利用ANNOTATION替代XML配置文件

1.  利用SPRING ANNOTATION 替代业务层的XML配置文件，需要在XML中配置注解扫描;

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
   	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
   	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
   	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
   		   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd   
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd 
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
   	<!-- 配置Hibernate事务特性 -->
   	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
   		<tx:attributes>
   			<tx:method name="save*"   propagation="REQUIRED"/> 
   			<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/> 
   			<tx:method name="remove*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
   			<tx:method name="get*"  read-only="true"  /> 
   		</tx:attributes>
   	</tx:advice>
   	
   	<aop:config>
   		<aop:pointcut id="allManagerMethod"
   			expression="execution(* com.*.*.service.*.*(..))" />
   		<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="allManagerMethod" />
   	</aop:config>
   	
   	<!--  加入 aop annotation 注释 -->
       <aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy>
   	
   	<!-- 加入 component annotation 注释 -->
       <context:component-scan base-package="ims" ></context:component-scan>

    
2.  利用JPA ANNOTATION替代持久层中的XML配置文件，需要替换SPRING配置文件中的SessionFactoryBean，并开启注解扫描；

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"
       "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
   <beans>
   	
   	<!-- Hibernate SessionFactory -->
   	<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
   		<property name="dataSource">
   			<ref bean="dataSource"/>
   		</property>
   		<property name="mappingDirectoryLocations">
   			<list>
   				<value>WEB-INF/classes/com/</value>
   			</list>
   		</property>
    		<property name="packagesToScan" > 
     			<list>
   				<value>com.**.*</value>
   			</list>
   		</property>
   		<property name="hibernateProperties">
   			<props>
   				<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect</prop>
   				<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
   				<prop key="hibernate.use_outer_join">true</prop>
   				<prop key="hibernate.query.factory_class">org.hibernate.hql.ast.ASTQueryTranslatorFactory</prop>
   				<prop key="hibernate.transaction.factory_class">org.hibernate.transaction.JDBCTransactionFactory</prop>
   				<prop key="hibernate.connection.pool_size">10</prop>
   				<prop key="hibernate.jdbc.fetch_size">100</prop>
   			</props>
   			
   		</property>
   		<property name="lobHandler">
   			<ref bean="oracleLobHandler"/>
   		</property>
   	</bean>
   </beans>

    
3. 利用SPRING MVC ANNOTATION 替代控制层的配置文件,需要在SPRING MVC 的 servlet配置文件中开启注解扫描<context:component-scan base-package="com" ></context:component-scan>

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
   	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">
   	<!-- 扫描ANNOTATION 注入的ACTION -->
   	<context:component-scan base-package="com" />
   
   	<!-- 异常捕获 -->
   	<bean id="exceptionResolver"
   		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
   		<property name="exceptionMappings">
   			<props>
   				<prop key="java.lang.Exception">error</prop>
   				<!--<prop key="java.sql.SQLException">showDBError</prop>
   				<prop key="java.lang.RuntimeException">showError</prop>
   				<prop
   					key="org.springframework.web.multipart.MaxUploadSizeExceededException">maxUploadExceeded</prop>
   				-->
   			</props>
   		</property>
   	</bean>
   
   	<!-- URL 映射处理 -->
   	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping">
   		<property name="interceptors">
   			<list>
   				<bean class="test.common.servlet.handler.DefaultViewNameInterceptor" />
   			</list>
   		</property>
   		<property name="caseSensitive" value="true" />
   	</bean>
   
   	<!-- 视图解析-->
   	<bean id="viewResolver"
   		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
   		<property name="viewClass"
   			value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
   		<property name="prefix" value="/" /> <!-- /WEB-INF/jsp/ -->
   		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
   	</bean>
   
   </beans>

    MVC基类

   public class BaseActionController extends MultiActionController {
   	protected final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());
   
   	private static String RESULT_PAGE = "/common/resultPage"; // .jsp
   	private static String JSON_PAGE = "/common/ajaxJson"; // .jsp
   
   	private String jspPkg;
   
   	public String getJspPkg() {
   		return jspPkg;
   	}
   
   	public void setJspPkg(String jspPkg) {
   		this.jspPkg = jspPkg;
   	}
   
   	public BaseActionController() {
   		super();
   		if (this.getClass().isAnnotationPresent(JspPkg.class)) {
   			JspPkg jspPkgAnnotation = this.getClass().getAnnotation(JspPkg.class);
   			jspPkg = jspPkgAnnotation.value();
   		}
   	}
   
   	public BaseActionController(Object delegate) {
   		super(delegate);
   	}
   
   
   	public final ModelAndView getDefaultView() {
   		return new ModelAndView();
   	}
   
   ｝

   MVC ANNOTATION使用实例： 

   import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
   import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
   
   @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
   public @interface JspPkg {
   	
   	public String value();
   
   }

   @Controller
   @JspPkg(value="/test/annotation/")
   public class Jbpm4DeploymentController  extends BaseActionController {
   
   	@Resource (name="jbpm4DeploymentManager")
   	private	Jbpm4DeploymentManager jbpm4DeploymentManager;
   	
   // http://localhost:8001/test/jbpm4Deployment/initJbpm4DeploymentMag.mvc
   	public ModelAndView initJbpm4DeploymentMag(HttpServletRequest request,
   			HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
   		
   		return getDefaultView();
   	}

     
4. 以上开源框架版本是SPRING 2.5.6; HIBERNATE 3.5.5;
5. 单元测试JUNIT4使用annotation简化配置

   package test.annotation.test;
   
   import test.common.test.ImsJunit4Test;
   
   import javax.annotation.Resource;
   
   import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
   import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
   import org.junit.Test;
   import org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionConfiguration;
   
   import test.annotation.model.Expr;
   import test.annotation.service.ExprManager;
   
   @TransactionConfiguration(defaultRollback = false)
   public class ExprTest extends baseJunit4Test {
   	private transient final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());
   
   	@Resource(name = "exprManager")
   	private ExprManager exprManager;
   
   	/**
   	 * 获取一条记录信息并测试其修改操作
   	 */
   	@Test
   	public void testSaveExpr() {
   		System.out.println(exprManager);
   
   	}
   
   }

    利用SPRING容器和JUNIT4加上ANNOTATION配置，测试单元代码变得相当简洁；