If条件分支语句的实现机制

(1)

int main() { int a=3,b=5; if (a<b) printf("%s","yes"); return 0; }

int a=3,b=5; 00CE13BE mov dword ptr [a],3 00CE13C5 mov dword ptr [b],5 if (a<b) printf("%s","yes"); 00CE13CC mov eax,dword ptr [a] 00CE13CF cmp eax,dword ptr [b] ；a<b吗？ 00CE13D2 jge main+50h (0CE13F0h) ；如果a>=b就跳转 00CE13D4 mov esi,esp 00CE13D6 push offset string "yes" (0CE5740h) ；下面输出yes 00CE13DB push offset string "%s" (0CE573Ch) 00CE13E0 call dword ptr [__imp__printf (0CE82BCh)] 00CE13E6 add esp,8 ；从堆栈弹出8字节

(2)

int main() { int a=3,b=5; if (a<b) printf("%s","yes"); else printf("%s","no"); return 0; }

int a=3,b=5; 013313BE mov dword ptr [a],3 013313C5 mov dword ptr [b],5 if (a<b) printf("%s","yes"); 013313CC mov eax,dword ptr [a] 013313CF cmp eax,dword ptr [b] ；a<b吗 013313D2 jge main+52h (13313F2h) ；a>=b则跳转 013313D4 mov esi,esp 013313D6 push offset string "yes" (1335744h) ；下面输出yes 013313DB push offset string "%s" (1335740h) 013313E0 call dword ptr [__imp__printf (13382BCh)] 013313E6 add esp,8 013313E9 cmp esi,esp 013313EB call @ILT+310(__RTC_CheckEsp) (133113Bh) 013313F0 jmp main+6Eh (133140Eh) ；无条件跳转到结束 else printf("%s","no"); 013313F2 mov esi,esp 013313F4 push offset string "no" (133573Ch) ；下面输出no 013313F9 push offset string "%s" (1335740h) 013313FE call dword ptr [__imp__printf (13382BCh)] 01331404 add esp,8 01331407 cmp esi,esp 01331409 call @ILT+310(__RTC_CheckEsp) (133113Bh) return 0; 0133140E xor eax,eax }

(3)

int main() { int a=3,b=5; if (a<b) printf("%s","yes"); else if (a>b) printf("%s","no"); else if (a==3) printf("%s","3"); else if (a==5) printf("%s","5"); else printf("%s","default"); return 0; }

int a=3,b=5; 00DC13BE mov dword ptr [a],3 00DC13C5 mov dword ptr [b],5 if (a<b) printf("%s","yes"); 00DC13CC mov eax,dword ptr [a] 00DC13CF cmp eax,dword ptr [b] ；a<b吗 00DC13D2 jge main+55h (0DC13F5h) ；如果a>=b则跳转到0DC13F5h（下一个判断语句） 00DC13D4 mov esi,esp 00DC13D6 push offset string "yes" (0DC5758h) ；输出yes 00DC13DB push offset string "%s" (0DC5754h) 00DC13E0 call dword ptr [__imp__printf (0DC82BCh)] 00DC13E6 add esp,8 00DC13E9 cmp esi,esp 00DC13EB call @ILT+310(__RTC_CheckEsp) (0DC113Bh) 00DC13F0 jmp main+0DFh (0DC147Fh) ；直接跳到结束 else if (a>b) printf("%s","no"); 00DC13F5 mov eax,dword ptr [a] 00DC13F8 cmp eax,dword ptr [b] ；a b 比较 00DC13FB jle main+7Bh (0DC141Bh) ；a<=b则跳转到下一个判断语句 00DC13FD mov esi,esp 00DC13FF push offset string "no" (0DC5750h) ；输出no 00DC1404 push offset string "%s" (0DC5754h) 00DC1409 call dword ptr [__imp__printf (0DC82BCh)] 00DC140F add esp,8 00DC1412 cmp esi,esp 00DC1414 call @ILT+310(__RTC_CheckEsp) (0DC113Bh) 00DC1419 jmp main+0DFh (0DC147Fh) ；直接跳到结束 else if (a==3) printf("%s","3"); 00DC141B cmp dword ptr [a],3 ；a和3 比较 00DC141F jne main+9Fh (0DC143Fh) ；a!=3则跳转 00DC1421 mov esi,esp 00DC1423 push offset string "3" (0DC574Ch) ；输出3 00DC1428 push offset string "%s" (0DC5754h) 00DC142D call dword ptr [__imp__printf (0DC82BCh)] 00DC1433 add esp,8 00DC1436 cmp esi,esp 00DC1438 call @ILT+310(__RTC_CheckEsp) (0DC113Bh) 00DC143D jmp main+0DFh (0DC147Fh) else if (a==5) printf("%s","5"); 00DC143F cmp dword ptr [a],5 ；a和5比较 00DC1443 jne main+0C3h (0DC1463h) ；a!=5则跳转到下一个判断 00DC1445 mov esi,esp 00DC1447 push offset string "5" (0DC5748h) ；输出5 00DC144C push offset string "%s" (0DC5754h) 00DC1451 call dword ptr [__imp__printf (0DC82BCh)] 00DC1457 add esp,8 00DC145A cmp esi,esp 00DC145C call @ILT+310(__RTC_CheckEsp) (0DC113Bh) 00DC1461 jmp main+0DFh (0DC147Fh) else printf("%s","default"); 00DC1463 mov esi,esp 00DC1465 push offset string "default" (0DC573Ch) ；输出default 00DC146A push offset string "%s" (0DC5754h) 00DC146F call dword ptr [__imp__printf (0DC82BCh)] 00DC1475 add esp,8 00DC1478 cmp esi,esp 00DC147A call @ILT+310(__RTC_CheckEsp) (0DC113Bh) return 0; 00DC147F xor eax,eax }

If（表达式1）语句和else if(表达式2)语句生成的汇编代码形式一样，每一段分支代码都有一条无条件跳转指令jmp到分支结尾的地方，这样就保证只执行一个分支，最后一个else语句不需要进行表达式的计算和判断。