1.dbunit从名字上可以看出,是对有关数据库操作的测试。官网:www.dbunit.org从官网下载dbunit相关的jar包,dbunit还依赖于http://www.slf4j.org, 所以也需要下载slf4j,使用它的slf4j-api-1.7.7.jar和slf4j-simple-1.7.7.jar。
dbunit的原理是:它会把数据库表里的数据和一个xml文件里表示的数据关联起来。也就是说 数据库表里的数据可以导出到一个对应的xml里,同时也可以将一个xml里的数据导入到数据库表里。是相互转换的。
数据库表里的数据<===>xml文件
可以做个测试如下:
package com.test.dbunit;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import org.dbunit.database.DatabaseConnection;
import org.dbunit.database.IDatabaseConnection;
import org.dbunit.database.QueryDataSet;
import org.dbunit.dataset.xml.FlatXmlDataSet;
public class TestApp {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(
"jdbc:mysql://localhost/dbunit", "root", "");
IDatabaseConnection connection = new DatabaseConnection(conn);
QueryDataSet dataSet = new QueryDataSet(connection);
//将整个person表里的数据导出到 xml文件里
dataSet.addTable("person");
//将users表里符合条件的数据导出到xml文件里
dataSet.addTable("users","select * from users where id < 4");
//导出到dbunit.xml文件里
FlatXmlDataSet.write(dataSet,new FileOutputStream("dbunit.xml"));
}
}
如果想把某个数据库里的所有表里的数据全部导出到某个xml里,又不想通过addTable一个个来添加的话。则必须通过IDatabaseConnection的createDataSet()来创建IDataSet
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(
"jdbc:mysql://localhost/dbunit", "root", "");
IDatabaseConnection connection = new DatabaseConnection(conn);
//如果想把某个数据库里的所有表里的数据全部导出到某个xml里,又不想通过addTable一个个来添加的话。则必须通过IDatabaseConnection的createDataSet()来创建IDataSet
IDataSet dataSet = connection.createDataSet();
//导出到dbunit.xml文件里
FlatXmlDataSet.write(dataSet,new FileOutputStream("dbunit1.xml"));
//也可以用FlatDtdDataSet导出一个对应的dtd文件
FlatDtdDataSet.write(dataSet,new FileOutputStream("dbunit1.dtd"));
}
生成的dbunit.xml内容如下:
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> <dataset> <student Id="0001" name="翁仔" sex="m" birthday="1979-12-31"/> <student Id="0002" name="王翠花" sex="f" birthday="1982-08-09"/> <users id="1" username="zhangsan" password="123"/> <users id="2" username="lisi" password="456"/> <users id="3" username="wangwu" password="789"/> </dataset>
2.用dbunit做测试,需要继承DBTestCase,并需要重写protected IDataSet getDataSet() throws Exception
package com.chenjo.expa;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import org.dbunit.Assertion;
import org.dbunit.DBTestCase;
import org.dbunit.PropertiesBasedJdbcDatabaseTester;
import org.dbunit.database.DatabaseConnection;
import org.dbunit.database.IDatabaseConnection;
import org.dbunit.database.QueryDataSet;
import org.dbunit.dataset.IDataSet;
import org.dbunit.dataset.ITable;
import org.dbunit.dataset.SortedTable;
import org.dbunit.dataset.filter.DefaultColumnFilter;
import org.dbunit.dataset.xml.FlatXmlDataSet;
import org.dbunit.operation.DatabaseOperation;
public class SimpleTest extends DBTestCase {
private File file = null;
public SimpleTest()
{
// super();
System.setProperty(
PropertiesBasedJdbcDatabaseTester.DBUNIT_DRIVER_CLASS,
"com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
System.setProperty(
PropertiesBasedJdbcDatabaseTester.DBUNIT_CONNECTION_URL,
"jdbc:mysql://localhost/test");
System.setProperty(PropertiesBasedJdbcDatabaseTester.DBUNIT_USERNAME,
"root");
System.setProperty(PropertiesBasedJdbcDatabaseTester.DBUNIT_PASSWORD,
"root");
}
/**
* 给定数据集
*/
@Override
protected IDataSet getDataSet() throws Exception {
System.out.println("init...");
return new FlatXmlDataSet(new FileInputStream("dbunit.xml"));
}
public void test1() throws Exception{
IDataSet dbDataSet = getConnection().createDataSet();
ITable dbTable = dbDataSet.getTable("users");
IDataSet xmlDataSet = new FlatXmlDataSet(new FileInputStream("dbunit.xml"));
ITable xmlTable = xmlDataSet.getTable("users");
Assertion.assertEquals(xmlTable, dbTable);
}
/**
* 表结构和dbunit1.xml结构不一致
*/
public void test2() throws Exception{
IDataSet dbDataSet = getConnection().createDataSet();
ITable dbTable = dbDataSet.getTable("users");
IDataSet xmlDataSet = new FlatXmlDataSet(new FileInputStream("dbunit1.xml"));
ITable xmlTable = xmlDataSet.getTable("users");
//第一种写法
// dbTable = DefaultColumnFilter.includedColumnsTable(dbTable,xmlTable.getTableMetaData().getColumns());
//第二种写法
dbTable = DefaultColumnFilter.includedColumnsTable(dbTable,xmlDataSet.getTableMetaData("users").getColumns());
Assertion.assertEquals(xmlTable, dbTable);
}
/**
* 只比较username
*/
public void test3() throws Exception{
IDataSet dbDataSet = getConnection().createDataSet();
ITable dbTable = dbDataSet.getTable("users");
IDataSet xmlDataSet = new FlatXmlDataSet(new FileInputStream("dbunit1.xml"));
ITable xmlTable = xmlDataSet.getTable("users");
dbTable = DefaultColumnFilter.excludedColumnsTable(dbTable, new String[]{"id","password"});
xmlTable = DefaultColumnFilter.excludedColumnsTable(dbTable, new String[]{"password"});
Assertion.assertEquals(xmlTable, dbTable);
}
/**
* 表里数据和dbunit2.xml里的数据的顺序不一致
*/
public void test4() throws Exception{
IDataSet dbDataSet = getConnection().createDataSet();
ITable dbTable = dbDataSet.getTable("users");
IDataSet xmlDataSet = new FlatXmlDataSet(new FileInputStream("dbunit2.xml"));
ITable xmlTable = xmlDataSet.getTable("users");
SortedTable dbSortedTable = new SortedTable(dbTable,new String[]{"id"});
//按数据库里表结构字段类型来进行排序,如果是int则按int排序,不是依照字符串的形式排序
dbSortedTable.setUseComparable(true);
SortedTable xmlSortedTable = new SortedTable(xmlTable,new String[]{"id"});
//按数据库里表结构字段类型来进行排序,如果是int则按int排序,不是依照字符串的形式排序
xmlSortedTable.setUseComparable(true);
Assertion.assertEquals(xmlSortedTable, dbSortedTable);
}
/**
* 对Users表插入一条记录做测试
* @throws Exception
*/
public void test5() throws Exception{
UsersDAO db = new UsersDAO();
User user = new User();
user.setId(9);
user.setUsername("hello");
user.setPassword("world");
db.save(user);
IDataSet dataSet = getConnection().createDataSet();
ITable actualTable = dataSet.getTable("users");
IDataSet dataSet2 = new FlatXmlDataSet(new File("expected.xml"));
ITable expectedTable = dataSet2.getTable("users");
Assertion.assertEquals(expectedTable, actualTable);
}
/**
* 在把xml里的数据导入到db里之前,需要对数据库里的表的数据做的操作。
*/
protected DatabaseOperation getSetUpOperation() throws Exception
{
// 连接DB
Connection conn=getMySqlConnection();
// 获得DB 连接
IDatabaseConnection connection = connection =new DatabaseConnection(conn);
// 对数据库中的操作对象表student 进行备份
QueryDataSet backupDataSet = new QueryDataSet(connection);
backupDataSet.addTable("student");
file=File.createTempFile("student_back",".xml");// 备份文件
FlatXmlDataSet.write(backupDataSet,new FileOutputStream(file));
// 准备数据的读入
IDataSet dataSet = new FlatXmlDataSet( new FileInputStream("dbunit.xml"));
System.out.println("setup...");
DatabaseOperation.CLEAN_INSERT.execute(connection,dataSet);
return DatabaseOperation.NONE;
}
/**
* 测试执行完以后,需要对数据库里的表里的数据做的操作
*/
protected DatabaseOperation getTearDownOperation() throws Exception
{
Connection conn=getMySqlConnection();
IDatabaseConnection connection =new DatabaseConnection(conn);
IDataSet dataSet = new FlatXmlDataSet(file);
DatabaseOperation.CLEAN_INSERT.execute(connection,dataSet);
System.out.println("teardown...");
return DatabaseOperation.NONE;
}
Connection getMySqlConnection() {
// 驱动程序名
String driver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
// URL指向要访问的数据库名test
String url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test";
// MySQL配置时的用户名
String user = "root";
// MySQL配置时的密码
String password = "root";
Connection conn = null;
// 加载驱动程序
try {
Class.forName(driver);
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return conn;
}
}
其中expected.xml内容为:
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> <dataset> <person/> <users id="1" username="zhangsan" password="123"/> <users id="2" username="lisi" password="456"/> <users id="3" username="wangwu" password="789"/> <users id="9" username="hello" password="world"/> </dataset>
补充说明:
数据库test的编码格式: utf-8
expected.xml: 以 UTF-8 无BOM格式编码 (Notepadd++)