IOS开发笔记（5）程序异常crash捕获与拦截

开发iOS应用，解决Crash问题始终是一个难题。Crash分为两种，一种是由EXC_BAD_ACCESS引起的，原因是访问了不属于本进程的内存地址，有可能是访问已被释放的内存；另一种是未被捕获的Objective-C异常（NSException），导致程序向自身发送了SIGABRT信号而崩溃。其实对于未捕获的Objective-C异常，我们是有办法将它记录下来的，如果日志记录得当，能够解决绝大部分崩溃的问题。这里对于UI线程与后台线程分别说明。

一：在.h文件中编写

@interface UncaughtExceptionHandler : NSObject{
	BOOL dismissed;
}

@end
void HandleException(NSException *exception);
void SignalHandler(int signal);


void InstallUncaughtExceptionHandler(void);

二：在.m文件编写

#import "UncaughtExceptionHandler.h"
#include <libkern/OSAtomic.h>
#include <execinfo.h>

//http://www.cocoachina.com/newbie/tutorial/2012/0829/4672.html
NSString * const UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalExceptionName = @"UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalExceptionName";
NSString * const UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalKey = @"UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalKey";
NSString * const UncaughtExceptionHandlerAddressesKey = @"UncaughtExceptionHandlerAddressesKey";

volatile int32_t UncaughtExceptionCount = 0;
const int32_t UncaughtExceptionMaximum = 10;

const NSInteger UncaughtExceptionHandlerSkipAddressCount = 4;
const NSInteger UncaughtExceptionHandlerReportAddressCount = 5;

@implementation UncaughtExceptionHandler

+ (NSArray *)backtrace
{
	 void* callstack[128];
	 int frames = backtrace(callstack, 128);
	 char **strs = backtrace_symbols(callstack, frames);
	 
	 int i;
	 NSMutableArray *backtrace = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:frames];
	 for (
	 	i = UncaughtExceptionHandlerSkipAddressCount;
	 	i < UncaughtExceptionHandlerSkipAddressCount +
			UncaughtExceptionHandlerReportAddressCount;
		i++)
	 {
	 	[backtrace addObject:[NSString stringWithUTF8String:strs[i]]];
	 }
	 free(strs);
	 
	 return backtrace;
}

- (void)alertView:(UIAlertView *)anAlertView clickedButtonAtIndex:(NSInteger)anIndex
{
	if (anIndex == 0)
	{
		dismissed = YES;
	}else if (anIndex==1) {
        NSLog(@"ssssssss");
    }
}

- (void)validateAndSaveCriticalApplicationData
{
	
}

- (void)handleException:(NSException *)exception
{
	[self validateAndSaveCriticalApplicationData];
	
	UIAlertView *alert =
		[[[UIAlertView alloc]
			initWithTitle:NSLocalizedString(@"抱歉，程序出现了异常", nil)
			message:[NSString stringWithFormat:NSLocalizedString(
				@"如果点击继续，程序有可能会出现其他的问题，建议您还是点击退出按钮并重新打开\n\n"
				@"异常原因如下:\n%@\n%@", nil),
				[exception reason],
				[[exception userInfo] objectForKey:UncaughtExceptionHandlerAddressesKey]]
			delegate:self
			cancelButtonTitle:NSLocalizedString(@"退出", nil)
			otherButtonTitles:NSLocalizedString(@"继续", nil), nil]
		autorelease];
	[alert show];
	
	CFRunLoopRef runLoop = CFRunLoopGetCurrent();
	CFArrayRef allModes = CFRunLoopCopyAllModes(runLoop);
	
	while (!dismissed)
	{
		for (NSString *mode in (NSArray *)allModes)
		{
			CFRunLoopRunInMode((CFStringRef)mode, 0.001, false);
		}
	}
	
	CFRelease(allModes);

	NSSetUncaughtExceptionHandler(NULL);
	signal(SIGABRT, SIG_DFL);
	signal(SIGILL, SIG_DFL);
	signal(SIGSEGV, SIG_DFL);
	signal(SIGFPE, SIG_DFL);
	signal(SIGBUS, SIG_DFL);
	signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_DFL);
	
	if ([[exception name] isEqual:UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalExceptionName])
	{
		kill(getpid(), [[[exception userInfo] objectForKey:UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalKey] intValue]);
	}
	else
	{
		[exception raise];
	}
}

@end

void HandleException(NSException *exception)
{
	int32_t exceptionCount = OSAtomicIncrement32(&UncaughtExceptionCount);
	if (exceptionCount > UncaughtExceptionMaximum)
	{
		return;
	}
	
	NSArray *callStack = [UncaughtExceptionHandler backtrace];
	NSMutableDictionary *userInfo =
		[NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithDictionary:[exception userInfo]];
	[userInfo
		setObject:callStack
		forKey:UncaughtExceptionHandlerAddressesKey];
	
	[[[[UncaughtExceptionHandler alloc] init] autorelease]
		performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(handleException:)
		withObject:
			[NSException
				exceptionWithName:[exception name]
				reason:[exception reason]
				userInfo:userInfo]
		waitUntilDone:YES];
}

void SignalHandler(int signal)
{
	int32_t exceptionCount = OSAtomicIncrement32(&UncaughtExceptionCount);
	if (exceptionCount > UncaughtExceptionMaximum)
	{
		return;
	}
	
	NSMutableDictionary *userInfo =
		[NSMutableDictionary
			dictionaryWithObject:[NSNumber numberWithInt:signal]
			forKey:UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalKey];

	NSArray *callStack = [UncaughtExceptionHandler backtrace];
	[userInfo
		setObject:callStack
		forKey:UncaughtExceptionHandlerAddressesKey];
	
	[[[[UncaughtExceptionHandler alloc] init] autorelease]
		performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(handleException:)
		withObject:
			[NSException
				exceptionWithName:UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalExceptionName
				reason:
					[NSString stringWithFormat:
						NSLocalizedString(@"Signal %d was raised.", nil),
						signal]
				userInfo:
					[NSDictionary
						dictionaryWithObject:[NSNumber numberWithInt:signal]
						forKey:UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalKey]]
		waitUntilDone:YES];
}

void InstallUncaughtExceptionHandler(void)
{
	NSSetUncaughtExceptionHandler(&HandleException);
	signal(SIGABRT, SignalHandler);
	signal(SIGILL, SignalHandler);
	signal(SIGSEGV, SignalHandler);
	signal(SIGFPE, SignalHandler);
	signal(SIGBUS, SignalHandler);
	signal(SIGPIPE, SignalHandler);
}

三：最后在AppDelegate中创建

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions{
  InstallUncaughtExceptionHandler();
    self.window = [[[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]] autorelease];
    // Override point for customization after application launch.
  self.viewController = [[[ViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"ViewController" bundle:nil] autorelease];
  self.window.rootViewController = self.viewController;
    [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
    return YES;
}

四：最后的测试

- (IBAction)onclcko:(id)sender {
   //  [alert show];
    NSArray *arry=[NSArray arrayWithObject:@"sss"];
    NSLog(@"%@",[arry objectAtIndex:1]);
}

五：结果