每一个应用程序都有自己的进程,进程之间不能互相访问,这叫做应用程序沙漏(application sandboxing)
为了能用使应用程序能互相访问,Android提供IPC(interprocess communication protocol)
IPC protocol因为需要整理封装(marshaling/un marshaling数据)而变得复杂。
因此.Android提供 AIDL(Android Interface Definition Language),它对使用了类似于java的语法,对IPC轻量级实现,并有AIDL工具自动实现stub的创建
实现步骤:
1.定义 the AIDL interface
2.为remote service实现Stub
3.将remote service提供给本地 local client
第一步:定义 the AIDL interface
package com.marakana;// 定义接口
]AIDLinterface IAdditionService { // 可传递标记in, out, or inout. // Primitive 类型 (例如 int, boolean, etc.) 仅能而其默认是in.
int add(in int value1, in int value2);}
第二步:为remote service实现Stub
/**
* 这个类实现了remote service 到 Local client 本地
*/
public class AdditionService extends Service {
private static final String TAG = "AdditionService";
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
Log.d(TAG, "onCreate()");
}
//返回remote 对象
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return new IAdditionService.Stub() {
/**
* Implementation of the add() method
*/
public int add(int value1, int value2) throws RemoteException {
Log.d(TAG, String.format("AdditionService.add(%d, %d)",value1, value2));
return value1 + value2;
}
};
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
Log.d(TAG, "onDestroy()");
}
}
第三步:将remote service提供给本地 local client
利用servcie实现onBind(),就可以连接到remote service
public class AIDLDemo extends Activity {
private static final String TAG = "AIDLDemo";
IAdditionService service;
AdditionServiceConnection connection;
/**
* 这个类实现了真实的remote service的连接.它将IBinder类型的对象,也就是Stub的实现类
* 转为 AIDL 接口. asInterface方法是aild工具产生的比较重要的方法
*/
class AdditionServiceConnection implements ServiceConnection {
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder boundService) {
service = IAdditionService.Stub.asInterface((IBinder) boundService);
Log.d(AIDLDemo.TAG, "onServiceConnected() connected");
Toast.makeText(AIDLDemo.this, "Service connected", Toast.LENGTH_LONG)
.show();
}
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
service = null;
Log.d(AIDLDemo.TAG, "onServiceDisconnected() disconnected");
Toast.makeText(AIDLDemo.this, "Service connected", Toast.LENGTH_LONG)
.show();
}
}
/** 将Activity绑定到Service. */
private void initService() {
connection = new AdditionServiceConnection();
Intent i = new Intent();
i.setClassName("com.marakana", com.marakana.AdditionService.class.getName());
boolean ret = bindService(i, connection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
Log.d(TAG, "initService() bound with " + ret);
}
/** 解除绑定. */
private void releaseService() {
unbindService(connection);
connection = null;
Log.d(TAG, "releaseService() unbound.");
}
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
initService();
// Setup the UI
Button buttonCalc = (Button) findViewById(R.id.buttonCalc);
buttonCalc.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
TextView result = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.result);
EditText value1 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.value1);
EditText value2 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.value2);
public void onClick(View v) {
int v1, v2, res = -1;
v1 = Integer.parseInt(value1.getText().toString());
v2 = Integer.parseInt(value2.getText().toString());
try {
res = service.add(v1, v2);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
Log.d(AIDLDemo.TAG, "onClick failed with: " + e);
e.printStackTrace();
}
result.setText(new Integer(res).toString());
}
});
}
/** Called when the activity is about to be destroyed. */
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
releaseService();
}
}
资源来源:http://marakana.com/forums/android/examples/48.html
源代码: http://marakana.com/static/tutorials/AIDLDemo.zip