linux内核中的文件描述符(五)--fd的分配--locate_fd
Kernel version:2.6.14
CPU architecture:ARM920T
Author:ce123(http://blog.csdn.net/ce123)
继续上一篇博客的内容,分析另一个文件描述符fd的分配函数locate_fd。dup系统调用用于复制一个文件描述符对应的文件,返回值是个文件描述符。在前面的文章中,我们已经分析过了dup的源码(http://blog.csdn.net/ce123/article/details/8444482),在这里我们深入分析locate_fd函数,其定义如下:
static int locate_fd(struct files_struct *files,
struct file *file, unsigned int orig_start)//从orig_start位开始分配fd
{
unsigned int newfd;
unsigned int start;
int error;
struct fdtable *fdt;
error = -EINVAL;
if (orig_start >= current->signal->rlim[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur)//检查orig_start是大于进程最大可以打开文件的数量
goto out;
repeat:
fdt = files_fdtable(files);//文件描述符位图
/*
* Someone might have closed fd's in the range
* orig_start..fdt->next_fd
*/
start = orig_start;
if (start < fdt->next_fd)
start = fdt->next_fd;//如果orig_start小于next_fd,那就从next_fd开始分配
newfd = start;
if (start < fdt->max_fdset) {//max_fdset是描述符问题的位数,下面会具体讲解
newfd = find_next_zero_bit(fdt->open_fds->fds_bits,
fdt->max_fdset, start);//分配fd
}
error = -EMFILE;
if (newfd >= current->signal->rlim[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur)//进行判断,分配的fd不能大于进程最大可以打开的文件数量
goto out;
error = expand_files(files, newfd);//文件描述符表的扩展,这个我们留在下一篇文章中详细讲解
if (error < 0)
goto out;
/*
* If we needed to expand the fs array we
* might have blocked - try again.
*/
if (error)
goto repeat;
/*
* We reacquired files_lock, so we are safe as long as
* we reacquire the fdtable pointer and use it while holding
* the lock, no one can free it during that time.
*/
fdt = files_fdtable(files);
if (start <= fdt->next_fd)
fdt->next_fd = newfd + 1;//更新next_fd值
error = newfd;
out:
return error;
}
max_fdset值的分析和rlim_cur差不多,最初的值时从父进程继承过来的。
linux/arch/arm/kernel/init_task.c
struct task_struct init_task = INIT_TASK(init_task);
#define INIT_TASK(tsk) \
{ \
...
.files = &init_files, \
...
}
init_files的定义如下:
static struct files_struct init_files = INIT_FILES;
linux/init_task.h
#define INIT_FDTABLE \
{ \
.max_fds = NR_OPEN_DEFAULT, \
.max_fdset = __FD_SETSIZE, \
.next_fd = 0, \
.fd = &init_files.fd_array[0], \
.close_on_exec = &init_files.close_on_exec_init, \
.open_fds = &init_files.open_fds_init, \
.rcu = RCU_HEAD_INIT, \
.free_files = NULL, \
.next = NULL, \
}
#define NR_OPEN_DEFAULT BITS_PER_LONG
#define __FD_SETSIZE 1024
#define INIT_FILES \
{ \
.count = ATOMIC_INIT(1), \
.file_lock = SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED, \
.fdt = &init_files.fdtab, \
.fdtab = INIT_FDTABLE, \
.close_on_exec_init = { { 0, } }, \
.open_fds_init = { { 0, } }, \
.fd_array = { NULL, } \
}
BITS_PER_LONG是long型数据的字节数,即4*8=3,也就是说max_fds = 32。max_fdset为1024。max_fdset是进程打开文件描述符位图open_fds的大小。open_fds是fd_set的指针。
typedef __kernel_fd_set fd_set;
#undef __NFDBITS
#define __NFDBITS (8 * sizeof(unsigned long))
#undef __FD_SETSIZE
#define __FD_SETSIZE 1024
#undef __FDSET_LONGS
#define __FDSET_LONGS (__FD_SETSIZE/__NFDBITS)
#undef __FDELT
#define __FDELT(d) ((d) / __NFDBITS)
#undef __FDMASK
#define __FDMASK(d) (1UL << ((d) % __NFDBITS))
typedef struct {
unsigned long fds_bits [__FDSET_LONGS];
} __kernel_fd_set;
fds_bits是一个long型数组,共有32个元素,共有1024bit。