Android学习第3天，test、sqlite、listview、dialog

测试

按岗位划分

• 黑盒测试：测试逻辑业务
• 白盒测试：测试逻辑方法

按测试粒度分

• 方法测试：function test
• 单元测试：unit test
• 集成测试：integration test
• 系统测试：system test

按测试的暴力程度分

• 冒烟测试：smoke test
• 压力测试：pressure test

---

单元测试

• junit
• 在清单文件中指定指令集

//指定该测试框架要测试哪一个项目
<instrumentation     android:name="android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner"
android:targetPackage="com.itheima.junit"></instrumentation>

• 定义使用的类库

<uses-library android:name="android.test.runner"/>

SQLite运用

• 数据库创建

public class MyOpenHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {

    public MyOpenHelper(Context context, String name, CursorFactory factory,
            int version) {
        super(context, name, factory, version);
    }

    // 创建
    @Override
    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
        db.execSQL("create table person(_id integer primary key autoincrement, name char(10), salary char(20), phone integer(20))");
    }

    // 升级
    @Override
    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
        System.out.println("onUpgrade");
    }
}

• 数据库操作

public class TestCase extends AndroidTestCase {
    private MyOpenHelper oh;
    private SQLiteDatabase db;
    public void test(){
        MyOpenHelper oh = new MyOpenHelper(getContext(), "people.db", null, 1);
        SQLiteDatabase db = oh.getWritableDatabase();
    }

    // 这个对象初始化完成后，调用测试函数前执行
    @Override
    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
        super.setUp();

        oh = new MyOpenHelper(getContext(), "people.db", null, 1);
        db = oh.getWritableDatabase();
    }

    // 测试函数调用完成后执行
    @Override
    protected void tearDown() throws Exception {
        super.tearDown();
        db.close();
    }

    public void insert(){
        db.execSQL("insert into person (name, salary, phone)values(?, ?, ?)", new Object[]{"a", 14000, "13888"});
    }

    public void delete(){
        db.execSQL("delete from person where name = ?", new Object[]{"a"});
    }

    public void update(){
        db.execSQL("update person set phone = ? where name = ?", new Object[]{186666, "a"});
    }

    public void select(){
        Cursor cursor = db.rawQuery("select name, salary from person", null);

        while(cursor.moveToNext()){
            String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));
            String salary = cursor.getString(1);
            System.out.println(name + ";" + salary);
        }
    }

    // 使用系统提供的api操作
    public void insertApi(){
        ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
        values.put("name", "a");
        values.put("phone", "15999");
        values.put("salary", 16000);
        db.insert("person", null, values);
    }

    public void deleteApi(){
        int i = db.delete("person", "name = ? and _id = ?", new String[]{"a", "3"});
        System.out.println(i);
    }

    public void updateApi(){
        ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
        values.put("salary", 26000);
        int i = db.update("person", values, "name = ?", new String[]{"a"});
        System.out.println(i);
    }

    public void selectApi(){
        Cursor cursor = db.query("person", null, null, null, null, null, null, null);
        while(cursor.moveToNext()){
            String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));
            String phone = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("phone"));
            String salary = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("salary"));
            System.out.println(name + ";" + phone + ";" + salary);
        }
    }

    // 事务
    public void transaction(){
        try{
            // 开始传输
            db.beginTransaction();
            ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
            values.put("salary", 12000);
            db.update("person", values, "name = ?", new String[]{"a"});

            values.clear();
            values.put("salary", 16000);
            db.update("person", values, "name = ?", new String[]{"b"});

            int i = 3/0;
            // 设置事务成功，如果这条语句没有执行，则本次事务视为不成功
            db.setTransactionSuccessful();
        }
        finally{
            // 若事务成功则正常结束，否则会回滚
            db.endTransaction();
        }
    }
}

使用ListView显示数据

• 使用布局文件填充listview

class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {

    // ListView一共有多少行
    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return personList.size();
    }

    // 获取每行view该显示什么内容
    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        Person p = personList.get(position);        
        View v = null;
        // 查看是否有缓存
        if(convertView == null){
            v = View.inflate(MainActivity.this, R.layout.item_listview, null);
        }
        else{
            v = convertView;
        }

        // 获取布局文件的第二种方法
//          LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(MainActivity.this);
//          View v2 = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_listview, null);
        // 获取布局文件的第三种方法
//          LayoutInflater inflater2 = (LayoutInflater) getSystemService(LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
//          View v3 = inflater2.inflate(R.layout.item_listview, null);

        // 通过布局文件查找TextView
        TextView tv_name = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.tv_name);
        tv_name.setText(p.getName());
        TextView tv_phone = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.tv_phone);
        tv_phone.setText(p.getPhone());
        TextView tv_salary = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.tv_salary);
        tv_salary.setText(p.getSalary());
        return v;
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int position) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return 0;
    }
}   

• 使用其他的adapter

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        String[] objects = new String[]{
                "a",
                "b",
                "c"
        };

        ListView lv = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lv);
        // 使用ArrayAdapter
//      lv.setAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, R.layout.item_listview, R.id.tv_name, objects));

        // 使用SimpleAdapter
        List<Map<String, Object>> data = new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();

        Map<String, Object> map1 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map1.put("photo", R.drawable.photo1);
        map1.put("name", "c");
        data.add(map1);

        Map<String, Object> map2 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map2.put("photo", R.drawable.photo2);
        map2.put("name", "a");
        data.add(map2);

        Map<String, Object> map3 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map3.put("photo", R.drawable.photo3);
        map3.put("name", "b");
        data.add(map3);

        lv.setAdapter(new SimpleAdapter(this, data, R.layout.item_listview, 
                new String[]{"photo", "name"}, new int[]{R.id.iv_photo, R.id.tv_name}));
    }

弹出对话框

// 确定取消对话框
public void click1(View v){
    AlertDialog.Builder builder = new Builder(this);
    builder.setIcon(android.R.drawable.alert_dark_frame);
    builder.setTitle("title");
    builder.setMessage("内容");

    builder.setPositiveButton("确定", new OnClickListener() {

        @Override
        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "点击了确定按钮", 0).show();
        }
    });

    builder.setNegativeButton("取消", new OnClickListener() {

        @Override
        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "点击了取消按钮", 0).show();
        }
    });
    // 显示这个对话框
    AlertDialog ad = builder.create();
    ad.show();
}

// 单选对话框
public void click2(View v){
    AlertDialog.Builder builder = new Builder(this);
    builder.setTitle("title");
    final String[] items = new String[]{
            "男",
            "女"
    };

    builder.setSingleChoiceItems(items, -1, new OnClickListener() {

        @Override
        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "你选择了:" + items[which], 0).show();
            dialog.dismiss();
        }
    });
    builder.show();
}

// 多选对话框
public void click3(View v){
    AlertDialog.Builder builder = new Builder(this);
    builder.setTitle("title");
    final String[] items = new String[]{
            "名字1",
            "名字2",
            "名字3",
            "名字4"
    };
    final boolean[] checkedItems = new boolean[]{
            true,
            true,
            false,
            false

    };

    builder.setMultiChoiceItems(items, checkedItems, new OnMultiChoiceClickListener() {

        @Override
        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which, boolean isChecked) {
            checkedItems[which] = isChecked;

        }
    });

    builder.setPositiveButton("确定", new OnClickListener() {

        @Override
        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
            String text = "";
            for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++){
                text += checkedItems[i]? items[i] + "," : "";
            }
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, text, 0).show();
            dialog.dismiss();
        }
    });
    builder.show();
}