hibernate 全面学习【hibernate hsql语句学习 】

Hibernate hql

* 注意hql的大小写敏感性

1、实体对象的查询，查询的是实体对象的数据【重要】
* n+1问题，在默认配置的情况下，使用query.iterate()操作，有可能有n＋1问题，所谓
n+1，指在查询对象数据的时候，发出了n＋1条查询语句。
1：首先发出了一条查询语句，查询对象的id列表
n:在迭代访问每个对象的时候，如果缓存中没有对象数据，Hibernate会在此发出一条查询语句，
查询相应的对象

*List操作与Iterate操作的区别
list,每次都会发出一条查询语句，查询所有的对象
iterate,首先发出一条查询语句，查询对象的id列表，然后根据缓存情况，决定
是否发出更多的查询语句，来查询对象数据
参见：SimpleObjectQueryTest2.java

2、简单属性查询
* 单个属性查询，返回的结果集属性的列表，其元素和属性的类型一致
* 多个属性查询,返回的结果集是数组类型，数组的长度和查询的属性数量相关，数组中元素的类型与相应的属性类型相同
参见：SimplePropertyQueryTest.java

3、条件查询【重要】
* 可以拼字符串的形式传递参数
* 可以用过？来传递参数（注意索引值是从0开始的，跟jdbc不同，jdbc是从1开始的）
* 可以通过 ：参数名 来传递参数（即命名参数方式）
* 如果对应的参数值是多个，可以调用setParamterList()方法开传递
* 在HQL中可以使用数据库的函数，如date_format()
参见：SimpleConditionQueryTest.java

4、hibernate也支持直接使用原生sql进行查询
参见：SqlQueryTest.java

5、外置的命名查询
* 在映射文件中通过<query>标签定义hql
* 在程序中使用session.getNameQuery()方法获得这个查询
参见：Student.hbm.xml,NameQueryTest.java

6、查询过滤器
* 定义过滤器参数
* 在类映射文件中使用这些参数
* 在session中启用过滤器
参见：Student.hbm.xml,FilterQueryTest.java

7、对象导航查询，在HQL语句中，可以使用.的方式进行对象导航【重要】
参见：ObjectNavQueryTest.java

8、连接查询（在对象里可以直接导航）【重要】
* 内连接
* 外连接(左连接/右连接)
参见：JionQueryTest

9、统计查询
参见：StatQueryTest.java

10、分页查询【重要】
* 通过query接口中的setFirstResult()和setMaxResults() 进行分页
参见：PageQueryTest

11、DML风格的操作（尽量）

package com.bjsxt.hibernate;

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Session;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

public class JionQueryTest extends TestCase {

	/**
	 * 内连接，从Student连接到Classes
	 *
	 */
	public void testQuery1() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			List students = session.createQuery("select c.name, s.name from Student s join s.classes c ")
			.list();
			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {
				Object[] obj = (Object[])iter.next();
				System.out.println(obj[0] + ", " + obj[1]);
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}	
	}

	/**
	 * 左外连接
	 *
	 */
	public void testQuery2() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			List students = session.createQuery("select c.name, s.name from Classes c left join c.students s ")
			.list();
			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {
				Object[] obj = (Object[])iter.next();
				System.out.println(obj[0] + ", " + obj[1]);
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}	
	}

	/**
	 * 右外连接
	 *
	 */	
	public void testQuery3() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			List students = session.createQuery("select c.name, s.name from Classes c right join c.students s ")
			.list();
			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {
				Object[] obj = (Object[])iter.next();
				System.out.println(obj[0] + ", " + obj[1]);
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}	
	}

	/**
	 * 内连接，从Classes连接到Student
	 *
	 */
	private void testQuery4() {

	}
}


package com.bjsxt.hibernate;

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Session;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

/**
 * 外置的命名查询测试
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class NameQueryTest extends TestCase {

	public void testQuery1() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			List students =  session.getNamedQuery("searchStudents")
			                        .setParameter(0, 10)
			                        .list();

			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {
				Student student = (Student)iter.next();
				System.out.println(student.getName());
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}				
	}	
}


package com.bjsxt.hibernate;

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Session;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

/**
 * 对象导航查询测试
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class ObjectNavQueryTest extends TestCase {

	public void testQuery1() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			List students = session.createQuery("select s.name from Student s where s.classes.id < 2").list();
			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {
				String name = (String)iter.next();	
				System.out.println(name);
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}	
	}	
}


package com.bjsxt.hibernate;

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

/**
 * 分页查询测试
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class PageQueryTest extends TestCase {

	public void testQuery1() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
			Query query = session.createQuery("from Student");
			query.setFirstResult(27);
			query.setMaxResults(5);
			List students = query.list();
			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {
				Student student = (Student)iter.next();
				System.out.println(student.getId() + ", " + student.getName());
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}	
	}
}


package com.bjsxt.hibernate;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

public class SimpleConditionQueryTest extends TestCase {

	public void testQuery1() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			//条件查询，拼字符串
			List students = session.createQuery("SELECT s.id, s.name FROM Student s WHERE s.name LIKE '%1%'")
			.list();
			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {
				Object[] obj = (Object[])iter.next();
				System.out.println(obj[0] + ", " + obj[1]);
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}				
	}

	public void testQuery2() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			//条件查询，使用 ？ 的方式传递参数
			Query query = session.createQuery("SELECT s.id, s.name FROM Student s WHERE s.name LIKE ?");

			//传递参数
			//参数的索引是从0开始的
			//传递的字符串，无需用''单引号括起来
			query.setParameter(0, "%1%");

			List students = query.list(); 

			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {
				Object[] obj = (Object[])iter.next();
				System.out.println(obj[0] + ", " + obj[1]);
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}				
	}

	public void testQuery3() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			//条件查询，使用 ：参数名称 的方式传递参数
			Query query = session.createQuery("SELECT s.id, s.name FROM Student s WHERE s.name LIKE :myname");

			//传递参数
			query.setParameter("myname", "%1%");

			List students = query.list(); 

			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {
				Object[] obj = (Object[])iter.next();
				System.out.println(obj[0] + ", " + obj[1]);
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}				
	}

	public void testQuery4() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			//条件查询,因为setParameter方法返回Query接口，所以可以用省略的方式来查询
			List students = session.createQuery("SELECT s.id, s.name FROM Student s WHERE s.name LIKE :myname and s.id = :myid")
			.setParameter("myname", "%1%")
			.setParameter("myid", 15)
			.list();

			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {
				Object[] obj = (Object[])iter.next();
				System.out.println(obj[0] + ", " + obj[1]);
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}				
	}

	public void testQuery5() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			//条件查询,支持in，需要用setParameterList()进行参数传递
			List students = session.createQuery("SELECT s.id, s.name FROM Student s WHERE s.id in(:myids)")
			.setParameterList("myids", new Object[]{1, 3, 5})
			.list();

			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {
				Object[] obj = (Object[])iter.next();
				System.out.println(obj[0] + ", " + obj[1]);
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}				
	}

	public void testQuery6() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			//条件查询,支持in，需要用setParameter进行参数传递
//			List students = session.createQuery("SELECT s.id, s.name FROM Student s WHERE " +
//					"date_format(s.createTime, '%Y-%m') =?")
//			.setParameter(0, "2007-01")
//			.list();

			List students = session.createQuery("SELECT s.id, s.name FROM Student s WHERE " +
			"substring(s.createTime, 1, 7) =?")
         	.setParameter(0, "2007-01")
	        .list();

			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {
				Object[] obj = (Object[])iter.next();
				System.out.println(obj[0] + ", " + obj[1]);
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}				
	}

	public void testQuery7() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			//条件查询,支持in，需要用setParameter进行参数传递

			SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
			List students = session.createQuery("SELECT s.id, s.name FROM Student s WHERE " +
			"s.createTime between ? and ? ")
         	.setParameter(0, format.parseObject("2007-01-01"))
         	.setParameter(1, format.parseObject("2007-03-01"))
	        .list();

			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {
				Object[] obj = (Object[])iter.next();
				System.out.println(obj[0] + ", " + obj[1]);
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}				
	}

}


package com.bjsxt.hibernate;

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

/**
 * 对象查询中的list操作和iterator操作的差异
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class SimpleObjectQueryTest2 extends TestCase {

	public void testQueryWithListMethod() {
			Session session = null;
			try {
				session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

				/**
				 * 将发出一条查询语句，获取Student的集合数据
				 * select student0_.id as id1_, student0_.name as name1_, 
				 * student0_.createTime as createTime1_, student0_.classid as classid1_ 
				 * from t_student student0_
				 */
				List students = session.createQuery("from Student").list();
				for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {
					Student student = (Student)iter.next();
					System.out.println(student.getName());
				}
			}catch(Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}finally {
				HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
			}	
		}		

	public void testQueryWithIterateMethod() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			//先发出查询id的列表语句
			//select student0_.id as col_0_0_ from t_student student0_
			//再依次发出查询对象的sql（根据id）
			//select student0_.id as id1_0_, student0_.name as name1_0_, 
			//student0_.createTime as createTime1_0_, student0_.classid as classid1_0_ 
			//from t_student student0_ where student0_.id=?
			Query query = session.createQuery("from Student");
			Iterator students = query.iterate();
			while (students.hasNext()) {
				Student student = (Student)students.next();
				System.out.println(student.getName());
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}	
	}	

	public void testQueryWithListAndIterate() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
			Query query = session.createQuery("from Student");
			List students = query.list();
			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {
				Student student = (Student)iter.next();
				System.out.println(student.getName());
			}

			//如果使用iterate进行查询
			//因为list操作已经将对象加载到了session的一级缓存，所以
			//再使用iterate操作的时候，它先会发出查询id列表的查询语句
			//再根据id到缓存中获取相关的数据
			//只有再缓存中找不到相关数据的情况下，才会再次发出sql进行查询
			Iterator studentsIter = query.iterate();
			while (studentsIter.hasNext()) {
				Student student = (Student)studentsIter.next();
				System.out.println(student.getName());
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}	

	}

	public void testQueryWithListAndList() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
			Query query = session.createQuery("from Student");
			List students = query.list();
			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {
				Student student = (Student)iter.next();
				System.out.println(student.getName());
			}

			//再次发出发出sql
			//在默认情况下，list每次都会向数据库发出查询对象数据的sql，
			//除非配置了查询缓存，所以下面的list()操作，虽然在session已经有了
			//对象缓存数据，但list()并不理会这个中缓存，而再次发出查询语句进行查询
			students = query.list();
			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {
				Student student = (Student)iter.next();
				System.out.println(student.getName());
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}	
	}


}


package com.bjsxt.hibernate;

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

/**
 * 对象查询的基本测试
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class SimpleObjectQueryTest extends TestCase {

	public void testQuery1() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			//可以忽略select语句
			List students = session.createQuery("from Student").list();
			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {

				//返回值是Student对象
				Student student = (Student)iter.next();
				System.out.println(student.getName());
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}	
	}

	public void testQuery2() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			//可以忽略select语句,表可以加别名
			List students = session.createQuery("from Student s").list();
			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {

				//返回值是Student对象
				Student student = (Student)iter.next();
				System.out.println(student.getName());
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}	
	}

	public void testQuery3() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			//可以忽略select语句,表可以加别名
			List students = session.createQuery("from Student as s").list();
			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {

				//返回值是Student对象
				Student student = (Student)iter.next();
				System.out.println(student.getName());
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}	
	}

	public void testQuery4() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			//使用select关键字时，必须定义别名
			List students = session.createQuery("select s from Student s").list();
			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {

				//返回值是Student对象
				Student student = (Student)iter.next();
				System.out.println(student.getName());
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}	
	}

	public void testQuery5() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			//不支持select * ....这样的HQL查询语句
			List students = session.createQuery("select * from Student").list();
			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {

				//返回值是Student对象
				Student student = (Student)iter.next();
				System.out.println(student.getName());
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}	
	}
}


package com.bjsxt.hibernate;

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Session;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

/**
 * 简单的属性查询
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class SimplePropertyQueryTest extends TestCase {

	/**
	 * 单一属性查询
	 *
	 */
	public void testQuery1() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			List students = session.createQuery("select name from Student").list();
			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {
				String name = (String)iter.next();
				System.out.println(name);
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}			
	}

	/**
	 * 多个属性的查询
	 *
	 */
	public void testQuery2() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			//查询多个属性，其集合元素是对象数组
			//数组元素的类型，跟实体类的属性的类型相关
			List students = session.createQuery("select id, name from Student").list();
			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {
				Object[] obj = (Object[])iter.next();
				System.out.println(obj[0] + ", " + obj[1]);
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}			
	}

	public void testQuery3() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			//查询多个属性，其集合元素是对象数组
			//数组元素的类型，跟实体类的属性的类型相关
			//更参见的用法，给对象起个别名，然后通过别名来引用属性值
			List students = session.createQuery("select s.id, s.name from Student s").list();
			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {
				Object[] obj = (Object[])iter.next();
				System.out.println(obj[0] + ", " + obj[1]);
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}			
	}

}


package com.bjsxt.hibernate;

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.SQLQuery;
import org.hibernate.Session;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

/**
 * 嵌入原生sql测试
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class SqlQueryTest extends TestCase {

	public void testQuery1() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			SQLQuery sqlQuery = session.createSQLQuery("select * from t_student");
			List students = sqlQuery.list();
			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {
				Object[] obj = (Object[])iter.next();
				System.out.println(obj[0] + ", " + obj[1]);
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}				
	}

}


package com.bjsxt.hibernate;

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Session;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

public class StatQueryTest extends TestCase {

	public void testQuery1() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			List students = session.createQuery("select count(*) from Student").list();
			Long count = (Long)students.get(0);
			System.out.println(count);
//			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {
//				Long count = (Long)iter.next();	
//				System.out.println(count);
//			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}	
	}	

	public void testQuery2() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			List students = session.createQuery("select c.id, c.name, count(s) from Student s join " +
					"s.classes c group by c.id, c.name").list();
			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {
				Object[] obj = (Object[])iter.next();
				System.out.println(obj[0] + ",  " + obj[1] + ", " + obj[2]);
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}	
	}	

}


package com.bjsxt.hibernate;

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Session;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

/**
 * 查询过滤器测试
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class FilterQueryTest extends TestCase {

	public void testQuery1() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

			session.enableFilter("idfilter")
			       .setParameter("myid", 10);

			List students = session.createQuery("from Student")
			.list();

			for (Iterator iter = students.iterator();iter.hasNext();) {

				Student student = (Student)iter.next();
				System.out.println(student.getName());
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}	
	}

}


package com.bjsxt.hibernate;

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

public class DMLQueryTest extends TestCase {

	public void testQuery1() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
			session.beginTransaction();
			/**
			 * 使用这种风格的操作，将会造成内存中的对象与数据库中的数据不同步，所以
			 * 建议尽量少使用
			 */
			Query updateQuery =  session.createQuery("update Student a set a.name=? where a.id in(:ids)");
			updateQuery.setParameter(0, "张三");
			updateQuery.setParameterList("ids", new Object[]{1, 2});
			updateQuery.executeUpdate();
			session.getTransaction().commit();
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			session.getTransaction().rollback();
		}finally {
			HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
		}				
	}
}