一 建表,提供初始数据。
表说明:t_customer为客户信息表;t_orders为订单表。一个客户可以有多个订单,一个订单只属于一个客户。多方使用外键(t_orders表的customer_id)来约束。这里并没有建立强制的外键约束,做更新,删除操作时会很麻烦。
CREATE TABLE `t_customer` (
`id` int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(30) NOT NULL,
`cell_phone` varchar(30) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
);
INSERT INTO `t_customer` VALUES ('1', 'bing', '652346543');
INSERT INTO `t_customer` VALUES ('2', 'jade', '76345');
CREATE TABLE `t_orders` (
`id` int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`number` varchar(40) NOT NULL,
`address` varchar(40) NOT NULL,
`customer_id` int(10) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
);
INSERT INTO `t_orders` VALUES ('1', 'GASDF235', '北京朝阳', '1');
INSERT INTO `t_orders` VALUES ('2', 'JHGFVSD34', '河南郑州', '1');
INSERT INTO `t_orders` VALUES ('3', 'KJHGFDC234', '北京海淀', '2');
表模型如下
二 实体类
Customer
package com.alex.app.entity;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 客户信息
* @author leileiyuan
*
*/
public class Customer {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private String cellPhone;
//一对多
private List<Orders> orders;
public List<Orders> getOrders() {
return orders;
}
public void setOrders(List<Orders> orders) {
this.orders = orders;
}
// 略 getter setter方法
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Customer [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", cellPhone=" + cellPhone + "]";
}
}
Orders
package com.alex.app.entity;
/**
* 客户订单信息
* @author leileiyuan
*
*/
public class Orders {
private Integer id;
private String number;
private String address;
// 多对一
private Customer customer;
public Customer getCustomer() {
return customer;
}
public void setCustomer(Customer customer) {
this.customer = customer;
}
// 略 getter setter方法
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Orders [id=" + id + ", number=" + number + ", address=" + address + ", customer="
+ customer + "]";
}
}
三 多对一映射
1)问题简单分析
从orders 到 customer 多对一的关联关联。
就是说 我们要查询orders的信息,然后经该orders可以导航到它对应的customer
考虑这个sql
select o.*, c.* from t_orders o
join t_customer c
on o.customer_id = c.id
where o.id = 2
查询是没有问题的
映射文件配置时可以。
<select id="selectById" parameterType="int" resultMap="???????"> select c.id cid, c.name name, c.cell_phone cellPhone, o.id oid, o.number number, o.address address from t_orders o join t_customer c on o.customer_id = c.id where o.id = #{id} </select>
因为我们查询的结果集中包含的是orders和customer的所有列,所以返回的结果集应该使用resultMap而不是resultType(也可以也写一个VO,来封装结果中的列,那么就可以使用resultType指向那个VO)。
2)映射结果集
我们来写个resultMap 来封装这个复杂结果集
Orders.xml的映射文件如下。t_orders和t_customer的id列,要使用别名来区分
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.alex.app.dao.OrdersDao"> <resultMap type="Orders" id="OrdersResultMap"> <id property="id" column="oid"/> <result property="number" column="number"/> <result property="address" column="address"/> </resultMap> <select id="selectById" parameterType="int" resultMap="OrdersResultMap"> select c.id cid, c.name name, c.cell_phone cellPhone, o.id oid, o.number number, o.address address from t_orders o join t_customer c on o.customer_id = c.id where o.id = #{id} </select> </mapper>
定义了一个resultMap,id为OrdersResultMap,查询的结果集指向这个resultMap。
来测试下
@Test
public void test() {
SqlSession session = null;
try {
session = MyBatisUtil.openSession();
OrdersDao ordersDao = session.getMapper(OrdersDao.class);
Orders orders = ordersDao.selectById(1);
System.out.println(orders);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
session.rollback();
}finally{
MyBatisUtil.coloseSession(session);
}
}
结果如下
Orders [id=1, number=GASDF235, address=北京朝阳, customer=null]
customer为null。
3)表达关联关系
我们还需要把orders到customer多对一,这个一方,也表示在resultMap里。使用association 标签。
t_orders和t_customer的id列,要使用别名来区分
<resultMap type="Orders" id="OrdersResultMap"> <id property="id" column="oid"/> <result property="number" column="number"/> <result property="address" column="address"/> <association property="customer" javaType="Customer"> <id property="id" column="cid"/> <result property="name" column="name"/> <result property="cellPhone" column="cell_phone"/> </association> </resultMap>
association解释
属性:property,当然是Orders实体中定义的属性名customer;
javaType,是customer所要映射成那个Java对象,这可以使用别名
子标签:
id,表示主键,property是实体类的属性名,column是对应表的字段列名
result,表示普通属性
4)再运行上面的测试代码,得到结果
Orders [id=1, number=GASDF235, address=北京朝阳, customer=Customer [id=1, name=bing, cellPhone=null, orders=null]]
看到我们已经关联上了,也返回了正确的结果。
5)Orders.xml完整内容。t_orders和t_customer的id列,要使用别名来区分
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.alex.app.dao.OrdersDao"> <resultMap type="Orders" id="OrdersResultMap"> <id property="id" column="oid"/> <result property="number" column="number"/> <result property="address" column="address"/> <association property="customer" javaType="Customer"> <id property="id" column="cid"/> <result property="name" column="name"/> <result property="cellPhone" column="cell_phone"/> </association> </resultMap> <select id="selectById" parameterType="int" resultMap="OrdersResultMap"> select c.id cid, c.name name, c.cell_phone cellPhone, o.id oid, o.number number, o.address address from t_orders o join t_customer c on o.customer_id = c.id where o.id = #{id} </select> </mapper>
四 一对多关联映射
从customer到orders一对多的关联关系。一个客户对多个订单信息
1)问题分析
考虑这个sql
select c.*, o.* from t_customer c
join t_orders o
on c.id = o.customer_id
where c.id = 1
查询结果bing这个客户拥有两个订单
2)映射结果集
映射文件的sql
<select id="selectById" parameterType="int" resultMap="CustomerResultMap"> select c.id cid, c.name name, c.cell_phone cellPhone, o.id oid, o.number number, o.address address from t_customer c, t_orders o where c.id = o.customer_id and c.id = #{id} </select>
3)一对多关联
上面我们需要提供一个resultMap="CustomerResultMap"。t_orders和t_customer的id列,要使用别名来区分
<resultMap type="Customer" id="CustomerResultMap"> <id property="id" column="cid" /> <result property="name" column="name" /> <collection property="orders" javaType="ArrayList" ofType="Orders"> <id property="id" column="oid" /> <result property="number" column="number" /> </collection> </resultMap>
一对多关联,多的一方使用collection表示
collection 属性 解释:
property,是实体类中的属性orders;
javaType,这里的JavaType代表的是实体类中的属性orders的类型是ArrayList
//一对多
private List<Orders> orders;
ofType,是集合中的放置的内容的类型,这里集合放的东西是Orders对象
4)测试下
@Test
public void testSelectCustomer() {
SqlSession session = null;
try {
session = MyBatisUtil.openSession();
CustomerDao customerDao = session.getMapper(CustomerDao.class);
Customer customer = customerDao.selectById(1);
System.out.println(customer);
List<Orders> orders = customer.getOrders();
System.out.println(orders);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
MyBatisUtil.coloseSession(session);
}
}
结果
DEBUG 2015-05-10 08:59:28,640 org.apache.ibatis.logging.jdbc.BaseJdbcLogger: ==> Preparing: select c.id cid, c.name name, c.cell_phone cellPhone, o.id oid, o.number number, o.address address from t_customer c, t_orders o where c.id = o.customer_id and c.id = ?
DEBUG 2015-05-10 08:59:28,687 org.apache.ibatis.logging.jdbc.BaseJdbcLogger: ==> Parameters: 1(Integer)
DEBUG 2015-05-10 08:59:28,718 org.apache.ibatis.logging.jdbc.BaseJdbcLogger: <== Total: 2
Customer [id=1, name=bing, cellPhone=null, orders=[Orders [id=1, number=GASDF235, address=null, customer=null], Orders [id=2, number=JHGFVSD34, address=null, customer=null]]]
[Orders [id=1, number=GASDF235, address=null, customer=null], Orders [id=2, number=JHGFVSD34, address=null, customer=null]]
5)Customer.xml完整内容。t_orders和t_customer的id列,要使用别名来区
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.alex.app.dao.CustomerDao"> <resultMap type="Customer" id="CustomerResultMap"> <id property="id" column="cid" /> <result property="name" column="name" /> <collection property="orders" javaType="ArrayList" ofType="Orders"> <id property="id" column="oid" /> <result property="number" column="number" /> </collection> </resultMap> <select id="selectById" parameterType="int" resultMap="CustomerResultMap"> select c.id cid, c.name name, c.cell_phone cellPhone, o.id oid, o.number number, o.address address from t_customer c, t_orders o where c.id = o.customer_id and c.id = #{id} </select> </mapper>