Words are divided into two categories: Function Words and Content Words. Function words are closed class words (only about 300 in English) while content words are open class words (new words are being added in every language).
Function Words with Examples
Prepositions
of, at, in, without, between
Pronouns
he, they, anybody, it, one
Determiners
the, a, that, my, more, much, either, neither
Conjunctions
and, that, when, while, although, or
Modal verbs
can, must, will, should, ought, need, used
Auxilliary verbs
be (is, am, are), have, got, do
Particles
no, not, nor, as
Content Words with Examples
Nouns
John, room, answer, Selby
Adjectives
happy, new, large, grey
Full verbs
search, grow, hold, have
Adverbs
really, completely, very, also, enough
Numerals
one, thousand, first
Interjections
eh, ugh, phew, well
Yes/No answers
yes, no (as answers)
Note: The same lexical word can function as either content or function word depending on it's function in an utterance.
Example 1
"I have come to see you"
"have" is a function word (auxiliary verb)
"I have three apples"
"have" is a content word (full verb)
Example 2
"One has one's principles"
"one" is a function word (pronoun)
"I have one apple"
"one" is a content word (numeral)
Example 3
"I have no more money"
"no" is a function word (a negative particle)
"No. I am not coming"
"no" is a content word (Yes/No answer)
turingfellow says
上面的3个特例用stanford pos tagger加标注,发现无法正确判断词性,汗啊。
Function Words with Examples
Prepositions
of, at, in, without, between
Pronouns
he, they, anybody, it, one
Determiners
the, a, that, my, more, much, either, neither
Conjunctions
and, that, when, while, although, or
Modal verbs
can, must, will, should, ought, need, used
Auxilliary verbs
be (is, am, are), have, got, do
Particles
no, not, nor, as
Content Words with Examples
Nouns
John, room, answer, Selby
Adjectives
happy, new, large, grey
Full verbs
search, grow, hold, have
Adverbs
really, completely, very, also, enough
Numerals
one, thousand, first
Interjections
eh, ugh, phew, well
Yes/No answers
yes, no (as answers)
Note: The same lexical word can function as either content or function word depending on it's function in an utterance.
Example 1
"I have come to see you"
"have" is a function word (auxiliary verb)
"I have three apples"
"have" is a content word (full verb)
Example 2
"One has one's principles"
"one" is a function word (pronoun)
"I have one apple"
"one" is a content word (numeral)
Example 3
"I have no more money"
"no" is a function word (a negative particle)
"No. I am not coming"
"no" is a content word (Yes/No answer)
turingfellow says
上面的3个特例用stanford pos tagger加标注,发现无法正确判断词性,汗啊。