消息中间件activemq有两种模式:topic广播、queue分食,两者代码很类似,主要区别是创建消息主题时会声明是topic还是queue
环境准备
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软件安装
https://activemq.apache.org/下载并解压至本地
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activemq服务开启
xx\apache-activemq-5.16.2\bin\win64\activemq.bat双击即可开启
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服务启动截图
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进入activemq的消息监控页面
打开http://127.0.0.1:8161/并输入admin/admin activemq服务的默认端口是8161
代码示例
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有问题的pom引入
全部引入会有slf4j冲突
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId> <artifactId>activemq-all</artifactId> <version>5.15.9</version> </dependency>
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推荐引入方式
单独引入
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId> <artifactId>activemq-core</artifactId> <version>5.7.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId> <artifactId>activemq-pool</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- 使用到了hutool --> <dependency> <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId> <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId> <version>4.3.1</version> </dependency>
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测试端口是否可达的工具类
import cn.hutool.core.util.NetUtil; import javax.swing.*; public class ActiveMQUtil { public static void main(String[] args) { checkServer(); } public static void checkServer() { //activemq服务开启后默认端口为8161 if (NetUtil.isUsableLocalPort(8161)) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "ActiveMQ服务器未启动"); System.exit(1); } else { System.out.println("ActiveMQ服务器已启动"); } } }
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模式1topic广播
创建一个producer和AB两个consumer,先运行两个consumer再运行producer,可以观察控制台情况:producer发送100个消息,AB两个consumer分别全部接收了这100个消息
import javax.jms.Connection; import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory; import javax.jms.Destination; import javax.jms.JMSException; import javax.jms.MessageProducer; import javax.jms.Session; import javax.jms.TextMessage; import message.activemq.ActiveMQUtil; import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory; /** * 先运行多个消费者,再运行生产者,可以看到多个消费者都拿到了同样的消息 */ public class TopicProducer { //配置服务地址和端口 private static final String url = "tcp://127.0.0.1:61616"; //这次发送的消息名称 private static final String topicName = "topic_style"; public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException { //检查activemq服务是否开启 ActiveMQUtil.checkServer(); //创建ConnectionFactory并绑定url ConnectionFactory factory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(url); //创建Connection Connection connection = factory.createConnection(); //启动连接 connection.start(); //创建Session Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE); //使用session创建主题topic Destination destination = session.createTopic(topicName); //创建消息生产者 MessageProducer producer = session.createProducer(destination); for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) { //创建消息 TextMessage textMessage = session.createTextMessage("主题消息-" + i); //发送消息 producer.send(textMessage); System.out.println("发送主题topic消息:" + textMessage.getText()); } //关闭连接 producer.close(); session.close(); connection.close(); } }
import cn.hutool.core.util.RandomUtil; import message.activemq.ActiveMQUtil; import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory; import javax.jms.*; public class TopicConsumerA { //配置服务地址和端口 private static final String url = "tcp://127.0.0.1:61616"; //这次消费的消息名称 private static final String topicName = "topic_style"; //定义当前消费者名称 private static final String consumerName = "consumer-" + RandomUtil.randomString(5); public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException { //检查activemq服务是否开启 ActiveMQUtil.checkServer(); System.out.printf("消费者启动了:%s%n", consumerName); //创建ConnectionFactory并绑定url ConnectionFactory factory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(url); //创建Connection Connection connection = factory.createConnection(); //启动连接 connection.start(); //创建Session Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE); //使用session创建主题topic Destination destination = session.createTopic(topicName); //创建消息生产者 MessageConsumer consumer = session.createConsumer(destination); //消费者创建监听器 consumer.setMessageListener(new MessageListener() { public void onMessage(Message arg0) { TextMessage textMessage = (TextMessage) arg0; try { System.out.println(consumerName + "=>接收消息:" + textMessage.getText()); } catch (JMSException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }); //consumer.close(); //session.close(); //connection.close(); } }
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模式2queue分食
创建ABC三个consumer,运行后发现producer发送了100个消息,被ABC平均消费了,所以我理解为分食
import javax.jms.Connection; import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory; import javax.jms.Destination; import javax.jms.JMSException; import javax.jms.MessageProducer; import javax.jms.Session; import javax.jms.TextMessage; import message.activemq.ActiveMQUtil; import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory; /** * 先运行多个消费者,再运行生产者,可以看到消息被多个消费者均分消费了 */ public class QueueProducer { //配置服务地址和端口 private static final String url = "tcp://127.0.0.1:61616"; //这次发送的消息名称 private static final String topicName = "queue_style"; public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException { //检查activemq服务是否开启 ActiveMQUtil.checkServer(); //创建ConnectionFactory并绑定url ConnectionFactory factory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(url); //创建Connection Connection connection = factory.createConnection(); //启动连接 connection.start(); //创建Session Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE); //使用session创建队列 Destination destination = session.createQueue(topicName); //创建消息生产者 MessageProducer producer = session.createProducer(destination); for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) { //创建消息 TextMessage textMessage = session.createTextMessage("队列消息=>" + i); //发送消息 producer.send(textMessage); System.out.println("发送队列queue消息:" + textMessage.getText()); } //关闭连接 producer.close(); session.close(); connection.close(); } }
import cn.hutool.core.util.RandomUtil; import message.activemq.ActiveMQUtil; import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory; import javax.jms.*; public class QueueConsumerA { //配置服务地址和端口 private static final String url = "tcp://127.0.0.1:61616"; //这次发送的消息名称 private static final String topicName = "queue_style"; //定义当前消费者名称 private static final String consumerName = "consumer-" + RandomUtil.randomString(5); public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException { //检查activemq服务是否开启 ActiveMQUtil.checkServer(); System.out.printf("消费者启动了:%s%n", consumerName); //创建ConnectionFactory并绑定url ConnectionFactory factory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(url); //创建Connection Connection connection = factory.createConnection(); //启动连接 connection.start(); //创建Session Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE); //使用session创建队列 Destination destination = session.createQueue(topicName); //创建消息消费者 MessageConsumer consumer = session.createConsumer(destination); //消费者创建监听器 consumer.setMessageListener(new MessageListener() { public void onMessage(Message arg0) { TextMessage textMessage = (TextMessage) arg0; try { System.out.println(consumerName + "=>接收消息:" + textMessage.getText()); } catch (JMSException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }); //consumer.close(); //session.close(); //connection.close(); } }
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监控页面信息
topic模式,AB共两个消费者,producer发送的100个消息被AB分别接收,所以消息出列为200
queue模式,ABC共三个消费者,可以看到消息出列为100,消息被分食,参考下面A的日志