=300,anongid=300)
[root@localhost upload]# exportfs -r
[root@localhost nfs]# ll
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 42 10月 24 18:34 shared
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 42 10月 24 19:17 upload
[root@localhost nfs]# chmod 777 upload/
[root@localhost nfs]# chown nfs-upliad.nfs-upliad upload
[root@localhost nfs]# ll
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root       root       42 10月 24 18:34 shared
drwxrwxrwx. 3 nfs-upliad nfs-upliad 42 10月 24 19:32 upload

客户端验证

[root@localhost ~]# mount -t nfs 192.168.161.150:/nfs /nfs
[root@localhost ~]# showmount -e 192.168.161.150
Export list for 192.168.161.150:
/nfs/shared *
/nfs/upload 192.168.161.0/24
[root@localhost ~]# cd /nfs
[root@localhost nfs]# ls
shared  upload
[root@localhost nfs]# cd upload/
[root@localhost upload]# touch a b c
[root@localhost upload]# mkdir e
[root@localhost upload]# ll
总用量 0
-rw-r--r--. 1 300 300 0 10月 24 2019 a
-rw-r--r--. 1 300 300 0 10月 24 2019 b
-rw-r--r--. 1 300 300 0 10月 24 2019 c
drwxr-xr-x. 2 300 300 6 10月 24 2019 e