saltstack模块

SaltStack常用模块之state

state.show_highstate
显示当前系统中有哪些高级状态
[root@node1 base]# salt '*' state.show_highstate
node1:
    ----------
node2:
    ----------
    apache-install:
        ----------
        __env__:
            base
        __sls__:
            web.apache.apache
        pkg:
            |_
              ----------
              name:
                  httpd
            - installed
            |_
              ----------
              order:
                  10000
    apache-service:
        ----------
        __env__:
            base
        __sls__:
            web.apache.apache
        service:
            |_
              ----------
              name:
                  httpd
            |_
              ----------
              enable:
                  True
            - running
            |_
              ----------
              order:
                  10001

执行高级状态
[root@node1 base]# salt '*' state.highstate web.apache.apache
node1:
----------
          ID: states
    Function: no.None
      Result: False
     Comment: No Top file or master_tops data matches found. Please see master log for details.
     Changes:   

Summary for node1
------------
Succeeded: 0
Failed:    1
------------
Total states run:     1
Total run time:   0.000 ms
node2:
----------
          ID: apache-install
    Function: pkg.installed
        Name: httpd
      Result: None
     Comment: The following packages would be installed/updated: httpd
     Started: 19:46:51.313227
    Duration: 1772.822 ms
     Changes:   
----------
          ID: apache-service
    Function: service.running
        Name: httpd
      Result: None
     Comment: Service httpd not present; if created in this state run, it would have been started
     Started: 19:46:53.154353
    Duration: 19.465 ms
     Changes:   

Summary for node2
------------
Succeeded: 2 (unchanged=2)
Failed:    0
------------
Total states run:     2
Total run time:   1.792 s

显示当前系统中的高级状态执行情况
[root@node1 base]# salt '*' state.show_state_usage
node2:
    ----------
    base:
        ----------
        count_all:
            2
        count_unused:
            1
        count_used:
            1
        unused:
            - top
        used:
            - web.apache.apache
    prod:
        ----------
        count_all:
            0
        count_unused:
            0
        count_used:
            0
        unused:
        used:
    test:
        ----------
        count_all:
            0
        count_unused:
            0
        count_used:
            0
        unused:
        used:

返回minion将用于highstate的顶级数据
[root@node1 base]# salt '*' state.show_top
node2:
    ----------
    base:
        - web.apache.apache
node1:
    ----------

显示 master 上特定sls或sls文件列表中的状态数据
[root@node1 base]# salt '*' state.show_sls web.apache.apache
node1:
    ----------
    apache-install:
        ----------
        __env__:
            base
        __sls__:
            web.apache.apache
        pkg:
            |_
              ----------
              name:
                  httpd
            - installed
            |_
              ----------
              order:
                  10000
    apache-service:
        ----------
        __env__:
            base
        __sls__:
            web.apache.apache
        service:
            |_
              ----------
              name:
                  httpd
            |_
              ----------
              enable:
                  True
            - running
            |_
              ----------
              order:
                  10001
node2:
    ----------
    apache-install:
        ----------
        __env__:
            base
        __sls__:
            web.apache.apache
        pkg:
            |_
              ----------
              name:
                  httpd
            - installed
            |_
              ----------
              order:
                  10000
    apache-service:
        ----------
        __env__:
            base
        __sls__:
            web.apache.apache
        service:
            |_
              ----------
              name:
                  httpd
            |_
              ----------
              enable:
                  True
            - running
            |_
              ----------
              order:
                  10001

salt-cp能够很方便的把 master 上的文件批量传到 minion上
//拷贝单个文件到目标主机的/usr/src目录下
[root@node1 base]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls /usr/src/'
node1:
    debug
    kernels
node2:
    debug
    kernels
[root@node1 base]# salt-cp '*' /etc/passwd /usr/src/
node1:
    ----------
    /usr/src/passwd:
        True
node2:
    ----------
    /usr/src/passwd:
        True
[root@node1 base]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls /usr/src'
node1:
    debug
    kernels
    passwd
node2:
    debug
    kernels
    passwd

//拷贝多个文件到目标主机的/usr/src目录下   
[root@node1 ~]# salt-cp '*' /etc/shadow /etc/group /usr/src
node1:
    ----------
    /usr/src/group:
        True
    /usr/src/shadow:
        True
node2:
    ----------
    /usr/src/group:
        True
    /usr/src/shadow:
        True
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls /usr/src'
node2:
    debug
    group
    kernels
    passwd
    shadow
node1:
    debug
    group
    kernels
    passwd
    shadow

SaltStack常用模块之file

检查指定路径是否存在
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls /usr/src'
node1:
    debug
    group
    kernels
    passwd
    shadow
node2:
    debug
    group
    kernels
    passwd
    shadow
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.access /usr/src/passwd f
node2:
    True
node1:
    True
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.access /usr/src/abc f
node1:
    False
node2:
    False

检查指定文件的权限信息
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /usr/src/'
node1:
    total 12
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Mar 10  2016 debug
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root 477 Feb 23 19:52 group
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Mar 10  2016 kernels
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root 942 Feb 23 19:51 passwd
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root 636 Feb 23 19:52 shadow
node2:
    total 12
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Mar 10  2016 debug
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root 477 Feb 23 19:52 group
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Mar 10  2016 kernels
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root 942 Feb 23 19:51 passwd
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root 636 Feb 23 19:52 shadow
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.access /usr/src/passwd r
node2:
    True
node1:
    True
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.access /usr/src/passwd w
node2:
    True
node1:
    True
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.access /usr/src/passwd x
node2:
    False
node1:
    False

往一个文件里追加内容，若此文件不存在则会报异常
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/a'
node2:
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Feb 23 19:55 /root/a
node1:
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Feb 23 19:55 /root/a
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.append /root/a "hello world" "haha" "xixi"
node2:
    Wrote 3 lines to "/root/a"
node1:
    Wrote 3 lines to "/root/a"
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/a'
node2:
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 22 Feb 23 19:56 /root/a
node1:
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 22 Feb 23 19:56 /root/a
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'cat /root/a'
node2:
    hello world
    haha
    xixi
node1:
    hello world
    haha
    xixi

获取指定路径的基名
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.basename '/root/zabbix/abc'
node2:
    abc
node1:
    abc

获取指定路径的目录名
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.dirname '/root/zabbix/abc'
node2:
    /root/zabbix
node1:
    /root/zabbix

检查指定的文件与hash字符串是否匹配，匹配则返回 True 否则返回 False
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'md5sum /etc/passwd'
node1:
    22059454a7752f2da99e6342f802d91b  /etc/passwd
node2:
    cc28c4b0bac9d434c61f5b40df8f2f59  /etc/passwd
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.check_hash /etc/passwd 22059454a7752f2da99e6342f802d91b
node1:
    True
node2:
    False

属性	对文件的意义	对目录的意义
a	只允许在这个文件之后追加数据，不允许任何进程覆盖或截断这个文件	只允许在这个目录下建立和修改文件，而不允许删除任何文件
i	不允许对这个文件进行任何的修改，不能删除、更改、移动	任何的进程只能修改目录之下的文件，不允许建立和删除文件

[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'lsattr /root'
node1:
    ---------------- /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
    ---------------- /root/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
    ---------------- /root/nginx-1.16.1
    ---------------- /root/abc
    ---------------- /root/a
    ---------------- /root/zabbix
node2:
    ---------------- /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
    ---------------- /root/a
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.chattr /root/a operator=add attributes=ai
node1:
    True
node2:
    True
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'lsattr /root'
node1:
    ---------------- /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
    ---------------- /root/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
    ---------------- /root/nginx-1.16.1
    ---------------- /root/abc
    ----ia---------- /root/a
    ---------------- /root/zabbix
node2:
    ---------------- /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
    ----ia---------- /root/a

设置指定文件的属主、属组信息
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.chown /root/abc root root
node2:
    File not found
node1:
    None
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/abc'
node1:
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 11 18:49 /root/abc
node2:
    ls: cannot access /root/abc: No such file or directory

在远程主机上复制文件或目录
拷贝文件
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.copy /root/a /root/cc
node1:
    True
node2:
    True
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node1:
    total 1024
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root      22 Feb 23 19:56 a
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root       0 Oct 11 18:49 abc
    -rw-------. 1 root root    1451 Oct 11 00:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root      22 Feb 23 20:04 cc
    drwxr-xr-x. 9 1001 1001     186 Oct 11 18:02 nginx-1.16.1
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1032630 Oct 11 18:00 nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
    drwxr-xr-x  2 root root      17 Feb 23 19:58 zabbix
node2:
    total 12
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   22 Feb 23 19:56 a
    -rw-------. 1 root root 1463 Oct 11 02:25 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   22 Feb 23 20:04 cc

判断指定目录是否存在，存在则返回 True ，否则返回 False
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /opt'
node1:
    total 1048576
    drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root         54 Oct 11 18:06 nginx-1.16.1
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root          6 Oct 11 15:52 sdb
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root          6 Oct 11 16:12 sdc
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1073741824 Oct 12 14:49 swap_file
node2:
    total 0
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.directory_exists /opt/sdc
node1:
    True
node2:
    False

递归计算指定路径的磁盘使用情况并以字节为单位返回
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'du -sb /opt'
node1:
    1077603922  /opt
node2:
    6   /opt
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.diskusage /opt
node2:
    0
node1:
    1077599630

判断指定文件是否存在
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.file_exists /root/a
node1:
    True
node2:
    True
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.file_exists /root/zabbix
node2:
    False
node1:
    False

类似 find 命令并返回符合指定条件的路径列表
The options include match criteria:

name    = path-glob                 # case sensitive
iname   = path-glob                 # case insensitive
regex   = path-regex                # case sensitive
iregex  = path-regex                # case insensitive
type    = file-types                # match any listed type
user    = users                     # match any listed user
group   = groups                    # match any listed group
size    = [+-]number[size-unit]     # default unit = byte
mtime   = interval                  # modified since date
grep    = regex                     # search file contents
and/or actions:

delete [= file-types]               # default type = 'f'
exec    = command [arg ...]         # where {} is replaced by pathname
print  [= print-opts]
and/or depth criteria:

maxdepth = maximum depth to transverse in path
mindepth = minimum depth to transverse before checking files or directories
path-glob:

*                = match zero or more chars
?                = match any char
[abc]            = match a, b, or c
[!abc] or [^abc] = match anything except a, b, and c
[x-y]            = match chars x through y
[!x-y] or [^x-y] = match anything except chars x through y
{a,b,c}          = match a or b or c

获取指定文件的gid
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/a'
node2:
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 22 Feb 23 19:56 /root/a
node1:
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 22 Feb 23 19:56 /root/a
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.get_gid /root/a
node2:
    0
node1:
    0

获取指定文件的组名
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/a'
node1:
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 22 Feb 23 19:56 /root/a
node2:
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 22 Feb 23 19:56 /root/a
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.get_group /root/a
node1:
    root
node2:
    root

获取指定文件的hash值，该值通过 sha256 算法得来
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'sha256sum /root/a'
node2:
    11129dfb248c6bc5784c1d439877552aa34f3408f14dbb38572e802e4831b77a  /root/a
node1:
    11129dfb248c6bc5784c1d439877552aa34f3408f14dbb38572e802e4831b77a  /root/a
[root@node1 ~]#  salt '*' file.get_hash /root/a
node2:
    11129dfb248c6bc5784c1d439877552aa34f3408f14dbb38572e802e4831b77a
node1:
    11129dfb248c6bc5784c1d439877552aa34f3408f14dbb38572e802e4831b77a

获取指定文件的权限，以数字方式显示
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/a'
node1:
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 22 Feb 23 19:56 /root/a
node2:
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 22 Feb 23 19:56 /root/a
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.get_mode /root/a
node2:
    0644
node1:
    0644

按照指定的算法计算指定文件的特征码并显示，默认使用的sha256算法。
该函数可使用的算法参数有：
md5
sha1
sha224
sha256 (default)
sha384
sha512

[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'sha256sum /root/a'
node1:
    11129dfb248c6bc5784c1d439877552aa34f3408f14dbb38572e802e4831b77a  /root/a
node2:
    11129dfb248c6bc5784c1d439877552aa34f3408f14dbb38572e802e4831b77a  /root/a
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.get_sum /root/a
node2:
    11129dfb248c6bc5784c1d439877552aa34f3408f14dbb38572e802e4831b77a
node1:
    11129dfb248c6bc5784c1d439877552aa34f3408f14dbb38572e802e4831b77a
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'md5sum /root/a'
node2:
    671ded4ec86c82a8779c8df17823f810  /root/a
node1:
    671ded4ec86c82a8779c8df17823f810  /root/a
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.get_sum /root/a md5
node1:
    671ded4ec86c82a8779c8df17823f810
node2:
    671ded4ec86c82a8779c8df17823f810

获取指定文件的 uid 或 用户名
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/a'
node1:
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 22 Feb 23 19:56 /root/a
node2:
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 22 Feb 23 19:56 /root/a
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.get_uid /root/a
node1:
    0
node2:
    0
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.get_user /root/a
node2:
    root
node1:
    root

将指定的 gid 转换为组名并显示
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.gid_to_group 1000
node1:
    liping
node2:
    1000
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.gid_to_group 0
node2:
    root
node1:
    root

将指定的组名转换为 gid 并显示
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.group_to_gid root
node2:
    0
node1:
    0
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.group_to_gid liping
node1:
    1000
node2:

在指定文件中检索指定内容
该函数支持通配符，若在指定的路径中用通配符则必须用双引号引起来
salt '*' file.grep /etc/passwd nobody
salt '*' file.grep /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 ipaddr -- -i
salt '*' file.grep /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 ipaddr -- -i -B2
salt '*' file.grep "/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/*" ipaddr -- -i -l

判断指定的文件是否是块设备文件
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /dev/sr0'
node1:
    brw-rw---- 1 root cdrom 11, 0 Feb 23 19:28 /dev/sr0
node2:
    brw-rw---- 1 root cdrom 11, 0 Feb 23 19:28 /dev/sr0
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.is_blkdev /dev/sr0
node2:
    True
node1:

检查并显示出指定文件的属性信息
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'lsattr /root/a'
node2:
    ----ia---------- /root/a
node1:
    ----ia---------- /root/a
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'chattr +i /root/a'
node2:
node1:
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.lsattr /root/a
node1:
    ----------
    /root/a:
        - i
        - a
node2:
    ----------
    /root/a:
        - i
        - a

创建目录并设置属主、属组及权限
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.mkdir /root/haha tom tom
node2:
    True
node1:
    True
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/'
node2:
    total 12
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   22 Feb 23 19:56 a
    -rw-------. 1 root root 1463 Oct 11 02:25 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   22 Feb 23 20:04 cc
    drwxr-xr-x  2 tom  tom     6 Feb 27 16:48 haha
node1:
    total 1020
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root      22 Feb 23 19:56 a
    -rw-------. 1 root root    1451 Oct 11 00:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    drwxr-xr-x  2 tom  tom        6 Feb 27 16:48 haha
    drwxr-xr-x. 9 tom  tom      186 Oct 11 18:02 nginx-1.16.1
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1032630 Oct 11 18:00 nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
    drwxr-xr-x  2 root root      17 Feb 23 19:58 zabbix

移动或重命名
[root@node1 ~]# salt 'node1*' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node1:
    total 1020
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root      22 Feb 23 19:56 a
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root       0 Feb 27 16:50 ab
    -rw-------. 1 root root    1451 Oct 11 00:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    drwxr-xr-x  2 tom  tom        6 Feb 27 16:48 haha
    drwxr-xr-x. 9 tom  tom      186 Oct 11 18:02 nginx-1.16.1
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1032630 Oct 11 18:00 nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
    drwxr-xr-x  2 root root      17 Feb 23 19:58 zabbix
[root@node1 ~]# salt '*' file.move /root/ab /root/bc
node2:
    ERROR: Unable to move '/root/ab' to '/root/bc': [Errno 2] No such file or directory: u'/root/ab'
node1:
    ----------
    comment:
        '/root/ab' moved to '/root/bc'
    result:
        True
[root@node1 ~]# salt 'node1*' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node1:
    total 1020
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root      22 Feb 23 19:56 a
    -rw-------. 1 root root    1451 Oct 11 00:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root       0 Feb 27 16:50 bc
    drwxr-xr-x  2 tom  tom        6 Feb 27 16:48 haha
    drwxr-xr-x. 9 tom  tom      186 Oct 11 18:02 nginx-1.16.1
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1032630 Oct 11 18:00 nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
    drwxr-xr-x  2 root root      17 Feb 23 19:58 zabbix
[root@node1 ~]# salt 'node1*' cmd.run 'ls -l /opt'
node1:
    total 1048576
    drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root         54 Oct 11 18:06 nginx-1.16.1
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root          6 Oct 11 15:52 sdb
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root          6 Oct 11 16:12 sdc
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1073741824 Oct 12 14:49 swap_file
[root@node1 ~]# salt 'node1*' file.move /root/bc /opt/
node1:
    ----------
    comment:
        '/root/bc' moved to '/opt/'
    result:
        True
[root@node1 ~]# salt 'node1*' cmd.run 'ls -l /opt'
node1:
    total 1048576
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root          0 Feb 27 16:50 bc
    drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root         54 Oct 11 18:06 nginx-1.16.1
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root          6 Oct 11 15:52 sdb
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root          6 Oct 11 16:12 sdc
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1073741824 Oct 12 14:49 swap_file

把文本插入指定文件的开头
[root@node1 ~]# salt 'node1*' cmd.run 'cat /opt/bc'
node1:
[root@node1 ~]# salt 'node1*' file.prepend /opt/bc "hehe" "xixi" "haha"
node1:
    Prepended 3 lines to "/opt/bc"
[root@node1 ~]# salt 'node1*' cmd.run 'cat /opt/bc'
node1:
    hehe
    xixi
    haha

修改文本文件的内容
[root@node1 ~]# salt 'node1*' cmd.run 'cat /opt/wangwei'
node1:
    wangwei
    bbbbb
[root@node1 ~]# salt 'node1*' file.sed /opt/wangegwei 'wangwei' 'aaaaaa'
node1:
    ----------
    pid:
        3391
    retcode:
        0
    stderr:
    stdout:
[root@node1 ~]# salt 'node1*' cmd.run 'cat /opt/wangwei'
node1:
    aaaaaa
    bbbbb

读取文件内容
[root@node1 ~]# salt 'node1*' cmd.run 'cat /opt/wangwei'
node1:
    aaaaaa
    bbbbb
    
[root@node1 ~]# salt 'node1*' file.read /opt/wangwei
node1:
    aaaaaa
    bbbbb

列出指定目录下的所有文件或目录，包括隐藏文件
[root@node1 ~]#  salt 'node1*' file.readdir /root
node1:
    - .
    - ..
    - .bash_logout
    - .bash_profile
    - .bashrc
    - .cshrc
    - .tcshrc
    - anaconda-ks.cfg
    - .bash_history