终于入手了阿里云CentOS 5.4 32位,环境搭建成功,本人属于LINUX菜鸟级的,只是为了方便整理下整个安装过程分享给大家。还希望高手多多赐教。(同样适用LINUX 64位的安装,根据需要更换相应的兼容程序包)
一. 系统设定
引用软件源代码包存放位置:/usr/local/src
源码包编译安装位置(prefix) :/usr/local/software_name
脚本以及维护程序存放位置:/usr/local/sbin
MySQL 数据库位置:/var/lib/MySQL (可按情况设置)
Apache 网站根目录:/home/www/wwwroot (可按情况设置)
Apache 虚拟主机日志根目录:/home/www/logs (可按情况设置)
Apache 运行账户:www:www
二. 前期准备
引用1. 修改服务器密码复制代码
- # passwd
- # 填写你要重设的密码
- # 再次输入
引用2. 卸载自带的httpd (阿里云的Linux自带httpd,我们需要卸载它。)复制代码
- # rpm -e gnome-user-share
- # rpm -e httpd
引用3. 关闭不需要的服务复制代码
- # ntsysv
以下仅列出需要启动的服务,未列出的服务一律推荐关闭:(按空格键选择/取消)
atd
crond
irqbalance
microcode_ctl
network
ntpd
sendmail
sshd
syslog
按Tab确认,退出。
引用4. 更换快速源(国内163源)复制代码
- # cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
- # mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.old
- # wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS-Base-163.repo
- # mv CentOS-Base-163.repo CentOS-Base.repo
- # yum makecache //生成缓存
- # yum update
引用5. 下载程序包,脚本和配置文件
以下列出的程序最新稳定版下载列表
复制代码
- # cd /usr/local/src
- # wget http://c.sihost.net/lamp_tools.list
- # wget -i lamp_tools.list
下载Apache 控制脚本复制代码
- # wget http://c.sihost.net/jb/httpd
下载Apache 配置文件复制代码
- # wget [url]http://c.sihost.net/jb/httpd.conf[/url]
引用创建web运行用户复制代码
- # groupadd www
- # useradd -g www www
- # mkdir -p /home/www/wwwroot
- # chmod +w /home/www/wwwroot
- # chown www:www /home/www/wwwroot -R
重新启动复制代码
- # init 6
三. 编译安装L.A.M.P环境
引用1. 安装MySQL复制代码
- # cd /usr/local/src
- # wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.58-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz/from/ftp://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/mysql/
- # tar zxvf mysql-5.1.58-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz
- # mv mysql-5.1.58-linux-i686-glibc23 /usr/local/
- # ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.1.58-linux-i686-glibc23/ /usr/local/mysql
- # groupadd mysql
- # useradd -g mysql mysql
- # chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
- # chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql-5.1.58-linux-i686-glibc23/
- # cd /usr/local/mysql
- # ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
- # cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
- # chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
- # chkconfig --add mysqld
- # chkconfig --level 3 mysqld on
- # cp ./support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf
- # mv /usr/local/mysql/data /var/lib/mysql
- # chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
修改 my.cnf (具体修改操作请搜索相关LINUX vi命令)复制代码
- vi /etc/my.cnf
在 [mysqld] 段 增加复制代码
- datadir = /var/lib/mysql
- skip-innodb
- wait-timeout = 10
- max_connections = 512
- max_connect_errors = 10000000
在 [mysqld] 段 修改复制代码
- max_allowed_packet = 16M
- thread_cache_size = CPU个数x2
- 将 log-bin 前加#注释掉
保存!
生成数据库 启动服务进程
复制代码
- # service mysqld start
修改数据库密码复制代码
- # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password "填写你的密码" -p
进入mysql 查看状态( 可以不做)复制代码
- # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p你的密码
- status
- exit
引用2、编译安装Apache
复制代码
- # cd /usr/local/src/
- # tar zxvf httpd-2.2.19.tar.gz
- # cd httpd-2.2.19/
- # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-module=rewrite --disable-access --disable-auth --disable-charset-lite --disable-include --disable-log-config --disable-env --disable-setenvif --disable-mime --disable-status --disable-autoindex --disable-asis --disable-cgid --disable-cgi --disable-negotiation --disable-dir --disable-actions --disable-userdir --disable-alias --enable-so --enable-mods-shared=' access auth auth_anon auth_dbm auth_digest dav dav_fs actions alias asis autoindex cache cern_meta cgi charset_lite deflate dir disk_cache env expires file_cache headers include info log_config logio mime mime_magic negotiation rewrite setenvif speling status unique_id userdir usertrack vhost_alias'
- # make
- # make install
- # cd /usr/local/src/
- # mv /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf.old
- # cp -f /usr/local/src/httpd.conf /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
- # cp -f /usr/local/src/httpd /etc/init.d/httpd
- # chmod 755 /etc/init.d/httpd
- # chkconfig --add httpd
- # chkconfig httpd on
引用3、编辑安装PHP所需的支持库
Libiconv复制代码
- # cd /usr/local/src/
- # tar zxvf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
- # cd libiconv-1.14/
- # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
- # make
- # make install
- # cd ..
Libmcrypt
复制代码
- # tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
- # cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
- # ./configure
- # make
- # make install
- # /sbin/ldconfig
- # cd libltdl/
- # ./configure --enable-ltdl-install
- # make
- # make install
- # cd /usr/local/src/
Mhash
复制代码
- # tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
- # cd mhash-0.9.9.9/
- # ./configure
- # make
- # make install
- # cd ..
- # ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
- # ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
- # ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
- # ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
- # ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
- # ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1
- # tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
- # cd mcrypt-2.6.8
- # /sbin/ldconfig
- # ./configure
- # make
- # make install
引用4、编译安装PHP
复制代码
- # cd /usr/local/src
- # tar zxvf php-5.2.17.tar.gz
- # cd php-5.2.17
- # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/etc --enable-mbstring --enable-ftp --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir=/usr --with-png-dir=/usr --enable-magic-quotes --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-pear --enable-sockets --with-ttf --with-freetype-dir=/usr --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-zlib --enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --with-libxml-dir=/usr --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-xmlrpc --enable-xml --enable-shmop --enable-zip --with-mhash --with-mcrypt --enable-discard-path --enable-bcmath --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --with-openssl
- # make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
- # make install
- # ./libtool --finish /usr/local/src/php-5.2.17/libs
- # cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/etc/php.ini
- # echo 'ulimit -SHn 65535' >> /etc/rc.local
- # service httpd start
引用5、安装PHP扩展模块
Memcache
复制代码
- # cd /usr/local/src
- # tar zxvf memcache-2.2.6.tgz
- # cd memcache-2.2.6/
- # /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
- # ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
- # make
- # make install
修改php.ini文件,路径/usr/local/etc/
复制代码
- # vi /usr/local/etc/php.ini
查找:
复制代码
- extension_dir = "./"
修改成:
复制代码在此句下面一行添加:
- extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"
复制代码
- extension = "memcache.so"
查找:
复制代码修改:
- output_buffering = Off
复制代码
- output_buffering = On
保存!
Memcached复制代码
- # cd /usr/local/src
- # tar zxvf libevent-1.4.13-stable.tar.gz
- # cd libevent-1.4.13-stable
- # ./configure --prefix=/usr/lib
- # make
- # make install
- # cd ../
- # tar zxvf memcached-1.4.6.tar.gz
- # cd memcached-1.4.6
- # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local --with-libevent=/usr/lib/
- # make
- # make install
- # /usr/local/bin/memcached -d -u www -m 128
安装Zend Optimizer
复制代码Please specify the location for installing
- # cd /usr/local/src
- # wget http://files.directadmin.com/services/custombuild/ZendOptimizer-3.3.3-linux-glibc23-i386.tar.gz
- # tar zxvf ZendOptimizer-3.3.3-linux-glibc23-i386.tar.gz
- # cd ZendOptimizer-3.3.3-linux-glibc23-i386
- # ./install
Zend Optimizer:
这里填写Zend 的安装路径,按下面写即可
/usr/local/Zend
Confirm the location of your
php.ini file:
这里填写的是php.ini 的路径,按下面写即可
/usr/local/etc
Are you using Apache Web server?
这里选YES
Apache 的控制组件路径
/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl
是否重启Apache ,YES ,回车
三.查看确认L.A.M.P环境信息、提升 PHP 安全性
引用保存以下内容为info.php 到/home/www/wwwroot/ ,检查phpinfo 中的各项信息是否正确。
[code]<?
phpinfo()
?>[/code]
确认 PHP 能够正常工作后,编辑/usr/local/etc/php.ini 进行设置提升PHP 安全性。
[code]# vi /usr/local/etc/php.ini[/code]
找到:
[code]disable_functions =[/code]
在等号后添加下面的函数名字
[code]disable_functions = exec,system,passthru,shell_exec,escapeshellarg,escapeshellcmd,proc_close,proc_open,dl,popen,show_source syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream_socket_server[/code]
四、服务器安全性设置
引用
设置系统防火墙
[code]# vi /usr/local/sbin/fw.sh[/code]
将以下脚本命令粘贴到 fw.sh 文件中。
[code]#!/bin/bash
# Stop iptables service first
service iptables stop
# Load FTP Kernel modules
/sbin/modprobe ip_conntrack_ftp
/sbin/modprobe ip_nat_ftp
# Inital chains default policy
/sbin/iptables -F -t filter
/sbin/iptables -P INPUT DROP
/sbin/iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT
# Enable Native Network Transfer
/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
# Accept Established Connections
/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
# ICMP Control
/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -m limit --limit 1/s --limit-burst 10 -j ACCEPT
# WWW Service
/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
# FTP Service
/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT
# SSH Service
/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
# chmod 755 /usr/local/sbin/fw.sh
# echo '/usr/local/sbin/fw.sh' >> /etc/rc.local
# /usr/local/sbin/fw.sh[/code](转阿里云教程)