最近做一个小项目,碰到这个问题,很让人恼火。
用的是ajax+jsp+struts 的结构
js代码如下:
- //创建XMLHttpRequest对象
- functioncreateXMLHttpRequest(){
- if(window.XMLHttpRequest){//Mozilla浏览器
- XMLHttpReq=newXMLHttpRequest();
- }
- elseif(window.ActiveXObject){//IE浏览器
- try{
- XMLHttpReq=newActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");
- }catch(e){
- try{
- XMLHttpReq=newActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
- }catch(e){}
- }
- }
- }
- //发送页面请求函数
- functionsendDataRequest(){
- var url = "/resetPage.action?doing=buttonVal";
- createXMLHttpRequest();
- XMLHttpReq.open("GET",url,true);
- XMLHttpReq.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","text/html;charset=GBK");
- XMLHttpReq.onreadystatechange=processDataResponse;//指定响应函数
- XMLHttpReq.send(null);//发送请求
- }
- //处理返回的信息
- functionprocessDataResponse(){
- if(XMLHttpReq.readyState==4){//判断对象状态
- if(XMLHttpReq.status==200){//信息已经成功返回,开始处理信息
- updateButton();
- }else{//页面不正常
- alert("您所请求的页面有异常");
- }
- }
- }
- functionupdateButton(){
- varstr=XMLHttpReq.responseText;
- alert(str);
- }
java代码:
- publicActionForwardbuttonVal ActionMappingmapping,ActionFormform,HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponseresponse)throwsException{
- Stringstr="返回";
- //传回响应数据
- PrintWriterout=response.getWriter();
- response.setContentType("text/html;charset=GBK");
- response.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache");
- response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
- System.out.println("===responseCharacterEncoding==="+response.getCharacterEncoding());
- System.out.println("===response==ContentType==="+response.getContentType());
- out.write(str);
- out.close();
- returnmapping.findForward(null);
- }
我的jsp代码里的编码<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=GBK"%>
现在问题来了,返回的str总是??,baidu、Google 都是下面的解决办法:
Answer 1:
用AJAX来GET回一个页面时,responseText里面的中文多半会出现乱码,这是因为XMLHttp在处理返回的responseText的时候,是把resposeBody按UTF-8编码进解码考形成的,如果服务器送出的确实是UTF-8的数据流的时候汉字会正确显示,而送出了GBK编码流的时候就乱了。解决的办法就是在送出的流里面加一个Header,指明送出的是什么编码流,这样XMLHttp就不会乱搞了。
PHP:header(’Content-Type:text/html;charset=GB2312′);
ASP:Response.Charset(”GB2312″)
JSP:response.setHeader(”Charset”,”GB2312″);
Answer 2:
自己在js里写一个转码的函数。可以参考vbscript的实现。
以下是一段参考代码:
- <scriptlanguage="vbscript">
- Functionstr2asc(strstr)
- str2asc=hex(asc(strstr))
- EndFunction
- Functionasc2str(ascasc)
- asc2str=chr(ascasc)
- EndFunction
- </script>
Answer 3:
<wbr><p dir="ltr" style="MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">我尝试用方法1中的解决办法,在java代码中处理返回数据时添加了<font color="#ff0000">response.setHeader(”Charset”,”GBK″);</font>没有效果!试了几种编码方式都不行。郁闷!。。。</p> <p dir="ltr" style="MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">在java的systemout 中打出来的log如下:</p> <div class="highlighter"> <ol class="highlighter-c"> <li><span>===responseCharacterEncoding===ISO-8859-1</span></li> <li class="alt"><span>===response==ContentType===text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1</span></li> </ol> </div> <p>看了这个log无语了,在java代码里的设置没有起作用!!看来是在Action中的HttpServletResponseresponse参数就已设置了CharacterEncoding,后面的修改都不起作用。</p> <p></p> <p>偶然在网上看到一个关于javascript 的函数 escape ,然后Google了下,发现这个函数有点用,可以对字符进行转码,现在理解相当于是给你的字符加了层外壳。那在传值的时候就可以用escape“包装”下你的request的中文字符,传给后台java代码,然后在后台接收的时候,用unescape解开“包装”。处理完毕返回response的时候,在把处理好的数据用escape“包装”起来,这样在ajax的js代码中,我们就可以再使用unescape解开处理好的“数据包”。按照这个思路,成功解决了ajax传值的中文乱码问题!(呼~ 总算解决了,郁闷好多天了)。</p> <p></p> <p>下面是后台java代码中要用到的escape、Unescape。可以编写一个类,专门存放</p> <p></p> <div class="highlighter"> <ol class="highlighter-j"> <li> <span class="keyword">public</span><span></span><span class="keyword">class</span><span>EscapeUnescape{</span> </li> <li class="alt"><span></span></li> <li> <span></span><span class="keyword">public</span><span></span><span class="keyword">static</span><span>Stringescape(Stringsrc)</span> </li> <li class="alt"><span>{</span></li> <li> <span></span><span class="keyword">int</span><span>i;</span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span></span><span class="keyword">char</span><span>j;</span> </li> <li> <span>StringBuffertmp=</span><span class="keyword">new</span><span>StringBuffer();</span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span>tmp.ensureCapacity(src.length()*</span><span class="number">6</span><span>);</span> </li> <li><span></span></li> <li class="alt"> <span></span><span class="keyword">for</span><span>(i=</span><span class="number">0</span><span>;i<src.length();i++){</span> </li> <li><span>j=src.charAt(i);</span></li> <li class="alt"> <span></span><span class="keyword">if</span><span>(Character.isDigit(j)||Character.isLowerCase(j)||</span> </li> <li><span>Character.isUpperCase(j))</span></li> <li class="alt"><span>tmp.append(j);</span></li> <li> <span></span><span class="keyword">else</span><span>{</span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span></span><span class="keyword">if</span><span>(j<</span><span class="number">256</span><span>){</span> </li> <li> <span>tmp.append(</span><span class="string">"%"</span><span>);</span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span></span><span class="keyword">if</span><span>(j<</span><span class="number">16</span><span>)</span> </li> <li> <span>tmp.append(</span><span class="string">"0"</span><span>);</span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span>tmp.append(Integer.toString(j,</span><span class="number">16</span><span>));</span> </li> <li> <span>}</span><span class="keyword">else</span><span>{</span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span>tmp.append(</span><span class="string">"%u"</span><span>);</span> </li> <li> <span>tmp.append(Integer.toString(j,</span><span class="number">16</span><span>));</span> </li> <li class="alt"><span>}</span></li> <li><span>}</span></li> <li class="alt"><span>}</span></li> <li> <span></span><span class="keyword">return</span><span>tmp.toString();</span> </li> <li class="alt"><span>}</span></li> <li><span></span></li> <li class="alt"> <span></span><span class="keyword">public</span><span></span><span class="keyword">static</span><span>Stringunescape(Stringsrc)</span> </li> <li><span>{</span></li> <li class="alt"> <span>StringBuffertmp=</span><span class="keyword">new</span><span>StringBuffer();</span> </li> <li><span>tmp.ensureCapacity(src.length());</span></li> <li class="alt"> <span></span><span class="keyword">int</span><span>lastPos=</span><span class="number">0</span><span>,pos=</span><span class="number">0</span><span>;</span> </li> <li> <span></span><span class="keyword">char</span><span>ch;</span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span></span><span class="keyword">while</span><span>(lastPos<src.length()){</span> </li> <li> <span>pos=src.indexOf(</span><span class="string">"%"</span><span>,lastPos);</span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span></span><span class="keyword">if</span><span>(pos==lastPos){</span> </li> <li> <span></span><span class="keyword">if</span><span>(src.charAt(pos+</span><span class="number">1</span><span>)==</span><span class="string">'u'</span><span>){</span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span>ch=(</span><span class="keyword">char</span><span>)Integer.parseInt(src.substring(pos+</span><span class="number">2</span><span>,pos+</span><span class="number">6</span><span>),</span> </li> <li> <span></span><span class="number">16</span><span>);</span> </li> <li class="alt"><span>tmp.append(ch);</span></li> <li> <span>lastPos=pos+</span><span class="number">6</span><span>;</span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span>}</span><span class="keyword">else</span><span>{</span> </li> <li> <span>ch=(</span><span class="keyword">char</span><span>)Integer.parseInt(src.substring(pos+</span><span class="number">1</span><span>,pos+</span><span class="number">3</span><span>),</span><span class="number">16</span><span>);</span> </li> <li class="alt"><span>tmp.append(ch);</span></li> <li> <span>lastPos=pos+</span><span class="number">3</span><span>;</span> </li> <li class="alt"><span>}</span></li> <li> <span>}</span><span class="keyword">else</span><span>{</span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span></span><span class="keyword">if</span><span>(pos==-</span><span class="number">1</span><span>){</span> </li> <li><span>tmp.append(src.substring(lastPos));</span></li> <li class="alt"><span>lastPos=src.length();</span></li> <li> <span>}</span><span class="keyword">else</span><span>{</span> </li> <li class="alt"><span>tmp.append(src.substring(lastPos,pos));</span></li> <li><span>lastPos=pos;</span></li> <li class="alt"><span>}</span></li> <li><span>}</span></li> <li class="alt"><span>}</span></li> <li> <span></span><span class="keyword">return</span><span>tmp.toString();</span> </li> <li class="alt"><span>}</span></li> <li><span></span></li> <li class="alt"><span></span></li> <li><span>}</span></li> </ol> </div> <p class="alt"><span>JavaScript 中可以直接使用escape和Unescape。</span></p> <p class="alt"><span></span></p> <p>方法2、3有点复杂,增加了代码量和修改量,暂时不做考虑。</p> <p></p> <p>至此,终于对这个问题有了个交代,现在写出来,希望能给大家做个参考,同时,代码比较简单,写的比较仓促,希望大家多多提意见,有好的方法一起探讨。</p> <p dir="ltr" style="MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px"><br></p></wbr>xtmlhttp 返回的数据默认的字符编码是utf-8,所以服务器要向客户端发送数据的时候,也要采用utf-8编码.如果上述方法仍然解决不了乱码问题,那你尝试一下把jsp,htm,java文件用UTF-8编码格式保存.