Bean在Spring容器中的生命周期

   Bean在Spring容器中的生命周期

配置在Spring中的Bean在Spring容器中从加载到销毁会经历那些过程呢?如果实现一些特定的Spring接口,这些特定接口的方法会在什么时候被调用呢?本文简单介绍一下这些过程.

Bean在Spring容器中的生命周期如下图所示:

 

1,调用Bean的构造函数(或者工厂方法)实例化Bean.
2,对Bean的成员变量赋值.
3,如果Bean实现了BeanNameAware,调用Bean的setBeanName方法.
4,如果Bean实现了BeanFactoryAware,调用Bean的setBeanFactory方法.
5,如果Bean实现了ApplicationContextAware,调用Bean的setApplicationContext方法.
6,如果容器中配置了BeanPostProcessor,调用BeanPostProcessor的postProcessBeforeInitialization方法(如果有多个BeanPostProcessor,调用每一个BeanPostProcessor的postProcessBeforeInitialization方法).
6,如果Bean实现了InitializingBean,调用Bean的afterPropertiesSet方法.
7,如果Bean配置了init-method方法,调用init-method配置的Bean方法.
8,如果容器中配置了BeanPostProcessor,调用BeanPostProcessor的postProcessAfterInitialization方法.(如果有多个BeanPostProcessor,调用每一个BeanPostProcessor的postProcessAfterInitialization方法).
9,Bean处于可以使用的状态.
10,Spring容器关闭.
11,4,如果Bean实现了DisposableBean,调用Bean的destroy方法.
12,如果Bean配置了destroy-method方法,调用destroy-method配置的Bean的方法.

实例:LifeCycleBean implements InitializingBean, DisposableBean,BeanNameAware,BeanFactoryAware, ApplicationContextAware,配置了init-method="init" destroy-method="cleanup",容器中有两个BeanPostProcessor

 

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1. public class LifeCycleBean implements InitializingBean, DisposableBean,  
2.         BeanNameAware,BeanFactoryAware, ApplicationContextAware {  
3.     private String str = "default";  
4.     public LifeCycleBean() {  
5.         System.out.println("construct LifecycleBean ***************");  
6.     }  
7.     public LifeCycleBean(String str) {  
8.         this.str = str;  
9.     }  
10.     public String getStr() {  
11.         return str;  
12.     }  
13.     public void setStr(String str) {  
14.         System.out.println("setStr ***************");  
15.         this.str = str;  
16.     }  
17.     public void init() {  
18.         System.out.println("init mtd ***************");  
19.     }  
20.     public void cleanup() {  
21.         System.out.println("cleanup mtd ***************");  
22.     }  
23.       
24.     public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {  
25.         System.out.println("afterPropertiesSet ***************");  
26.     }  
27.     public void destroy() throws Exception {  
28.         System.out.println("destroy ***************");  
29.     }     
30.     public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext arg0)  
31.             throws BeansException {  
32.         System.out.println("setApplicationContext***************");  
33.     }  
34.     public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory arg0) throws BeansException {  
35.         System.out.println("setBeanFactory***************");  
36.     }  
37.     public void setBeanName(String arg0) {  
38.         System.out.println("setBeanName***************" + arg0);              
39.     }  
40. }  
41. public class MyBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {  
42.     public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName)  
43.             throws BeansException {  
44.         System.out.println("************** MyBeanPostProcessor postProcessBeforeInitialization Bean '" + beanName);  
45.         return bean;  
46.     }  
47.     public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName)  
48.             throws BeansException {  
49.         System.out.println("************** MyBeanPostProcessor postProcessAfterInitialization Bean '" + beanName);  
50.         return bean;  
51.     }  
52. }  

Spring配置

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1. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
2.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
3.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
4.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">  
5.     <bean class="com.test.spring.beanfactoryCtx.MyBeanPostProcessor" />  
6.     <bean class="com.test.spring.beanfactoryCtx.MyBeanPostProcessor1" />  
7.     <bean name="lifeCycleBean" class="com.test.spring.beanfactoryCtx.LifeCycleBean" init-method="init" destroy-method="cleanup">  
8.         <property name="str" value="test str"/>  
9.     </bean>  
10. </beans>  

调用代码:注意在从main方法启动Spring的话,需要 registerShutdownHook才能看到destroy方法和由destroy-method配置的方法的调用.

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1. ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:conf/bfactoryCtx1.xml");  
2. ((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext)ctx).registerShutdownHook();  
3. LifeCycleBean bean1 = ctx.getBean("lifeCycleBean",LifeCycleBean.class);  
4. System.out.println("***********" + bean1 +  "   " + bean1.getStr());  

输出结果如下:

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1. construct LifecycleBean ***************  
2. setStr ***************       #1  
3. setBeanName***************lifeCycleBean  
4. setBeanFactory***************  
5. setApplicationContext***************  
6. ************** MyBeanPostProcessor postProcessBeforeInitialization Bean 'lifeCycleBean  #2  
7. ************** MyBeanPostProcessor1 postProcessBeforeInitialization Bean 'lifeCycleBean #2  
8. afterPropertiesSet ***************  
9. init mtd ***************  
10. ************** MyBeanPostProcessor postProcessAfterInitialization Bean 'lifeCycleBean   #2  
11. ************** MyBeanPostProcessor1 postProcessAfterInitialization Bean 'lifeCycleBean  #2  
12. ***********com.test.spring.beanfactoryCtx.LifeCycleBean@157fb52   test4                 #3  
13. destroy ***************  
14. cleanup mtd ***************  

#1为成员变量赋值的步骤
#2如果有多个BeanPostProcessor的话,每一个BeanPostProcessor都会被调用一次.
#3Bean 被客户端代码使用