Spring 的 JDBCTemplate使用总结

1、使用JdbcTemplate的execute()方法执行SQL语句
Java代码
jdbcTemplate.execute("CREATE TABLE USER (user_id integer, name varchar(100))");

jdbcTemplate.execute("CREATE TABLE USER (user_id integer, name varchar(100))");

2、如果是UPDATE或INSERT,可以用update()方法。
Java代码
jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO USER VALUES('"
+ user.getId() + "', '"
+ user.getName() + "', '"
+ user.getSex() + "', '"
+ user.getAge() + "')");

jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO USER VALUES('" + user.getId() + "', '" + user.getName() + "', '" + user.getSex() + "', '" + user.getAge() + "')");

3、带参数的更新
Java代码
jdbcTemplate.update("UPDATE USER SET name = ? WHERE user_id = ?", new Object[] {name, id});

jdbcTemplate.update("UPDATE USER SET name = ? WHERE user_id = ?", new Object[] {name, id});

Java代码
jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO USER VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?)", new Object[] {user.getId(), user.getName(), user.getSex(), user.getAge()});

jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO USER VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?)", new Object[] {user.getId(), user.getName(), user.getSex(), user.getAge()});

4、使用JdbcTemplate进行查询时，使用queryForXXX()等方法
Java代码
int count = jdbcTemplate.queryForInt("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM USER");

int count = jdbcTemplate.queryForInt("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM USER");


Java代码
String name = (String) jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("SELECT name FROM USER WHERE user_id = ?", new Object[] {id}, java.lang.String.class);

String name = (String) jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("SELECT name FROM USER WHERE user_id = ?", new Object[] {id}, java.lang.String.class);


Java代码
List rows = jdbcTemplate.queryForList("SELECT * FROM USER");

List rows = jdbcTemplate.queryForList("SELECT * FROM USER");


Java代码
List rows = jdbcTemplate.queryForList("SELECT * FROM USER");
Iterator it = rows.iterator();
while(it.hasNext()) {
Map userMap = (Map) it.next();
System.out.print(userMap.get("user_id") + "\t");
System.out.print(userMap.get("name") + "\t");
System.out.print(userMap.get("sex") + "\t");
System.out.println(userMap.get("age") + "\t");
}

List rows = jdbcTemplate.queryForList("SELECT * FROM USER"); Iterator it = rows.iterator(); while(it.hasNext()) { Map userMap = (Map) it.next(); System.out.print(userMap.get("user_id") + "\t"); System.out.print(userMap.get("name") + "\t"); System.out.print(userMap.get("sex") + "\t"); System.out.println(userMap.get("age") + "\t"); }


JdbcTemplate将我们使用的JDBC的流程封装起来，包括了异常的捕捉、SQL的执行、查询结果的转换等等。spring大量使用Template Method模式来封装固定流程的动作，XXXTemplate等类别都是基于这种方式的实现。
除了大量使用Template Method来封装一些底层的操作细节，spring也大量使用callback方式类回调相关类别的方法以提供JDBC相关类别的功能，使传统的JDBC的使用者也能清楚了解spring所提供的相关封装类别方法的使用。

JDBC的PreparedStatement
Java代码
final String id = user.getId();
final String name = user.getName();
final String sex = user.getSex() + "";
final int age = user.getAge();

jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO USER VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?)",
new PreparedStatementSetter() {
public void setValues(PreparedStatement ps) throws SQLException {
ps.setString(1, id);
ps.setString(2, name);
ps.setString(3, sex);
ps.setInt(4, age);
}
});

final String id = user.getId(); final String name = user.getName(); final String sex = user.getSex() + ""; final int age = user.getAge(); jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO USER VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?)", new PreparedStatementSetter() { public void setValues(PreparedStatement ps) throws SQLException { ps.setString(1, id); ps.setString(2, name); ps.setString(3, sex); ps.setInt(4, age); } });


Java代码
final User user = new User();
jdbcTemplate.query("SELECT * FROM USER WHERE user_id = ?",
new Object[] {id},
new RowCallbackHandler() {
public void processRow(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException {
user.setId(rs.getString("user_id"));
user.setName(rs.getString("name"));
user.setSex(rs.getString("sex").charAt(0));
user.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
}
});

final User user = new User(); jdbcTemplate.query("SELECT * FROM USER WHERE user_id = ?", new Object[] {id}, new RowCallbackHandler() { public void processRow(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException { user.setId(rs.getString("user_id")); user.setName(rs.getString("name")); user.setSex(rs.getString("sex").charAt(0)); user.setAge(rs.getInt("age")); } });


Java代码
class UserRowMapper implements RowMapper {
public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int index) throws SQLException {
User user = new User();

user.setId(rs.getString("user_id"));
user.setName(rs.getString("name"));
user.setSex(rs.getString("sex").charAt(0));
user.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));

return user;
}
}

public List findAllByRowMapperResultReader() {
String sql = "SELECT * FROM USER";
return jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new RowMapperResultReader(new UserRowMapper()));
}

class UserRowMapper implements RowMapper { public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int index) throws SQLException { User user = new User(); user.setId(rs.getString("user_id")); user.setName(rs.getString("name")); user.setSex(rs.getString("sex").charAt(0)); user.setAge(rs.getInt("age")); return user; } } public List findAllByRowMapperResultReader() { String sql = "SELECT * FROM USER"; return jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new RowMapperResultReader(new UserRowMapper())); }


在getUser(id)里面使用UserRowMapper
Java代码
public User getUser(final String id) throws DataAccessException {
String sql = "SELECT * FROM USER WHERE user_id=?";
final Object[] params = new Object[] { id };
List list = jdbcTemplate.query(sql, params, new RowMapperResultReader(new UserRowMapper()));

return (User) list.get(0);
}

public User getUser(final String id) throws DataAccessException { String sql = "SELECT * FROM USER WHERE user_id=?"; final Object[] params = new Object[] { id }; List list = jdbcTemplate.query(sql, params, new RowMapperResultReader(new UserRowMapper())); return (User) list.get(0); }


网上收集
org.springframework.jdbc.core.PreparedStatementCreator 返回预编译SQL 不能于Object[]一起用
Java代码
public PreparedStatement createPreparedStatement(Connection con) throws SQLException {
return con.prepareStatement(sql);
}

public PreparedStatement createPreparedStatement(Connection con) throws SQLException { return con.prepareStatement(sql); }

1.增删改
org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate 类(必须指定数据源dataSource)
Java代码
template.update("insert into web_person values(?,?,?)",Object[]);

template.update("insert into web_person values(?,?,?)",Object[]);

或
Java代码
template.update("insert into web_person values(?,?,?)",new PreparedStatementSetter(){ 匿名内部类 只能访问外部最终局部变量

public void setValues(PreparedStatement ps) throws SQLException {
ps.setInt(index++,3);
});

template.update("insert into web_person values(?,?,?)",new PreparedStatementSetter(){ 匿名内部类 只能访问外部最终局部变量 public void setValues(PreparedStatement ps) throws SQLException { ps.setInt(index++,3); });

org.springframework.jdbc.core.PreparedStatementSetter 接口 处理预编译SQL
Java代码
public void setValues(PreparedStatement ps) throws SQLException {
ps.setInt(index++,3);
}

public void setValues(PreparedStatement ps) throws SQLException { ps.setInt(index++,3); }

2.查询JdbcTemplate.query(String,[Object[]/PreparedStatementSetter],RowMapper/RowCallbackHandler)
org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper 记录映射接口 处理结果集
Java代码
public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int arg1) throws SQLException { int表当前行数
person.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
}
List template.query("select * from web_person where id=?",Object[],RowMapper);

public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int arg1) throws SQLException { int表当前行数 person.setId(rs.getInt("id")); } List template.query("select * from web_person where id=?",Object[],RowMapper);

org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowCallbackHandler 记录回调管理器接口 处理结果集
Java代码
template.query("select * from web_person where id=?",Object[],new RowCallbackHandler(){
public void processRow(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException {
person.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
});