package com.corejava.innerclass;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.util.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.Timer;
/**
*
* @author vincent
*
*/
public class InnerClassTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
TalkingClock clock = new TalkingClock(1000, true);
clock.start();
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Quit program?");
System.exit(0);
}
}
class TalkingClock {
private int interval;
private boolean beep;
public TalkingClock(int interval, boolean beep) {
this.interval = interval;
this.beep = beep;
}
public void start() {
ActionListener listener = new TimePrinter();
Timer t = new Timer(interval, listener);
t.start();
}
public class TimePrinter implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Date now = new Date();
System.out.println("At the tone, the time is " + now);
if(beep)
Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().beep();
}
}
}
public void start() {
class TimerPrinter implements ActionListener {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {
Date now = new Date();
System.out.println("At the tone, the time is " + now);
if(beep)
Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().beep();
}
}
ActionListener listener = new TimerPrinter();
Timer t = new Timer(interval, listener);
t.start();
}
注意:局部内部类不能用public或private声明,它的作用域被限定在声明这个局部类的块中;
public void start(int interval, final boolean beep) {
class TimerPrinter implements ActionListener {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {
Date now = new Date();
System.out.println("At the tone, the time is " + now);
if(beep)
Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().beep();
}
}
ActionListener listener = new TimerPrinter();
Timer t = new Timer(interval, listener);
t.start();
}
6.4.6匿名内部类
1、将局部内部类深入,若只创建这个类的一个对象,就不用命名了。这种类就是匿名内部类。
小程序:
public void start(int interval, final boolean beep) {
ActiongListener listener = new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {
Date now = new Date();
System.out.println("At the tone, time is " + now);
if(beep)
Toolkit.getDefultToolkit().beep();
}
};
Timer t = new Timer(interval, listener);
t.start();
}
代码解析:创建了一个实现ActiongListener接口的类的新对象,这个新对象需要实现actionPerformed所定义的方法。
2、构造器的名字必须和类名相同,但是匿名类没有类名,所以匿名类没有构造器。取而代之的是将构造器的参数传递给超类(父类)构造器。尤其是内部类实现接口是不能有任何构造参数,而且还要提供一组括号,例如:
new InterfaceType() {
methods and data;
}
3、构造一个类的新对象共和构造一个匿名类的区别:
Person queen = new Person("Mary");//a Person object
Person count = new Person() {....}; //an object of an inner class extending Person
如果构造参数的闭源括号跟一个开花括号,表示正在定义的就是匿名内部类
例6-5源代码:将这个程序与之前的6-4相比较会发现匿名类的解决方案比较简单、实际和易于理解
package com.core.anonymousinnerclass;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.Timer;
/**
*
* @author vincent
*
*/
public class AnonymousInnerClass {
public static void main(String[] args) {
TalkingClock clock = new TalkingClock();
clock.start(1000, true);
//keep progra running until user selects "OK"
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Quit program?");
System.exit(0);
}
}
class TalkingClock {
public void start(int interval, final boolean beep) {
ActionListener listener = new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Date now = new Date();
System.out.println("At the tone, time is: " + now);
if(beep)
Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().beep();
}
};
Timer t = new Timer(interval, listener);
t.start();
}
}
package com.core.staticinnerclass;
/**
*
* @author vincent
*
*/
public class StaticInnerClass {
public static void main(String[] args) {
double[] d = new double[20];
for (int i = 0; i < d.length; i++)
d[i] = 100 * Math.random();
ArrayAlg.Pair p = ArrayAlg.minmax(d); //不需要用new生成对象,静态方法可以直接引用
System.out.println("min = " + p.getFirst());
System.out.println("max = " + p.getSecond());
}
}
class ArrayAlg {
//A pair of floating-point numbers
public static class Pair {
private double first;
private double second;
//Constructs a pair from two floating-point numbers
public Pair(double f, double s) {
first = f;
second = s;
}
//Returns the first numbers of the pair
public double getFirst() {
return first;
}
//Return the second numbers of the pair
public double getSecond() {
return second;
}
}
//minmax方法返回 Pair这个静态内部类
public static Pair minmax(double[] values) {
double min = Double.MAX_VALUE;
double max = Double.MIN_VALUE;
for (double v : values) {
if (min > v)
min = v;
if (max < v)
max = v;
}
return new Pair(min, max);
}
}