JAVA MAIL是利用现有的邮件账户发送邮件的工具,比如说,我在网易注册一个邮箱账户,通过JAVA Mail的操控,我可以不亲自登录网易邮箱,让程序自动的使用网易邮箱发送邮件。这一机制被广泛的用在注册激活和垃圾邮件的发送等方面。JavaMail可以到http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javamail/index-138643.html进行下载,并将mail.jar添加到classpath即可。如果你使用的是JAVA EE SDK,则可以在C:\glassfishv3\glassfish\modules\mail.jar找到所需的jar包,同样需要添加的classpath。
JAVA邮件发送的大致过程是这样的的:
1、构建一个继承自javax.mail.Authenticator的具体类,并重写里面的getPasswordAuthentication()方法。此类是用作登录校验的,以确保你对该邮箱有发送邮件的权利。
2、构建一个properties文件,该文件中存放SMTP服务器地址等参数。
3、通过构建的properties文件和javax.mail.Authenticator具体类来创建一个javax.mail.Session。Session的创建,就相当于登录邮箱一样。剩下的自然就是新建邮件。
4、构建邮件内容,一般是javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage对象,并指定发送人,收信人,主题,内容等等。
5、使用javax.mail.Transport工具类发送邮件。
下面是封装的代码,注释也比较详细
1、首先是继承自javax.mail.Authenticator的一个具体类。getPasswordAuthentication()方法也就是构建一个PasswordAuthentication对象并返回,有点费解JAVA Mail这样的设计意图,可能是javax.mail.Authenticator为我们提供了附加的保证安全的验证措施吧。
package com.mzule.simplemail;
import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
public class MailAuthenticator extends Authenticator {
private String username;
private String password;
public MailAuthenticator(String username, String password) {
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}
String getPassword() {
return password;
}
@Override
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication(username, password);
}
String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
}
2、邮件发送类,剩下的步骤都是在这个类实现的。代码中的SimpleMail是封装了邮件主题和内容的一个POJO。觉得在一个方法参数中既包含主题又包含内容,不太合适,故重载了此方法。还有就是因为大多数邮箱的SMTP服务器地址都是可以通过邮箱地址算出来,简单起见,提供了一个不需要SMTP服务器地址的构造器。
package com.mzule.simplemail;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.AddressException;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage.RecipientType;
public class SimpleMailSender {
private final transient Properties props = System.getProperties();
private transient MailAuthenticator authenticator;
private transient Session session;
public SimpleMailSender(final String smtpHostName, final String username,
final String password) {
init(username, password, smtpHostName);
}
public SimpleMailSender(final String username, final String password) {
final String smtpHostName = "smtp." + username.split("@")[1];
init(username, password, smtpHostName);
}
private void init(String username, String password, String smtpHostName) {
props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
props.put("mail.smtp.host", smtpHostName);
authenticator = new MailAuthenticator(username, password);
session = Session.getInstance(props, authenticator);
}
public void send(String recipient, String subject, Object content)
throws AddressException, MessagingException {
final MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(authenticator.getUsername()));
message.setRecipient(RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(recipient));
message.setSubject(subject);
message.setContent(content.toString(), "text/html;charset=utf-8");
Transport.send(message);
}
public void send(List<String> recipients, String subject, Object content)
throws AddressException, MessagingException {
final MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(authenticator.getUsername()));
final int num = recipients.size();
InternetAddress[] addresses = new InternetAddress[num];
for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
addresses[i] = new InternetAddress(recipients.get(i));
}
message.setRecipients(RecipientType.TO, addresses);
message.setSubject(subject);
message.setContent(content.toString(), "text/html;charset=utf-8");
Transport.send(message);
}
public void send(String recipient, SimpleMail mail)
throws AddressException, MessagingException {
send(recipient, mail.getSubject(), mail.getContent());
}
public void send(List<String> recipients, SimpleMail mail)
throws AddressException, MessagingException {
send(recipients, mail.getSubject(), mail.getContent());
}
}
3、调用上面的邮箱发送器,可以构建一个工厂类,工厂类可以封装创建的过程,所以通过读配置文件获取邮箱用户名,密码都会变得十分方便。下面的代码是我在写观察者模式的时候写的,只是简单演示了工厂类。
package com.mzule.dp.observer.factory;
import com.mzule.dp.observer.constant.MailSenderType;
import com.mzule.simplemail.SimpleMailSender;
public class MailSenderFactory {
private static SimpleMailSender serviceSms = null;
public static SimpleMailSender getSender(MailSenderType type) {
if (type == MailSenderType.SERVICE) {
if (serviceSms == null) {
serviceSms = new SimpleMailSender("invisible@126.com",
"hidden");
}
return serviceSms;
}
return null;
}
}
4、发送邮件,还是观察者模式DEMO里面的代码
package com.mzule.dp.observer.observer;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Observable;
import java.util.Observer;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.AddressException;
import com.mzule.dp.observer.constant.MailSenderType;
import com.mzule.dp.observer.factory.MailSenderFactory;
import com.mzule.dp.observer.po.Product;
import com.mzule.simplemail.SimpleMailSender;
public class ProductPriceObserver implements Observer {
@Override
public void update(Observable obj, Object arg) {
Product product = null;
if (obj instanceof Product) {
product = (Product) obj;
}
if (arg instanceof Float) {
Float price = (Float) arg;
Float decrease = product.getPrice() - price;
if (decrease > 0) {
// 发送邮件
SimpleMailSender sms = MailSenderFactory
.getSender(MailSenderType.SERVICE);
List<String> recipients = new ArrayList<String>();
recipients.add("invisible@qq.com");
recipients.add("invisible@gmail.com");
try {
for (String recipient : recipients) {
sms.send(recipient, "价格变动", "您关注的物品"
+ product.getName() + "降价了,由"
+ product.getPrice() + "元降到" + price + "元,降幅达"
+ decrease + "元人民币。赶快购物吧。");
}
} catch (AddressException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (MessagingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
5.以下是原文中缺少的类
package com.mzule.dp.observer.constant;
public class MailSenderType {
public static MailSenderType SERVICE = null;
}
package com.mzule.dp.observer.po;
import java.util.Observable;
public class Product extends Observable{
public Float getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(Float price) {
this.price = price;
}
public Float price;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String name;
}
package com.mzule.simplemail;
public class SimpleMail {
public String subject;
public String getSubject() {
return subject;
}
public void setSubject(String subject) {
this.subject = subject;
}
public String getContent() {
return content;
}
public void setContent(String content) {
this.content = content;
}
public String content;
}
6.发送邮件入口类
package com.mzule.simplemail;
import com.mzule.dp.observer.observer.ProductPriceObserver;
import com.mzule.dp.observer.po.Product;
public class SendMail {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ProductPriceObserver server = new ProductPriceObserver();
Product product = new Product();
product.setName("杰克琼斯");
product.setPrice(100F);
try{
server.update(product, 50F);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
8.以上就是完整的发送不带附件的邮件的简单程序,下边的连接是原文地址
原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/codeplus/archive/2011/10/30/2229391.html